True/False Quiz on Essential Nutrients and Metabolism, Exams of Anatomy

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Chapter 18 Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology

th

edition David Shier, Ricki Lewis, Jackie

Butler,2024 Test Bank for Chapter 18 Nutrition

and Metabolism Complete (multiple choice &

true or false)

Nutrition and Metabolism

True/False Quiz

Please answer all questions

Excess protein in the diet can cause obesity. A

)True

B

)False

Excess proteins in the diet usually cause a state of nutritional edema. A

)True

B

)False

Vegetables are a good source of the vitamin A required for vision.

A )True

B

)False

Fruits contain the citric acid needed to prevent bleeding gums and fragile bones.

A)

True

B)

False

True/False Quiz

Please answer all questions

1 Anorexia is a term that means loss of appetite. A) TRUE

B)

FALSE

2 Beef and codfish are a source of complex carbohydrates.

A) True

B)

False

3 Since plant cellulose is not digestible, it has no nutritional value for humans.

A) True

B)

False

4 A diet high in fiber always has some benefits for metabolism. A) True

B)

False

5 Excess carbohydrates in the diet can cause a person to gain excess fat in the tissues. A) True

B)

False

6 In the process of gluconeogenesis, the amino acid leucine can be converted to glucose.

A) True

B)

False

7 Illness will occur in persons who use carbohydrates as their main source of food.

A) True

B)

False

8 A deficiency of carbohydrate in the diet can cause muscle tissue to degenerate. A) True

B)

False

9 Infants have a higher probability of developing lipid deficiencies than adults. A) True

B)

False

10

Complete proteins are those that contain all of the amino acids required for an adult in the diet.

A) True

B)

False

11

A child usually develops a positive nitrogen balance in comparison to an adult.

A) True

B)False

12

Kwashiorkor is characterized by edema and retardation. A) True

B)

False

13

The average adult requires around 1,000 calories per hour per Kg body weight each day in the diet.

A) True

B)

False

14

A bomb calorimeter is used to determine how many calories a person will obtain from their foods. A) True

B)

False

15

The basal metabolic rate is the average energy consumed by a person each day. A) True

B)

False

16

Shivering during the cold is a result of the lower metabolic rate of the body in response to lower

temperature. A) True

B)

False

17

A gain in weight will occur when a person has a positive energy balance. A) True

B)

False

18

Studies have shown that persons who were over their desired weights by as much as 10 pounds

actually live longer. A) TRUE

B)

FALSE

19

All persons who weigh 30% in excess of their body weight are considered obese. A) True

B)

False

20

A person could lose weight during exercise and still be considered obese even if their weight was

normal. A) True

B)

False

21

A person with a deficient fat intake may develop vitamin E deficiency also. A) True

B)

False

22

Degenerative skin changes could be the result of either hypervitaminosis A or deficiency.

A) True

B)

False

23

Infants may develop a fatal hemorrhagic disease because of their deficiency of intestinal

bacteria.

A)

True

B)

False

24 Deficiencies of folacin lead to megaloblastic anemia. A) True

B)

False

25 Biotin is most significant in promoting carbohydrate metabolic pathways.

A) True

B)

False

26 Scurvy develops from vitamin C deficiency.

A) True

B)

False

27 Potassium is critically important for nerve and muscle conductivity and must be maintained at high blood levels.

A) True

B)

False

Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions

1 Nutrients that the body needs but cannot synthesize on its own are called __________________. A) essential nutrients

B)

RDAs

C)

macronutrients

D)

micronutrients

2

Which of these carbohydrates is not a good source of energy? A) beet sugar

B)

molasses

C)

cellulose

D)

fruits

3

Choose the carbohydrate that is not absorbed as a monosaccharide in the digestive tract. A) fructose

B)

maltose

C)

galactose

D)

glucose

4

Which cells of the body, under normal circumstances, must have energy in the form of glucose in order to survive?

A) skin cells

B)

muscle cells

C)

neurons

D)

cells of the liver

5

How does the body make use of dietary cholesterol?

A) It is used as an energy source.

B)It is used to line arteries.

C)

It is used for structural material in cell membranes.

D)

It is stored in adipose tissue.

6

The American Heart Association recommends that dietary fat should constitute no more than

________ of daily caloric intake. A) 10%

B)

30%

C)

50%

D)

70%

7

Which of these is not one of the ways the body uses dietary protein? A) to help regulate osmotic balance of the blood

B)

as an energy source

C)

for building and repairing tissue

D)

to synthesize bile

8

Many proteins contain all the essential amino acids while others do not. Choose the protein source that provides incomplete protein.

A) beef

B)

pork

C)

corn

D)

fish

9

The basal metabolic rate (BMR) measures the rate of energy expenditure when _________________.

A) a dieter is fasting

B)the person is asleep

C)

the person is doing light office work

D)

the body is awake but resting

10

Which vitamin is fat-soluble and has carotene as its precursor?

A) vitamin A

B)

vitamin B

C)

vitamin D

D)

vitamin C

11

Intrinsic factor is necessary for the absorption of which vitamin?

A) vitamin B

B)

vitamin C

C)

vitamin E

D)

folic acid

12

Neural tube defects are easily prevented by the adequate intake of _____________ by the pregnant

mother? A) biotin

B)

folic acid

C)

pantothenic acid

D)

ascorbic acid (vitamin C)

13

Which major mineral makes a major contribution to the solute concentration of extracellular fluids?

A) calcium

B)phosphorus

C)

sodium

D)

potassium

14

The trace element _____________ is necessary for wound healing, and a deficiency of it results in

depressed immunity. A) iron

B)

copper

C)

cobalt

D)

zinc

15

Looking like a skeleton, having a greatly depressed immune system, and dying of childhood diseases are traits that characterize _________________.

A) kwashiorkor

B)

marasmus

C)

bulimia

D)

anorexia nervosa

16

Which term would be used to describe the synthesis of a cellular protein?

A) metabolism

B)

catabolism

C)

anabolism

D)

hydrolysis

17

Which of the following cannot be hydrolysed to glucose in humans?

A) sucrose

B)complex carbohydrates

C)

glycogen

D)

cellulose

18

Which of these is a disaccharide?

A) lactose

B)

glucose

C)

fructose

D)

galactose

19

The carbohydrate _____is critical for the function of genes.

A) deoxyribose

B)

ribose

C)

pectin

D)

hemicellulose

20

Which carbohydrate can be found in a steak?

A) triglyceride

B)

glycogen

C)

glucose

D)

amino acid

21

An essential compound not readily synthesized in the liver is _____.

A) lipoprotein

B)

linoleic acid

C)

fatty acid

D)

cholesterol

22

A diet that contains _____will have sufficient amino acids. A) rice and potatoes

B)

rice and beans

C)

beans and corn

D)

rice and corn

23

How many calories are produced from 10g carbohydrate, 5g fat, and 2g protein? A) 55

B)

1,

C)

D)

24

Of the following, which factors influence basal metabolic rate to the greatest extent? A) thyroid hormone

B)

a high fat diet

C)

more than 3,000 calorie diet

D)

cigarette smoking

25

Which of these is the hormonally active form of vitamin D? A) ergocalciferol

B)

dihydroxycholecalciferol

C)

cholecalciferol

D)

vitamin D

26

Hemorrhaging could occur because of lack of sufficient vitamin ____.

A) A

B)

D

C)

E

D)

K

27

The most essential vitamin required to allow carbon to enter the citric acid cycle is ____.

A) riboflavin

B)

folic acid

C)

pantothenic acid

D)

pyridoxine

28

Pernicious anemia can result from lack of vitamin ____. A) B

B)

B

C)

thiamine

D)

folate

29

The element _____is an essential part of proteins. A) Na+

B)

iron

C)

sulfur

D)

phosphorus

Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions

1 Energy is derived mainly from the metabolism of _____.

A) protein

B)

nucleic acids

C)

lipids

D)

carbohydrates

2 Which of the following does not belong with the others?

A) lignin

B)

cellulose

C)

glycogen

D)

pectin

3 Which of the following is most commonly oxidized for energy?

A) fructose

B)

glucose

C)

galactose

D)

sucrose

4 Which of the following is not utilized for energy? A) glucose

B)glycogen

C)

ribose

D)

galactose

5

Which tissue cannot store glycogen or lipids for energy?

A) nervous

B)

skeletal muscle

C)

liver

D)

cardiac

6

In order to prevent protein losses, an adult must consume at least _____ grams of carbohydrate

daily. A) 125

B)

C)

D)

7

Which of the following is most likely used for energy? A) cholesterol

B)

triglycerides

C)

phospholipids

D)

fats

8

Which of the following is a good source of cholesterol? A) olive oil

B)

peanut oil

C)

Swiss cheese

D)

egg yolk

9 Which of the following can be synthesized by the liver? A) cholesterol

B)

linoleic acid

C)

arachidonic acid

D)

linolenic acid

10

Excess _____ are stored in the adipose tissue and can be converted to fatty acids on demand. A) cholesterol molecules

B)

triglycerides

C)

glycerol molecules

D)

carbohydrates

11

A diet that is _____% fat is considered healthy. A) 5

B)

over 30

C)

under 30

D)

12

Which of the following is the usual precursor to the others? A) cholesterol

B)

lipoproteins

C)

phospholipids

D)

triglycerides

13

There are _____ essential amino acids that must be included in the diet of a child.

A) 20

B)

C)

D)

14

Which of the following is not an essential adult amino acid?

A) methionine

B)

phenylalanine

C)

isoleucine

D)

alanine

15

Arginine and _____ are additional amino acids that must be provided to children. A) glutamine

B)

glycine

C)

histidine

D)

cysteine

16

Which of the following is a source of incomplete protein? A) fish

B)

corn

C)

poultry

D)

milk

17

Which of these functions is the least important for proteins?

A) become blood osmotic proteins

B)

convert to enzymes

C)

utilization for energy

D)

component of structures

18

Which of the following is not a protein derivative?

A) collagen

B)

keratin

C)

hemoglobin

D)

cortisol

19

Nutritional edema will develop in a _____ deficiency.

A) protein

B)

carbohydrate

C)

lipid

D)

electrolyte

20

How many calories are needed to raise 10 grams of water from 27 to 37 degrees Celsius?

A) 100 kcal

B)

100 cal

C)

10 Cal

D)

1,000 cal

21

Which food would yield the greatest number of calories? A) 10 gram steak

B)

10 gram bread

C)

10 gram cheese

D)

15 gram rice

22

What of the following would be most accurate in the assessment of a basal metabolic rate? A) oxygen consumption

B)

total calories consumed

C)

total calories burned

D)

blood pressure

23

The average basal metabolic rate requires one calorie of energy per hour for each _____ of body weight.

A) gram

B)

kilogram

C)

10 grams

D)

10 kilograms

24

Which of the following does not tend to decrease basal metabolic rate?

A) being female

B)

larger individuals

C)

body temperature of 97 F

D)

thyroxine levels

25

Which has the highest caloric usage per hour? A) jogging

B)

walking up stairs

C)

vigorous exercise

D)

swimming

26

The desirable weight for a 26-year-old female who is 5 feet and has a medium frame is around

_____ pounds. A) 100

B)

C)

D)

27

Persons are considered obese if their weight is _____ over the desired weight. A) 50 lbs

B)

10%

C)

19%

D)

21%

28

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin? A) A

B)

B

C)

D

D)

E

29

Which of the following does not contain vitamin A? A) carrots

B)

fish

C)

milk

D)

liver

30

Which of the following is derived from vitamin A?

A) rhodopsin

B)

beta-carotene

C)

bile salts

D)

cholesterol

31

Which of these factors causes vitamin A destruction?

A) heat

B)

acid

C)

light

D)

alkali

32

What is the most active form of vitamin D?

A) dihydroxycholecalciferol

B)

cholecalciferol

C)

hydroxycholecalciferol

D)

ergocalciferol

33

Which organ is the last to convert vitamin D to its most active form?

A)

liver

B)

skin

C)

kidney

D)

intestine

34

Which is the best source of vitamin D? A) natural cow's milk

B)

enriched milk

C)

fortified milk

D)

vegetables

35

Vitamin D deficiency could result in poor _____. A) vision

B)

bone growth

C)

skin development

D)

neurologic functions

36

Which of these is a potent anti-oxidizing agent? A) vitamin A

B)

vitamin E

C)

alpha-tocopherol

D)

vitamin D

37

The most important vitamin which promotes normal blood clotting is vitamin _____.

A) A

B)

B complex

C)

C

D)

K

38

A rich source of vitamin K is _____. A) spinach

B)

eggs

C)

wheat

D)

tomatoes

39

Which of the following is not a B complex vitamin? A) niacin

B)

riboflavin

C)

cyanocobalamin

D)

phylloquinone

40

Which of the following is most important vitamin for carbohydrate metabolism? A) vitamin C

B)

vitamin A

C)

B-complex vitamins

D)

ascorbic acid

41

Cocarboxylase is an enzyme that utilizes the vitamin _____ as part of its structure. A) thiamin

B)

niacin

C)

riboflavin

D)

folic acid

42

Alcoholics are particularly susceptible to develop a _____ deficiency. A) vitamin D

B)

vitamin E

C)

thiamin

D)

riboflavin

43

FAD is a metabolic coenzyme that requires _____ in its structure. A) vitamin C

B)

thiamine

C)

vitamin B2

D)

vitamin B1

44

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that can be used to synthesize the vitamin _____ in human cells.

A) riboflavin

B)

niacin

C)

cyanocobalamin

D)

folic acid

45

Coenzymes I and II have _____ as part of their structure.

A) folic acid

B)

pantothenate

C)niacin

D)

riboflavin

46

Which of these results from niacin deficiency?

A) beriberi

B)

rickets

C)

pellagra

D)

megaloblastic anemia

47

Pyridoxine is a chemical name for vitamin _____.

A) B6

B)

B12

C)

B1

D)

B2

48

Acetyl coenzyme A has _____ in its structure.

A) flavoprotein

B)

folic acid

C)

niacin

D)

pantothenic acid

49

Pernicious anemia will develop in the absence of intrinsic factor or vitamin _____.

A) B6

B)

folic acid

C)

E