Test Banks for Human Anatomy & Physiology, Exercises of Anatomy

Download Test Banks for Human Anatomy & Physiology and more Exercises Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity! 1 Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, 9e (Marieb) Chapter 1 The Human Body: An Orientation Short Answer Figure 1.1 Using Figure 1.1, identify the following: 1) Label A points to the __________ cavity. Answer: cranial Diff: 1 Page Ref: 20 2) Label B points to the __________ cavity. Answer: spinal Diff: 1 Page Ref: 20 3) Label C points to the __________ cavity. Answer: thoracic Diff: 1 Page Ref: 20 4) Label D points to the __________. Answer: diaphragm Diff: 1 Page Ref: 20 5) Label E points to the __________ cavity. Answer: abdominal Diff: 1 Page Ref: 20 6) Label F points to the __________ cavity. Answer: pelvic Diff: 1 Page Ref: 20 2 Fill in the blank or provide a short answer: 7) Groups of cells that have a common function are termed __________. Answer: tissues Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4 8) The larynx is an organ of the __________ system. Answer: respiratory Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7 9) The system that functions in the storage of minerals, such as calcium, is called the __________ system. Answer: skeletal Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4 10) The breakdown of ingested foods into simple molecules that can then be absorbed into the bloodstream is termed __________. Answer: digestion Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11 11) __________ refers to all of the chemical reactions in the body. Answer: Metabolism Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11 12) The ability to sense changes and react to them is termed __________ or __________. Answer: irritability; responsiveness Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11 13) The component of a control system that provides the means for the control center's response (output) is called the __________. Answer: effector Diff: 1 Page Ref: 12-13 14) The study of the body's small structures using a microscope is called __________. Answer: microscopic anatomy Diff: 1 Page Ref: 2 15) A control mechanism that responds to a stimulus by decreasing its intensity is called a __________ mechanism. Answer: negative feedback Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13 16) The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as __________. Answer: homeostasis Diff: 1 Page Ref: 12 17) The navel is __________ to the spine. Answer: ventral or anterior Diff: 2 Page Ref: 18 18) The armpit area is called the __________ region. Answer: axillary Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-17 5 37) Label D points to the __________ region. Answer: right lumbar Diff: 1 Page Ref: 21 38) Label E points to the __________ region. Answer: hypogastric Diff: 1 Page Ref: 21 39) Label F points to the __________ region. Answer: right iliac (inguinal) Diff: 1 Page Ref: 21 Multiple Choice 1) The study of the function of the body and body parts is called: A) anatomy B) physiology C) homeostasis D) negative feedback E) irritability Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 2 2) Which of the following activities does not represent an anatomical study: A) making a section through the heart to observe its interior B) examining the surface of a bone C) viewing muscle tissue through a microscope D) studying how the nerves conduct electrical impulses E) observing the parts of a reproducing cell Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 2 3) Which of the following is the correct sequence, going from simplest to most complex, in the levels of structural organization of the human body: A) chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level B) chemical level, tissue level, cellular level, organ system level, organ level, organismal level C) cellular level, chemical level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level D) cellular level, tissue level, chemical level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level E) cellular level, chemical level, tissue level, organ system level, organismal level, organ level Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 3-4 6 4) Which of these structures is the most complex: A) an organ B) a tissue C) a molecule D) organ system E) a cell Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 3-4 5) The lymphatic system: A) responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands B) picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to the blood C) synthesizes vitamin D D) produces heat E) secretes hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7 6) The system that takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide to the exterior is the: A) respiratory system B) cardiovascular system C) reproductive system D) muscular system E) urinary system Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7 7) The system that controls and coordinates the body through hormones is the: A) integumentary system B) skeletal system C) nervous system D) endocrine system E) digestive system Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7 8) The muscular system consists of the: A) skeletal muscles B) muscles of the heart C) muscles in the walls of hollow organs D) skeletal muscles and the muscles of the heart E) muscles of the heart and those in the walls of the hollow organs Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4 7 9) The ovary is part of which of the following two systems: A) digestive and endocrine systems B) digestive and respiratory systems C) reproductive and endocrine systems D) reproductive and respiratory systems E) endocrine and respiratory systems Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7 10) Which system covers the external surface of the body and manufactures vitamin D: A) endocrine system B) integumentary system C) nervous system D) lymphatic system E) skeletal system Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 4; 5 11) Elimination of metabolic wastes from the body is the function of the: A) digestive system B) urinary system C) respiratory system D) digestive and urinary systems E) digestive and respiratory systems Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 7 12) Which of the following is NOT a necessary life function: A) maintaining boundaries B) movement C) responsiveness D) nutrients E) metabolism Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 10-11 13) Which of the following systems is matched most accurately to the life function it provides: A) integumentary system - movement B) nervous system - excretion C) muscular system - maintaining boundaries D) nervous system - responsiveness E) respiratory system - digestion Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4-7 10 22) Which of the following regional terms means the anterior surface of the elbow: A) calcaneal region B) scapular region C) gluteal region D) vertebral region E) antecubital region Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 16 23) Sarah fell while ice skating and broke a bone in her carpal region. Where is this region? A) hip B) lower leg C) wrist D) shoulder E) knee Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 16-17 24) In describing the relationship between the patellar and popliteal regions: A) the patellar region is superior to the popliteal region B) the patellar region is proximal to the popliteal region C) the patellar region is distal to the popliteal region D) the patellar region is lateral to the popliteal region E) the patellar region is anterior to the popliteal region Answer: E Diff: 3 Page Ref: 16-17 25) In describing the relationship of the thoracic and spinal cavities: A) the thoracic cavity is superior to the spinal cavity B) the thoracic cavity is inferior to the spinal cavity C) the thoracic cavity is proximal to the spinal cavity D) the thoracic cavity is medial to the spinal cavity E) the thoracic cavity is ventral to the spinal cavity Answer: E Diff: 3 Page Ref: 20 26) The lungs and heart are in the __________ body cavity. A) dorsal B) spinal C) thoracic D) cranial E) abdominopelvic Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 20 11 27) The gluteal region is the: A) buttock B) shoulder blade region C) posterior knee area D) posterior surface of the head E) curve of the shoulder Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-17 28) The region that contains the navel is the: A) carpal region B) umbilical region C) inguinal region D) orbital region E) anterior knee Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-17; 21-22 29) The dorsal body cavity houses the: A) urinary and reproductive organs B) heart and lungs C) digestive and reproductive organs D) tongue E) spinal cord and brain Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 20 30) Which of these regions are associated with the parts of the arm: A) femoral, popliteal, patellar B) brachial, antecubital, carpal C) nasal, oral, occipital D) acromial, sacral, gluteal E) pelvic, pubic, inguinal Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 16-17 31) Which of these regions are NOT associated with the ventral (anterior) portion of the head: A) buccal B) oral C) orbital D) occiptal E) nasal Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 16-17 12 32) A section that divides the body on the longitudinal plane into equal right and left parts is called: A) median (midsagittal) B) frontal C) transverse D) oblique E) coronal Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17; 19 33) Which type of section could be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity: A) coronal B) sagittal C) dorsal D) ventral E) transverse Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: 17; 19 34) Which ventral cavity subdivision has no bony protection: A) thoracic B) pelvic C) abdominal D) cranial E) spinal Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 20 35) Which of these regions in the abdominopelvic cavity are medial: A) umbilical, right lumbar, and left lumbar regions B) epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric regions C) iliac (inguinal), lumbar, and hypogastric regions D) epigastric, right, and left hypochondriac regions E) right and left iliac (inguinal), and hypogastric regions Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 21; 22 36) The stomach, liver, intestines, bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs are housed in the: A) cranial cavity B) spinal cavity C) dorsal cavity D) abdominopelvic cavity E) thoracic cavity Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 20 15 Matching Match the following: 1) Inferior A) toward the midline Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 B) toward the side 2) Dorsal C) close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 3) Lateral Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 D) below 4) Deep E) in front of Diff: 2 Page Ref: 18 5) Distal F) farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk Diff: 3 Page Ref: 18 6) Medial G) away from the body surface Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 7) Superior H) toward the body surface Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 I) above 8) Proximal J) behind Diff: 2 Page Ref: 18 9) Ventral Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 1) D 2) J 3) B 4) G 5) F 6) A 7) I 8) C 9) E 16 Match the following: 10) Axillary A) thigh Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-17 B) anterior knee 11) Tarsal C) navel Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-17 12) Coxal D) area where thigh meets body trunk Diff: 2 Page Ref: 16-17 13) Orbital E) mouth Diff: 2 Page Ref: 16-17 F) hip 14) Inguinal G) armpit Diff: 2 Page Ref: 16-17 15) Umbilical H) eye area Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-17 I) ankle 16) Oral J) posterior knee area Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-17 17) Femoral Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-17 18) Patellar Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-17 19) Popliteal Diff: 1 Page Ref: 16-17 10) G 11) I 12) F 13) H 14) D 15) C 16) E 17) A 18) B 19) J 17 Match the following. 20) Slow-acting body control system A) skeletal system Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4-7 B) muscular system 21) Houses blood cells involved in immunity C) urinary system Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4-7 D) endocrine system 22) Site of hematopoiesis E) lymphatic system Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4-7 F) nervous system 23) Regulation of water and electrolytes G) digestive system Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4-7 H) respiratory system 24) Heat production Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4-7 25) Responds to stimuli (internal and external) Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4-7 20) D 21) E 22) A 23) C 24) B 25) F Essay 1) Distinguish between anatomy and physiology. Answer: Anatomy is the study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts, and their relationships to one another. Physiology is the study of how the body and its parts work or function. Diff: 1 Page Ref: 2 2) List, and briefly define, the human body's organization levels from smallest to largest. Answer: 1. chemical level: a. atoms are the basic building blocks of matter b. molecules are units formed by atoms combining 2. cellular level: cells are the smallest living unit in living organisms 3. tissue level: tissues are groupings of cells performing a common function 4. organ level: an organ is a structure consisting of two or more tissue types 5. organ system level: an organ system describes a group of organs functioning cooperatively for a common purpose 6. organism level: a human organism consists of all of the organ systems of the body working together to promote healthy functioning (homeostasis) Diff: 1 Page Ref: 3-4