The Importance of Renewable Energy in Sustainable Development, Exams of Nursing

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EPSY Final Exam questions with complete solutions Academic Language (180) - correct answer ✔✔The entire range of language used in elementary, secondary, and university-level schools including words, concepts, strategies, and processes from academic subjects Balanced Lingualize (177) - correct answer ✔✔Adding a second language capability without losing your heritage language Bilingual (175) - correct answer ✔✔Speaking two languages and dealing appropriately in the face of contradictory evidence Code-Switching (184) - correct answer ✔✔Moving between two speech forms Critical Periods (175) - correct answer ✔✔If learning doesn't happen during these periods, it never will Cultural Deficit Model (186) - correct answer ✔✔A model that explains the school achievement problems of ethnic minority students by assuming that their culture in inadequate and does not prepare them to succeed in school Dialect (182) - correct answer ✔✔Any variety of language spoken by a particular group Emergent Literacy (171) - correct answer ✔✔The skills and knowledge, usually developed in the preschool years, that are the foundation for the development of reading and writing English as a Second Language (ESL) (189) - correct answer ✔✔The classes devoted to teaching ELL students English English Language Learners (ELL) (186) - correct answer ✔✔Students who are learning English when their primary or heritage language is not English Expressive Vocabulary (169) - correct answer ✔✔The words a person can use in speaking Funds of Knowledge (196) - correct answer ✔✔Knowledge that families and community members have acquired in many areas of work, home, and religious life that can become the basis for teaching Genderlects (184) - correct answer ✔✔Different ways of talking for males and females Generation 1.5 (188) - correct answer ✔✔Students whose characteristics, educational experiences, and language fluencies are somewhere in between those of students born in the United States and students who are recent immigrants Heritage Language (176) - correct answer ✔✔The language spoken in the student's home or by members of the family Immigrants (185) - correct answer ✔✔People who voluntarily leave their country to become permanent residents in a new place Inside-Out Skills (172) - correct answer ✔✔The emergent literacy skills of knowledge of graphemes, phonological awareness, syntactic awareness, phoneme-grapheme correspondence, and emergent writing Limited-English-Proficient (LEP) (189) - correct answer ✔✔A term also used for students who are learning English when their primary or heritage language is not English- not the preferred term because of the negative connotations Melting Pot (185) - correct answer ✔✔A metaphor for the absorption and assimilation of immigrants into the mainstream of society so that ethnic differences vanish Metalinguistic Awareness (171) - correct answer ✔✔Understanding about one's own use of language Pragmatics (237) - correct answer ✔✔The rules for when and how to use language to be an effective communicator in a particular culture Prejudice (220) - correct answer ✔✔Prejudgment of irrational generalization about an entire category of people Race (217) - correct answer ✔✔A socially constructed category based on appearances and ancestry Resilience (233) - correct answer ✔✔The ability to adapt successfully in spite of difficult circumstances and threats to development Resistance Culture (213) - correct answer ✔✔Group values and beliefs about refusing to adopt the behaviors and attitudes of the majority culture Sexual Identity (224) - correct answer ✔✔A complex combination of beliefs about gender roles and sexual orientation Socioeconomic Status, SES (211) - correct answer ✔✔Relative standing in the society based on income, power, background, and prestige Sociolinguistics (237) - correct answer ✔✔The study of the formal and informal rules for how, when, about what, to whom, and how long to speak in conversations within cultural groups Stereotype (221) - correct answer ✔✔Schema that organizes knowledge or perceptions about a category Stereotype Threat (222) - correct answer ✔✔The extra emotional and cognitive burden that your performance in an academic situation might confirm a stereotype that others hold about you Tracking (215) - correct answer ✔✔Assignment to different classes and academic experiences based on achievement Academic Learning Time (474) - correct answer ✔✔Time when students are actually succeeding at the learning task Action Zone (481) - correct answer ✔✔Area of a classroom where the greatest amount of interaction takes place Allocated Time (474) - correct answer ✔✔Time set aside for learning Assertive Discipline (497) - correct answer ✔✔Clear, firm, unhostile response style Classroom Management (473) - correct answer ✔✔Techniques used to maintain a healthy learning environment, relatively free of behavior problems Culturally Responsive Management (501) - correct answer ✔✔Taking cultural meanings and styles into account when developing management plans and responding to students Empathetic Listening (496) - correct answer ✔✔Hearing the intent and emotions behind what another says and reflecting them back by paraphrasing Engaged Time/Time on Task (474) - correct answer ✔✔Time spent actively engaged in the learning task at hand Group Focus (486) - correct answer ✔✔The ability to keep as many students as possible involved in activities "I" Message (497) - correct answer ✔✔Clear, nonaccusatory statement of how something is affecting you Movement Management (486) - correct answer ✔✔Keeping lessons and the group moving at an appropriate (and flexible) pace, with smooth transitions and variety Natural/Logical Consequences (479) - correct answer ✔✔Instead of punishing, have students redo, repair, or in some way face the consequences that naturally flow from their actions Overlapping (486) - correct answer ✔✔Supervising several activities at once Paraphrase Rule (495) - correct answer ✔✔Policy whereby listeners must accurately summarize what a speaker has said before being allowed to respond Participation Structures (474) - correct answer ✔✔The formal and informal rules for how to take part in a given activity Procedures/Routines (476) - correct answer ✔✔Prescribed steps for an activity Rules (478) - correct answer ✔✔Statements specifying expected and forbidden behaviors; dos and don'ts Self-Management (475) - correct answer ✔✔Management of your own behavior and acceptance of responsibility for your own actions; Also the use of behavioral learning principles to change your own behavior Warm Demanders (501) - correct answer ✔✔Effective teachers with African American students who show both high expectations and great caring for their students Withitness (485) - correct answer ✔✔According to Kounin, awareness of everything happening in a classroom Active Teaching (519) - correct answer ✔✔Teaching characterized by high levels of teacher explanation, demonstration, and interaction with students Adaptive Teaching (532) - correct answer ✔✔Provides all students with challenging instruction and uses supports when needed, but removes these supports as students become able to handle more on their own Seatwork (523) - correct answer ✔✔Independent classroom work Self-Fulfilling Prophecy (538) - correct answer ✔✔A groundless expectation that is confirmed because it has been expected Sustaining Expectation Effect (538) - correct answer ✔✔Student performance is maintained at a certain level because teachers don't recognize improvements Taxonomy (515) - correct answer ✔✔Classification system Universal Design (536) - correct answer ✔✔Considering the needs of all users in the design of new tools, learning programs, or web sites Within-Class Ability Grouping (531) - correct answer ✔✔Systems of grouping in which students in a class are divided into two or three groups based on ability in an attempt to accommodate student differences Accountable (578) - correct answer ✔✔Making teachers and schools responsible for student learning, usually by monitoring learning with high-stakes tests Achievement Tests (580) - correct answer ✔✔Standardized tests measuring how much students have learned in a given content area Adequate Yearly Progress, AYP (578) - correct answer ✔✔Objectives for yearly improvement for all students and for specific groups such as students from major ethnic and racial groups, students with disabilities, students from low-income families, and students whose English is limited Assessment (549) - correct answer ✔✔Procedures used to obtain information about student performance Assessment Bias (553) - correct answer ✔✔Qualities of an assessment instrument that offend or unfairly penalize a group of students because of the students' gender, SES, race, ethnicity, etc Authentic Assessments (558) - correct answer ✔✔Assessment procedures that test skills and abilities as they would be applied in real-life situations Central Tendency (572) - correct answer ✔✔Typical score for a group of scores Classroom Assessments (548) - correct answer ✔✔Classroom assessments are selected and created by teachers and can take many different forms - unit tests, essays, portfolios, projects, performances, oral presentations, etc Confidence Interval (552) - correct answer ✔✔Range of scores within which an individual's true score is likely to fall Criterion-Referenced Grading (566) - correct answer ✔✔Assessment of each student's mastery of course objectives Criterion-Referenced Testing (550) - correct answer ✔✔Testing in which scores are compared to a set performance standard Culture-Fair/Culture-Free Test (554) - correct answer ✔✔A test without cultural bias Distractors (556) - correct answer ✔✔Wrong answers offered as choices in a multiple-choice item Exhibition (560) - correct answer ✔✔A performance test or demonstration of learning that is public and usually takes an extended time to prepare Formative Assessment (549) - correct answer ✔✔Ungraded testing used before or during instruction to aid in planning and diagnosis Grade-Equivalent Score (574) - correct answer ✔✔Measure of grade level based on comparison with norming samples from each grade Grading On the Curve (566) - correct answer ✔✔Norm-referenced grading that compares students' performance to an average level High-Stakes Testing (578) - correct answer ✔✔Standardized tests whose results have powerful influences when used by school administrators, other officials, or employers to make decisions Informal Assessments (564) - correct answer ✔✔Ungraded (formative) assessments that gather information from multiple sources to help teachers make decisions Mean (572) - correct answer ✔✔Arithmetical average Measurement (549) - correct answer ✔✔An evaluation expressed in quantitative (number) terms Median (572) - correct answer ✔✔Middle score in a group of scores Mode (572) - correct answer ✔✔Most frequently occurring score Norm Group (550) - correct answer ✔✔Large sample of students serving as a comparison group for scoring tests Norm-Referenced Grading (566) - correct answer ✔✔Assessment of student's achievement in relation to one another Norm-Referenced Testing (550) - correct answer ✔✔Testing in which scores are compared with the average performance of others Normal Distribution (573) - correct answer ✔✔The most commonly occurring distribution, in which scores are distributed evenly around the mean Objective Testing (554) - correct answer ✔✔Multiple-choice, matching, true/false, short-answer, and fill- in tests; scoring answers does not require interpretation