Hawaiian Alphabet and Spelling Rules, Lecture notes of Science education

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The pīʻāpā ʻōiwi (Hawaiian alphabet) consists of 5 vowels and 8 consonants: nā woela (vowels) – a, e, i, o, u nā koneka (consonants) – h, k, l, m, n, p, w, ʻ vowel pronunciation guide: a – a bove (aloha, Hawaiʻi) e – b e t (ʻelepaio, Pele) i – e asy (Hilo, Hawaiʻi) o – p o le (Kona, Kohala, Honolulu) u – m oo n (Puna, lehua) The ʻokina is a glottal stop, as in the word oh-oh. It’s written as a backwards apostrophe (ʻ) like a single open quote or a tiny number 6. laʻana (example): Hale ʻIkena, Hale Kuamoʻo, Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani, Nā Pua Noʻeau, Kaʻū, Keaʻau The kahakō is a macron. It elongates a vowel, as in the word Kaʻū. It’s

written as a line above a vowel (-) as in ā, ē, ī, ō, ū.

laʻana: Nā Pua Noʻeau, Aʻohōkū, Kāwili, Kaʻū Here are some rules to follow when spelling in Hawaiian:

1. Every word has at least one vowel.
2. There are no consonant clusters.
3. Words cannot end with a consonant.
4. A kahakō only occurs over a vowel. Put a check next to the combinations of letters below which violate one or more Hawaiian spelling rules and write the number(s) of the corresponding rule(s) that is/are being broken:
5. iʻa 2. klipa 3. mahana
6. molow 5. uōuō 6. wale
7. pāpale 8. hilo 9. oʻlu
8. uluʻ 11. kp 12. ʻaeʻa

The hakalama is a Hawaiian syllabary used to teach spelling and pronunciation by syllables. It is made up of 9 0 huahakalama (syllabary symbols). There are 80 consonant-vowel clusters and 10 vowel sounds. In the name Kamehameha, there are 5 huahakalama: Ka | me | ha | me | ha. Count and identify the huahakalama used to spell each word below: huahakalama # of huahakalama

1. mālama mā – la – ma 3
2. moʻo
3. haʻaheo
4. kalahea
5. ʻImiloa
6. aloha
7. kuamoʻo
8. mahalo
9. Kūhiō
10. Keʻelikōlani It’s helpful to use hakalama when pronouncing Hawaiian words. Here is a list of words that are commonly mispronounced. Practice using hakalama to pronounce these words first incorrectly then correctly. Can you hear the difference? Incorrect Correct kuliana kuleana (responsibility) poki poke (way of preparing raw fish) maili maile (native twining shrub) pikaki pīkake (a flower) lilikoe lilikoʻi (a fruit) Hanalulu Honolulu (place) Kameamea Kamehameha (a chief)