The Roots and Evolution of Rock and Roll, Exams of History of Music

Download The Roots and Evolution of Rock and Roll and more Exams History of Music in PDF only on Docsity! History of Rock and Roll exam 1 || 45 QUESTIONS|| CORRECT ANSWERS|| VERIFIED|| The roots of rock and roll - ANSWER run deep in folk and popular music of the 20th century, draws from jazz, gospel, blues, blue grass, country, 1920s' radio, R&B. It just kind of happened once cultures joined. Indi radio companies helped spread it. The first rock and roll albums came out around 1950ish but rock and roll started before the albums came out. In 1945 after the WWII the country was in a good place for rock and roll Country Western - ANSWER Bill Monroe: "The Father of Blue Grass" Western Swing - ANSWER Bob Wills and His Texas Play Boys: "The King of Western Swing" first to use drums and amps Rural Blues - ANSWER Robert Johnson: "King of Mississippi Delta Blues" important guitar player "sold his soul to the devil" for his talent died at the age of 27 his song was "Crossroad Blues" Boogie-Woogie Piano - ANSWER Pete Johnson: one of the great piano players Jazz, Swing Era, Big Band - ANSWER Lionel Hampton: up beat music Cab Calloway: Jazz singer, band leader, scat Classic Blues - ANSWER Bessie Smith: biggest name of the 1920s', Janis Joplin was influenced by her Gospel Music - ANSWER Thomas Dorsey: "The Father of Gospel Music" Rock and Roll - ANSWER (another name for Rhyme/Blues) Country/Western Blue Grass Boogie-Woogie Rural/Classic Blues Gospel Jazz/Swing Popular Songs First Rock and Roll Record - ANSWER Rocket 88: Jackie Brenton and Ike Turner 1951 Rocket 88 - ANSWER By Jackie Brenton and Ike Turner Turner was the pianist/guitarist, from the Mississippi Delta. in the style of the Jump Bands from the coast (Louis Jordan). Boogie-woogie beat. song about a car (influenced Chuck Berry, The Beach Boys). Swing, Jazzy. Sixty Minute Man - ANSWER By Billy Ward and His Dominos 1951. First R&B hit to crossover to pop charts. First double-entendre to hit the pop charts. First million seller by a formative R&B vocal group. Double-entendre have been around since the 40s'. Sung in pool halls and rent parties (people would throw parties with live music and charge people to come and listen when they needed rent money). Showed what R&R could be if you take it all the way. Liberation through energy/audacity. Little Richard broke the conventions of R&B while Jerry Lee Lewis changed country music. Pat Boone - ANSWER The "King of Covers" Chicago - ANSWER Promised land for migrating black from the south around WWII. Exodus included many bluesmen from Mississippi Delta. Delta blues became amplified in Chicago. Area south of Chicago was known as little Mississippi. Chess Records began in the late 40s' by Leonard and Phil Chess. Polish born immigrants. Chess was the most stable of the Chicago blues labels. Transplanted southern most included the following: Muddy Waters, Howlin' Wolf, Willie Dixon, Sonny Boy Williamson. Chess Brothers realized blues needed to break into pop charts. Hound Dog - ANSWER Written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller for Big Mama Thornton 1953. Country, blues, rich with gospel. Voice is alive and vivid. Precedes Elvis' recording. Major influence for Janic Joplin. Rock Around the Clock - ANSWER Billy Haley and the Comets. Most people think its the first Rock and Roll song, but its not. First to go to #1 on Billboard pop charts. It punctured a hole in the smug of conformity of 1950s'. Sound track of the movie Blackboard Jungle. First important white rock song. Joe Turner - ANSWER Vocalist/saxophonist. Innovator of the Jump Band. Group known as The Tympani Five Athletic choreography (jump) in horn line. Influenced Haley, Berry, BB King Music appealed to both black and white. Jump Band grew out of swing. T Bone Walker - ANSWER Guitarist/Vocalists. First to popularize the electric guitar in R&B. First to realize the instruments dramatic potential. At age 14 dancer/singer in medicine shows. Influenced Chuck Berry and Jimi Hendrix. Worked with Cab Calloway. Muddy Waters - ANSWER Really Important. Formal name McKinley Morganfield. Originator of Chicago Blues sound. All instruments electrified (wailing harmonica). Played a major influence on many rock bands (especially British). Influenced Eric Clapton, John Mayall, Mick Jagger, and many more. Bo Diddley - ANSWER Born December 30 1928, Died June 2, 2008. Real name Otha Ellis Bates. AKA Ellis McDaniel (song writing credit). Moved to Chicago in 1934. Nicknamed by schoolmates Bo Diddley (the southern instrument the diddley-bow). Instruments: guitar, violin, trombone. Self taught using open tuning guitar. Mid 50s' played south side of Chicago. Frank kirkland, drums/Jerome Green, Maracas. Green was his sidekick and alter ego. The Bo Diddley Beat. Known for the distinctive rhythm pattern called "The Bo Diddley Beat". Traced back to the "hambone" beat and the "ring shout" of slavery. Bing band era called it the "shave and a haircut- two bits"beat. Has a latin feel. Primary inspiration for many rock tunes. Songs: Bo Diddley 1955, I'm a Man 1955. Chuck Berry - ANSWER Born October 18th 1926 St Louis Mo. Run ins with the law in his youth. Was a hair dresser (brief employment). Gained a reputation as a guitarist around St Louis. Played with Sir John's Trio early 50s'. Influenced by John Johnson (pianist). House band at the Cosmopolitan Club in east St. Louis. Changed to Chuck Berry combo due to popularity. Group played blues/ Nat King Cole ballads. Joking "hillbilly" songs become the crowd pleasers. Frequent request for this, wanted to dance. Important innovations: -very definition of R&R -articulated the concerns and attitudes of its audience -helped established R&R as a musical form in itself -established the guitar as the rock instrument -first great rock poet -broke through the color-barriers First cousin is Jimmy Swaggert. Deep religious background (Pentecostal). Expelled from S.W. Bible Institute for playing hymns with a boogie-woogie bass. Carried conflict between music/religion throughout his career. Influenced by the great barrelhouse piano players in New Orleans. Little Richard on steroids. Known as "The Killer". Great showmen. Piano played in concert always took a beating. Appeared on the Steve Allen Show in 1957. Viewers shocked at how he mistreated the instruments. Viewed as Elvis' rival. Outlandish image was a perfect foil to Elvis's increased respectability. "Great Balls of Fire" 1957. Married his 13 year old cousin in December of 1957. Was his third wife of seven. Status of one of his previous marriages questioned. Branded a "Baby Snatcher". Forced to cancel his European tour. Revitalized his career in the mid 60s' as a country star. Jerry Lee Lewis gave R&R soul and he sold his for R&R. In photo with Elvis, Carl Perkins, and Johnny Cash. Million dollar quartet. Rock Styles Expand, Pushed awards pop charts - ANSWER 1958-1963. Late 50s' transitional period between initial R&R and teen idol period. a second wave appears in 1957. Elvis (at RCA) brought R&R to a much wider audience. New comers had clean-cut image- broadened the appeal. Sexual overtones of the music was fading-replaced by hummable tunes. But the beat was not gone. 3 transitional Rockabilly artists: -Ricky Nelson -Buddy Holly -Eddie Cochran Ricky Nelson - ANSWER Grew up in front of the nation as "Little Ricky". The adventures Ozzie and Harriet. His actual family in the sitcom. "America's Darling" before he even sang a note. Talented musician- know what he wanted. Made consistently good records from 1957 to 1963. Singing worked into the plots of the show. Put R&R music into America's living room. "LA Rockabilly" style in some of his music (not from the south). Too early for teen idol crowd. "I'm Walking", "Hello Marry Lou", "Lonesome Town". Career overshadowed by British invasion. Ozzie and Harriet went off air in 1966. Formed the Stone Canyon Band in 1969. Did not want to be an old act. Rock revival show in 1972 Madison Square Garden- jeered by older crowd. Wrote Garden Party- his last top ten hit 1972. Killed in a plane crash December 31, 1985. Buddy Holly - ANSWER Last of the 50s' giants. Similar interest in combing country with pop. Pointed the music toward the first rock band. Not fully realized until the Beatles. First major white artist to write/produce his music. First to use the studio as an instrument. Explored the techniques of sound and production. Vocal techniques, stretched syllables and hiccups. Popularized by the Fender Stratocaster. "Boy Next Door" image (not sexy, geeky). Music was pure and simple. Born in Lubbock Texas September 7th 1983. Easy love of C and W, and Western Swing. Embraced Rockabilly/imitated Elvis as best he could. "Oh Boy". The Crickets. The Crickets - ANSWER Prototype for a self-contained rock band. Two guitar/ bass/ drums combination. Set the standard for British Bands. Revered in England. The name inspired the Beatles and Hollies? Beatles recorded "That'll be the day" in 1958 in a small studio in Liverpool. February 3rd 1959 "The Day the Music Died". A plane crashed and him and his band died. Eddie Cochran - ANSWER Born Oklahoma in 1938. Gained more fame in England then America. Major influence on British guitar player. Early development of the power chord sound. Style (musical, vocal, fashion) strongly influenced by Elvis. Appeared in "The Girl Can Get it" (Big-budget rock pollination film).