The U.S. Constitution and Government: Key Concepts and Supreme Court Cases, Exams of Nursing

Download The U.S. Constitution and Government: Key Concepts and Supreme Court Cases and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! FLORIDA CIVIC LITERACY TEST EXAM 2024 What is the supreme law of the land - Precise Answer ✔✔▪The constitution What does the constitution do? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ sets up the government ▪ defines the government ▪ protects basic rights of Americans The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ We the people What is an amendment? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ a change (to the Constitution) ▪ an addition (to the Constitution) What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ The Bill of Rights What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment?* - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ Speech ▪ Religion ▪ Assembly ▪Press ▪ Petition the government How many amendments does the Constitution have? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ twenty-seven (27) What did the Declaration of Independence do? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ announced our independence (from Great Britain) ▪ declared our independence (from Great Britain) ▪ said that the United States is free (from Great Britain) What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ life ▪ liberty ▪ pursuit of happiness What is freedom of religion? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion. What is the economic system in the United States?* - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ capitalist economy Why do some states have more Representatives than other states? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪(because of) the states population ▪(because) they have more people ▪(because) some states have more people We elect a President for how many years? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ four (4) In what month do we vote for President?* - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ November What is the name of the President of theUnited States now?* - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ Donald J Trump What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ Mike Pence If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ The Vice President If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ The speaker of the House Who is the Commander in Chief of the military? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ the President Who signs bills to become laws? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ the President Who vetoes bills? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪The President What does the President's Cabinet do? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪advises the President What are two Cabinet-level positions? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ Secretary of Agriculture ▪ Secretary of Commerce ▪ Secretary of Defense ▪ Secretary of Education ▪ Secretary of Energy ▪ Secretary of Health and Human Services ▪ Secretary of Homeland Security ▪ Secretary of Housing and Urban Development ▪ Secretary of the Interior ▪ Secretary of Labor ▪ Secretary of State ▪ Secretary of Transportation ▪ Secretary of the Treasury ▪ Secretary of Veterans Affairs ▪ Attorney General ▪ Vice President What does the judicial branch do? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ reviews laws ▪ explains laws ▪ resolves disputes (disagreements) ▪ decides if a law goes against the Constitution What is the highest court in the United States? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ the Supreme Court How many justices are on the Supreme Court? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ nine (9) Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ John Roberts (John G. Roberts, Jr.) Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪To print money ▪To declare war ▪To create an army ▪To make treaties What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪give up loyalty to other countries ▪defend the constitution and laws of the United States ▪Obey the laws of the United States ▪Serve in the U.S military( if needed) ▪Serve (do important work for) the nation ▪ be loyal to the United States How old do citizens have to be to vote for President?* - Precise Answer ✔✔▪18 and older What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪vote ▪join a political party ▪help with a campaign ▪join a community group ▪join a civic group ▪run for office ▪write to a newspaper When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms?* - Precise Answer ✔✔▪April 15 When must all men register for the Selective Service? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪at age 18 ▪btw 18 and 26 What is one reason colonists came to America? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ freedom ▪ political liberty ▪ religious freedom ▪ economic opportunity ▪ practice their religion ▪ escape persecution Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ American Indians ▪ Native Americans What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪Africans ▪people from Africa Why did the colonists fight the British? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ because of high taxes (taxation without representation) ▪ because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering) ▪ because they didn't have self-government Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ (Thomas) Jefferson When was the Declaration of Independence adopted? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ July 4, 1776 There were 13 original states. Name three. - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ New Hampshire ▪ Massachusetts ▪ Rhode Island ▪ Connecticut ▪ New York ▪ New Jersey ▪ Pennsylvania ▪ Delaware ▪ Maryland ▪ Virginia ▪ North Carolina ▪ South Carolina ▪ Georgia What happened at the Constitutional Convention? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ The Constitution was written. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ freed the slaves ▪ freed slaves in the Confederacy ▪ freed slaves in the Confederate states ▪ freed slaves in most Southern states What did Susan B. Anthony do? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ fought for women's rights ▪ fought for civil rights Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.* - Precise Answer ✔✔▪World War 1 ▪World War 2 ▪Korean war ▪Vietnam war ▪(Persian) Gulf war Who was President during World War I? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ (Woodrow) Wilson Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪(Franklin) Roosevelt Who did the United States fight in World War II? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ Japan, Germany, and Italy Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪World War 2 During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪Communism What movement tried to end racial discrimination? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ civil rights (movement) What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ fought for civil rights ▪ worked for equality for all Americans What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪Terrorists attacked the United States Name one American Indian tribe in the United States. - Precise Answer ✔✔▪Cherokee ▪Seminole ▪Crow ▪Navajo ▪Sioux ▪Chippewa ▪Choctaw ▪Pueblo ▪Apache ▪Iroquois ▪Creek ▪Blackfeet ▪Cheyenne ▪Arawak ▪Shawnee ▪Mohegan ▪Huron Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States. - Precise Answer ✔✔▪Missouri (river) ▪Mississippi (River) What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪Pacific (ocean) What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States? - Precise Answer ✔✔▪Atlantic (ocean) Name one U.S. territory. - Precise Answer ✔✔▪ Puerto Rico ▪ U.S. Virgin Islands ▪ American Samoa ▪ Martin Luther King, Jr. Day ▪ Presidents' Day ▪ Memorial Day ▪ Independence Day ▪ Labor Day ▪ Columbus Day ▪ Veterans Day ▪ Thanksgiving ▪ Christmas Brown v. Board of Education - Precise Answer ✔✔▪1954 case that overturned Separate but Equal standard of discrimination in education. ▪Her family believed that the segregated school system violated the 14th Amendment and took their case to court. Dred Scott v. Sanford - Precise Answer ✔✔▪The case that ruled that slaves were property and could not sue ▪Violated the 5th amendment ▪helped bring on the civil war Gibbons v. Ogden - Precise Answer ✔✔▪Regulating interstate commerce is a power reserved to the federal government Gideon v. Wainwright - Precise Answer ✔✔▪a landmark case in United States Supreme Court history. In the case, the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that state courts are required under the Sixth Amendment of the Constitution to provide counsel in criminal cases for defendants unable to afford their own attorneys. Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier - Precise Answer ✔✔▪School newspapers can be censored by teachers and administrators ▪The journalism students felt that this censorship was a direct violation of their First Amendment rights. The Supreme Court decided that Principal Reynolds had the right to such editorial decisions, as he had "legitimate pedagogical concerns." Korematsu v. US - Precise Answer ✔✔▪1944 Supreme Court case where the Supreme Court upheld the order providing for the relocation of Japanese Americans. It was not until 1988 that Congress formally apologized and agreed to pay $20,000 2 each survivor ▪Korematsu argued that Executive Order 9066 was unconstitutional and that it violated the Fifth Amendment. The Fifth Amendmentwas selected over the Fourteenth Amendment due to the lack of federal protections in the Fourteenth Amendment. He was arrested and convicted. Mapp v. Ohio - Precise Answer ✔✔▪Established the exclusionary rule was applicable to the states (evidence seized illegally cannot be used in court) ▪Violation of the 4th amendment Marbury v. Madison - Precise Answer ✔✔▪This case establishes the Supreme Court's power of Judicial Review McCulloch v. Maryland - Precise Answer ✔✔▪Maryland was trying to tax the national bank and Supreme Court ruled that federal law was stronger than the state law ▪ Miranda v. Arizona - Precise Answer ✔✔as▪Supreme Court held that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to consult with an attorney and of their right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police. ▪Violated the 5th amendment and his 6th, right to an attorney ▪Case topic: self-incrimination, due process New Jersey v. TLO - Precise Answer ✔✔▪students may be searched without a warrant if there is "reasonable ground" for doing so. ▪argued her 4th amendment rights ▪Case topic: Student search and seizure Plessy v. Ferguson - Precise Answer ✔✔▪"separate but equal" doctrine supreme court upheld the constitutionally of jim crow laws ▪argued in court that the Act violated the 13th and 14th Amendments