The U.S. Constitution and Key Supreme Court Cases, Exams of Engineering

Download The U.S. Constitution and Key Supreme Court Cases and more Exams Engineering in PDF only on Docsity! FLORIDA CIVIC LITERACY EXAM Questions and Correct Detailed Answers ALREADY Latest Updates 2024 How did the U.S. Constitution solve a problem created by the Articles of Confederation? a. It avoided the issue of states' rights. b. It allowed the states to elect representatives. c. It prevented the amendment of federal laws. d. It enabled the federal government to collect taxes. - ANSWER-d. It enabled the federal government to collect taxes. The illustration below shows a legal document. Why are citizens obligated to respond to such documents? a. to guarantee court hearings remain public. b. to guarantee courts provide probable cause. c. to protect the constitutional right to be tried by one's peers. d. to protect the constitutional right to confront one's accuser. - ANSWER-c. to protect the constitutional right to be tried by one's peers. What plays a role in determining how electoral voters are distributed among the states? a. the census. b. the conventions. c. the primary vote. d. the popular vote. - ANSWER-d. the popular vote. The poster below was created in 1917. Which type of communication is shown in this poster? a. accurate. b. biased. c. informational. d. propagandized. - ANSWER-d. propagandized. The U.S. government is a member of which organization? a. United Nations. b. European Union. c. World Wildlife Fund. d. International Red Cross. - ANSWER-a. United Nations Which executive authority can be exercised by both the Florida Governor and a mayor in Florida? a. Both appoint justices to the Florida Supreme Court. b. Both may call up the Florida National Guard. c. Both enforce laws in their jurisdictions. d. Both interpret laws in their courts. - ANSWER-c. Both enforce laws in their jurisdictions. Who is the "Father of Our Country"? a. Patrick Henry. b. Thomas Jefferson. c. George Washington. d. Abraham Lincoln. - ANSWER-c. George Washington. What happened at the Constitutional Convention? a. The Declaration of Independence was written. b. The Constitution was written. c. The Emancipation Proclamation was written. d. The Virginia Declaration of Rights was written. - ANSWER-b. The Constitution was written. What are the two major political parties in the United States? a. American and Blue-Moose. What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States? a. Indian Ocean. b. Atlantic Ocean. c. Arctic Ocean. d. Pacific Ocean. - ANSWER-b. Atlantic Ocean. What is an amendment? a. the beginning of the Declaration of Independence. b. a change (to the Constitution). c. the Preamble to the Constitution. d. an introduction. - ANSWER-b. a change (to the Constitution). How many U.S. Senators are there? a. fifty-two (52). b. four hundred thirty-five (435). c. one hundred (100). d. fifty (50). - ANSWER-c. one hundred (100). Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II? a. Harry Truman. b. Calvin Coolidge. c. Franklin Roosevelt. d. Herbert Hoover. - ANSWER-c. Franklin Roosevelt. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them. a. Citizens seventeen (17) and older can vote. b. Citizens by birth only can vote. c. Only citizens with a job can vote. d. Citizens eighteen (18) and older can vote. - ANSWER-d. Citizens eighteen (18) and older can vote. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers. a. John Adams. b. James Madison. c. George Washington. c. Thomas Jefferson. - ANSWER-b. James Madison. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years? a. four (4). b. eight (8). c. two (2). d. six (6). - ANSWER-c. two (2). Name one U.S. territory. a. Cayman Islands. b. Haiti. c. Bermuda. d. Guam. - ANSWER-d. Guam. Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in? a. Spanish-American War. b. Vietnam War. c. Civil War. d. World War II. - ANSWER-d. World War II. Why did the colonists fight the British? a. because they didn't have self-government. b. all of these answers. c. because of high taxes. d. because the British army stayed in their houses. - ANSWER-b. all of these answers. When was the Constitution written? a. 1789. b. 1787. c. 1776. d. 1790. - ANSWER-b. 1787. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s. a. World War I. b. Korean War. c. World War II. d. Mexican-American War. - ANSWER-d. Mexican-American War. What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence? a. life and death. b. life and the right to own a home. a. the governor b. a county supervisor of elections. c. the city commissioner. - ANSWER-b. a county supervisor of elections. Who is the chief executive in a state? a. the governor. b. the president. c. a senator. - ANSWER-b. the president. Congress creates laws, but those laws can be vetoed by the president or overturned by the Supreme Court. This is an example of a Constitutional principle known as: a. Compromise. b. Checks and Balances. c. Federalism. - ANSWER-b. Checks and Balances. Articles one, two, and three in the Constitution reflect which constitutional principle: a. life, liberty, and property. b. separation of powers. c. universal adult suffrage. - ANSWER-b. separation of powers. Which part of the U.S. Constitution declares it to be the supreme law of the land? a. Article VI. b. Amendment 14. c. Bill of rights. - ANSWER-a. Article VI. The concept of self-government can be found in: a. the Bill of Rights. b. the preamble beginning with "we the people". c. Amendment 14. - ANSWER-b. the preamble beginning with "we the people". How many amendments have been added to the Constitution? a. 27. b. 19. c. 10. - ANSWER-a. 27. Which of the following best describes the concept of 'rule of law': a. No one is above the law, including government and elected officials. b. There is a code of law, but if you pay more taxes, it doesn't apply to you. c. There is a law, but sometimes government officials must circumvent the law. - ANSWER-a. No one is above the law, including government and elected officials. Which of the following best describes federalism: a. a system where the states have all the power and the federal government is very weak. b. a dual system of sovereignty where both national and state governments have authority. c. a system where the central government has all the power and states have no power. - ANSWER-b. a dual system of sovereignty where both national and state governments have authority. What is the purpose of the 22nd amendment: a. Limits the president to two terms. b. Protected the right to vote for women. c. Ended prohibition. - ANSWER-a. Limits the president to two terms. Which amendments expanded protections for voting rights (check all that apply): a. the Bill of Rights. b. 14, 15, 19, and 26. c. 15, 19, 24, and 26. - ANSWER-c. 15, 19, 24, and 26. The Constitution established a system of "dual sovereignty," under which the states have surrendered some of their powers to the federal government, but also retained some sovereignty. All other powers were to be held by the states, local communities, or the people themselves in a concept known as: a. Compromise b. Federalism c. Checks and Balances - ANSWER-b. Federalism The Constitution used the Virginia Plan's two-house, or "bicameral," legislature, but it accorded proportional representation in the House of Representatives and equal representation in the Senate. This feature of Congress is a result of: a. The 3/5ths Compromise b. The New Jersey Compromise. c. The Great Compromise. - ANSWER-c. The Great Compromise. During the ratification of the Constitution, Federalists eventually agreed to support further ratification of ten amendments to the Constitution in order to appease Anti-Federalists' fears of an overwhelming national government that could impinge upon personal liberties. The first ten amendments to the Constitution are collectively known as the: b. amend the Articles of Confederation. c. add amendments specifically protecting individual liberties. - ANSWER-c. add amendments specifically protecting individual liberties. How does the Magna Carta provide a foundation for the English perspective of participatory governance? a. It was the reason for the U.S. Civil War. b. It was our first attempt at government in the U.S. c. It establishes a basis for individual rights. - ANSWER-c. It establishes a basis for individual rights. What led to the creation of the English Declaration of Rights (sometimes known as the "English Bill of Rights") in 1689? a. Tension over who should rule; an individual or the people. b. The Articles of Confederation. c. The U.S. Constitution. - ANSWER-a. Tension over who should rule; an individual or the people. Who is considered to have been the most influential Enlightenment philosopher on the Declaration of Independence? a. Thomas Hobbes. b. John Locke. c. King George - ANSWER-b. John Locke. What is the significance of the Mayflower Compact? a. It was the first attempt at government after the colonies declared independence. b. It is the first attempt by Europeans of self-government in the colonies. c. It is our current governing document. - ANSWER-b. It is the first attempt by Europeans of self- government in the colonies. What aspect of the U.S. Constitution was influenced by Montesquieu? a. The Articles of Confederation. b. Separation of powers. c. The Federalist Papers. - ANSWER-b. Separation of powers. For what purpose were the Federalist Papers written? a. To support ratification of the Constitution and explain its commitment to limited government. b. To convince the colonies to declare independence. c. To convince people to reject the new constitution. - ANSWER-a. To support ratification of the Constitution and explain its commitment to limited government. What did the anti-Federalist want the Constitution to include? a. A bill of rights. b. Magna carta. c. The Articles of Confederation. - ANSWER-a. A bill of rights. What rights are listed in the Declaration of Independence? a. Life liberty and public education. b. Life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. c. Life, liberty, and property. - ANSWER-b. Life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. For what purpose did Thomas Paine write Common Sense? a. To encourage the ratification of the Constitution. b. To encourage the ratification of the Articles of Confederation. c. To encourage the colonists to demand independence from Great Britain. - ANSWER-c. To encourage the colonists to demand independence from Great Britain. Which of the following were thought to be weaknesses of the government laid out by the Articles of Confederation? a. too easy to amend the Articles of Confederation. b. too strong of an army. c. no power to tax and no executive or judiciary. - ANSWER-c. no power to tax and no executive or judiciary. Which of the following cases established the precedent that the Supreme Court has the power of judicial review? a. Gibbons v. Ogden 1824 b. McCulloch v. Maryland 1819 c. Marbury v. Madison 1803 - ANSWER-c. Marbury v. Madison 1803 Which of the following cases established the precedent that the U.S. Congress had the power to establish a bank based on the necessary and proper clause? a. McCulloch v. Maryland 1819 b. Gibbons v. Ogden 1824 c. Marbury v. Madison 1803 - ANSWER-a. McCulloch v. Maryland 1819 Which of the following cases limited power held by the states: A federal judge dismissed a libel lawsuit by Sarah Palin because she could not prove actual malice on the part of the New York Times. Which of the following cases reflects this position? a. New York Times Co. V. Sullivan 1964 b. Citizen's United v. Federal Elections Commission 2010 c. New York Times Co. V. United States 1971 - ANSWER-a. New York Times Co. V. Sullivan 1964 Which of the following cases established the "separate but equal" precedent? a. Plessy v Ferguson 1896 b. Brown v. Board of Education 1954 c. Dred Scott v Sandford 1857 - ANSWER-a. Plessy v Ferguson 1896 Which of the following cases overturned the "separate but equal" precedent in education? a. Brown v. Board of Education 1954 b. Dred Scott v Sandford 1857 c. Plessy v Ferguson 1896 - ANSWER-a. Brown v. Board of Education 1954 Which of the following cases focused on the fourteenth amendment? a. Brown v. Board of Education 1954 and U.S. v. Nixon 1974 b. Plessy v Ferguson 1896 and Brown v. Board of Education 1954 c. Dred Scott v Sandford 1857 and Plessy v. Ferguson 1896 - ANSWER-b. Plessy v Ferguson 1896 and Brown v. Board of Education 1954 Which of the following cases limited state endorsed religious prayer in public schools? a. Engle v. Vitale 1962 b. Bush v. Gore 2000 c. Citizens United v. FEC 2010 - ANSWER-a. Engle v. Vitale 1962 The power of government to take private property for public use is called: a. selective incorporation b. eminent domain c. habeas corpus - ANSWER-b. eminent domain Which of the following cases ruled that achieving "a diverse student body" was a "compelling public purpose,", but the method of a rigid quota of admission slots assigned on the basis of race violated the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause? a. U.S. v Nixon 1974 b. Brown v. Board of Education 1954 c. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke 1978 - ANSWER-c. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke 1978 Which of the following cases centered on the first amendment right of freedom of the press? a. Bush v. Gore 2000 b. Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier 1988 c. U.S. v. Nixon 1974 - ANSWER-b. Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier 1988 Which of the following cases declared "students did not lose their First Amendment rights to freedom of speech when they stepped onto school property"? a. Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier 1988 b. Texas v. Johnson 1989 c. Tinker v. Des Moines 1969 - ANSWER-c. Tinker v. Des Moines 1969