Therapeutic Intervention (Module Questions 1-6) 2024/2025 Actual Exams Questions with 100, Exams of Health sciences

Download Therapeutic Intervention (Module Questions 1-6) 2024/2025 Actual Exams Questions with 100 and more Exams Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity!

Therapeutic Intervention (Module Questions 1-6)

2024/2025 Actual Exams Questions with 100% Correct

Verified Answers Graded A

What force is directed parallel or tangent to a surface? Shear Which factor is directly related to an increase in torque? An increase in force applied at a distance from the axis of rotation Which of the following statements best describes an ecoconcentric contraction? It occurs only in muscles that cross at least two joints. Which of the following sit-up exercise arm positions is mechanically MOST challenging to perform based on movement of upper body segment center of mass, changing movement arm, and torque of gravity? Hands behind head Which of the following locations/regions on the load-deformation curve represents when force is removed the structure returns to its original size and shape? Elastic region What direction does the tibia slide on the femur during open chain knee flexion according to the convex-concave rule? Posterior Which of the following exercises would be MOST appropriate to isolate the quadriceps muscle and avoid compressive forces on articular surfaces? Short arc quad Which of the following positions of elbow flexion can the biceps brachii muscle create the greatest amount of torque?

90 degrees What phase of tissue healing is characterized by the development of wound tensile strength and granulation tissue formation? Migratory and proliferative stage Which phase of general soft tissue healing intervention goals are to protect and direct collagen orientation to be parallel to the lines of force it must withstand and prevent cross-linking/scar contracture? Remodeling Which of the following intervention activities provides vital nutrition to articular cartilage for tissue healing? Regular controlled loading-unloading exercises Which of the following outcomes is observed with neuropraxia? Complete recovery What would be the MOST appropriate treatment intervention for an injured peripheral nerve in the acute phase of recovery? Splinting and immobilization of the involved limb Which of the following interventions is MOST appropriate for a muscle tissue injury 2 days ago with bruising, pain, and swelling? Passive knee range-of-motion exercise Which of the following interventions is MOST appropriate during the Inflammation & Coagulation phase of tissue repair? Passive ROM in pain-free range Which strengthening exercise is MOST appropriate to initiate FIRST during the subacute phase of healing? Partial ROM submaximal isometrics

Which statement BEST describes active insufficiency in a two-joint muscle? Muscle shortened to the point where it cannot contract effectively Which indication is MOST appropriate for initiating active assisted range of motion (AAROM)? Weakness of muscle prevents full joint movement Which property of connective tissue describes the gradual increase in range with a constant force? Creep What location on the stress-strain curve creates permanent connective tissue length increase? Plastic range Which type of stretching is MOST associated with increased injury risk? Ballistic Which of the following statements BEST describes a Golgi tendon organ? Sensitive to increases in muscle tension Which of the following descriptions BEST describes Grade III joint mobilization? Large-amplitude, performed up to the limit of available motion & stressed into tissue resistance Which of the following treatment strategies is BEST for achieving permanent lengthening of the tendon? Apply enough force to cause sequential microfailure of some collagen fibers in the tendon Which of the following stretches will be MOST beneficial in a patient who lacks 10 degrees of passive hip extension? Iliopsoas Which of the following interventions would be MOST appropriate to target ankle mobility limitation observed during step descension? Standing ankle gastrocnemius stretch Which of the following exercise types is BEST for functional power training?

Plyometric Which of the following arcs of movement will result in physiologic strength overflow when strength training shoulder flexors with isometric resistance at 90° of flexion? 80 - 100° What muscle fiber type are postural muscles predominantly composed of? Slow-oxidative Which of the following manual resistance placement, direction of resistance, and stabilization is MOST appropriate to generate the greatest amount of external torque of the knee flexors in prone? Resistance to posterior ankle, down, stabilizing at posterior hip Which of the following biomechanical factors will impact a patient-client’s ability to generate tension in the hamstrings when performing a resisted knee flexion exercise? Position of hamstring insertion on tibia Which of the following variables can be manipulated to target endurance training for a patient who can perform 10 repetitions of an exercise with appropriate form? Increase repetitions Which of the following interventions would be MOST appropriate for a lower extremity muscle performance intervention with the goal of encouraging the functional co-contraction of multiple muscle groups? The image of the squat exercise Which of the following risk/prevention strategies is MOST appropriate when designing resistance exercise interventions for patients with a history of pathologic fracture? Avoid jumping or hopping exercises Which type of motor control mechanism describes when sensory feedback information is used to regulate movements? Closed-loop system

Which of the following intervention training types is MOST appropriate for a patient who struggles to maintain postural stability with moderate trunk perturbations? Balance Which of the following BEST describes appropriate dosage for neuromuscular training intervention? 8 - 15 repetitions, good quality movement Which sensory system provides information about the position and movement of the head with respect to gravity and inertial forces? Vestibular Which of the following prompts would be an example of an EXTERNAL focus of attention prompt for a balance training intervention? Keep the balance board horizontal Which of the following balance training intervention types is MOST appropriate to employ for a patient who demonstrates decreased postural stability while reaching for objects in a cabinet? Anticipatory balance control Which of the following would NOT be considered an intervention to address reactive balance control? open and closing the door Which of the following is the MOST appropriate regression for a patient training static balance control who is unable to perform tandem stance for a 30-second hold? Feet together with arms crossed Which of the following exercise positions MOST progresses an intervention plan targeting neuromuscular control for the shoulder? Plank position on hands Which of the following interventions would be MOST appropriate progression in the exercise hierarchy for a patient who demonstrates full, pain-free active ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion ROM and 2/5 MMT of the gastrocnemius moves into the NEXT phase of rehabilitation?

Long sit, plantarflexion, single-angle, sub-maximal isometrics in neutral position Which of the following exercise positions MOST regresses an intervention plan targeting neuromuscular control for the hip? Supine Which practice schedule parameter is MOST appropriate to use when providing wheelchair transfer training for the first time to a cognitively intact patient? Blocked-Order Practice Which of the following motor learning stages BEST describes a patient who is performing gait training with an assistive device consistently and automatically at longer distances while talking with the supervising physical therapist? Autonomous Force production gain which occurs before a muscle undergoes physiologic hypertrophy is considered a result of neuromuscular? (True/False) True Define the overload principle when the muscle is challenged beyond the usual level Define the SAID principle when the body adapts to the stress placed on it; the exercise mimics functional activities Define specificity of training this is when you are training for exactly what needs to be worked on Define transfer of training this is when what you're training for will transfer towards the sport/task preparing for Define reversibility principle this is when training gains are lost if not maintained or used (rule of thumb: "don't use it, you lose it")

The moment arm influences what in skeletal muscle? the longer the moment arm = the greater the tension The recruitment of motor units in skeletal muscle influences what? the greater number of motor units fired = the greater force production Which muscle contraction is the greatest? eccentric Which muscle contraction is the least? concentric Describe the speed of contraction for concentric high speed & low tension Describe the speed of contraction for eccentric high speed & high tension Postural muscles are composed of which muscle fiber? Slow oxidative (TYPE 1) Which muscle fiber has a slow contraction, low force production, and high amounts of mitochondria? slow oxidative (TYPE 1) Which muscle fiber has a fast contraction & intermediate force contraction? Fast oxidative glycolytic (TYPE IIa) What does the SAID principle stand for? Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands Which muscle fiber has a fast contraction, high force production, and low amounts of mitchondria? Fast glycolytic (TYPE IIb) How does resistance training impact the size of the muscle fiber?

it increases the sizes How does resistance training affect the anaerobic capacity? it increases the capacity How does aerobic training affect aerobic capacity? it increases the capacity Resistance training does what to the movement speed of an activity? it increases the speed List signs/symptoms of muscle fatigue

• pain/cramping
• jerky/inconsistent movements
• inability to continue low intensity activity
• shaking/trembling
• inability to complete movement pattern
• decline in peak torque
• slowing of contraction velocity
• substitute motions Which muscle fiber resists fatigue? slow oxidative fibers (TYPE I) Which of the following exercise types can be used initially for training very weak muscles (MMT <3/5) based on superior ability to control/lower greater external loads? eccentric contractions Strength training the shoulder flexion with isometric resistance at 90 degrees flexion will result in physiologic strength overflow in which arc movement? 90 - 100 degrees What is the dosing for progressive resistance exercises in rehab?

reps: 6- 12 sets: 2- 3 rest: varies resistance/intensity: 6-12 RM What is the general dosing of muscle performance in adults? resistance/intensity: moderate reps: 8- 12 sets: 1- 2 rest: brief How do you progress someone in a muscle performance intervention? increase resistance or sets first, then the resistance What is the dosing for power? reps: 3-6 (SPEED FOCUSED) sets: 3 rest: longer intervals What is the dosing for strength? reps: 6- 8 sets: 1- 3 rest: longer intervals **HEAVIER LOADS & SHORT ISOMETRIC HOLDS What is the dosing for endurance? reps: 10- 25 sets: 3 rest: shorter intervals **HIGH REPS & LOW LOADS List some precautions of resistance training

• pain shouldn't occur during exercise
• don't initiate it at MAX level
• avoid with children, older adults, patients with osteoporosis
• don't apply resistance to an unstable joint or distal fracture
• avoid ballistic movements
• discontinue with pain, dizziness, SOB
• be aware of medications that can alter the chronic response of exercise List some contraindications of resistance training
• pain
• inflammation
• acute injury
• severe cardiopulmonary disease
• inflammatory neuromuscular disease Define muscle strength the maximum force a muscle or muscle group can generate Define functional strength the ability to produce force during functional activities Define muscle power the ability of a muscle to produce a force quickly (force x velocity) Define muscle endurance the ability of a muscle to sustain submaximal contractions overtime When does detraining began after resistance exercises? begins within 1-2 weeks of stopping exercise What is recommended for recovery from exercise? Active recovery: light exercise & stretching to promote circulation

How long should you rest between high intensity training sessions? 48 hours in between What is the general guideline of resistance for early childhood/preadolescence? 1 - 2 sets of 8-12 reps

• low resistance & focus on technique What is the general guideline of resistance for adolescence? 2 - 3 sets of 8-12 reps
• progressive resistance, focus on form and safety What is the general guideline of resistance for young/middle adulthood? 2 - 4 sets of 6-12 reps
• higher resistance & maintain/increase intensity What is the general guideline of resistance for late adulthood? 1 - 3 sets of 10-15 reps
• emphasize low to moderate resistance, focus on endurance & functional movements List general precautions during resistance training
• avoid Valsalva maneuver
• monitor signs of muscle fatigue
• modify intensity for individuals with health conditions A patient is able to perform 20 reps of a hip flexor resistance training exercise with appropriate form without errors. How can you manipulate dosing of this exercise to target strength training? decrease reps & increase the resistance What adjustment would be the most appropriate for a patient with repetition consistency errors with a double leg heel raise? allow a patient to use hands and table for support to complete the set How do you treat a muscle injury?

focus on pain management, rest, and gradual progression of exercise How do you treat a tendon injury? rest, controlled exercise, and sometimes surgical intervention How do you treat a ligament injury? depends on the severity: bracing, PT, or surgery How do you treat a joint injury? focus on pain management & improve the mechanics How do you treat an articular cartilage injury? possible surgical intervention How do you treat a bone injury? immobilization, followed by gradual mobilization and weight bearing Neuropraxia is caused by what and what is it's recovery? caused by nerve compression and has voluntary recovery Axonotmesis is caused by what and what is it's recovery? caused by a nerve stretch and has voluntary recovery/nerve grafting Neurotmesis is caused by what and what is it's recovery? caused be a severe nerve laceration and must require surgery What occurs in the acute phase of a nerve injury? inflammation & wallerian degeneration How do you treat an acute nerve injury? immobilization and protection What occurs in the recovery phase of a nerve injury? axonal regeneration & remyelination

How do you treat the recovery phase of a nerve injury? encourage nerve regeneration & promote functional recovery What occurs in the chronic phase of a nerve injury? scar tissue & neuroma formation How do you treat the chronic phase of a nerve injury? manage pain, address deficits, optimize functioning What effect does a higher temperature have on elasticity of a collagenous tissue? increases elasticity and decreases stiffness Which force is the result of a contusion? compression force What is a key principle in the treatment of tendinopathy? optimally loading the tendon in a way that does not increase pain What is a characteristic system of a ligamentous injury? point tenderness, joint effusion, and a history of trauma Why are nerves particularly susceptible to injury at the certain anatomical sites? they pass through tunnels or over bony prominences where forces are more likely What is a common outcome for axonotmesis if left untreated? incomplete recovery; surgical intervention may be required According to the physical stress theory (PST), what is the desired outcome of applying an appropriate exercise load? increasing the tissue tolerance to future stresses without causing injury What is a contraindication of stretching? acute inflammation, sharp pain, or recent fractures

What is creep? gradually increasing load to viscoelastic tissue is SUSTAINED, the tissue with slow elongate during the stretch Why is training within the newly gained range from the stretching important? it is crucial for making flexibility gains safe and functional List contraindications of joint mobilization

• hypermobility
• joint effusion
• inflammation What non-thrust oscillation is small & rapid at the beginning of the range? Grade 1 (LOOSEN) What non-thrust oscillation is large and is within the limit but avoids the limit? Grade 2 (TIGHTEN) What non-thrust oscillation is large and is up to the motion limit? Grade 3 (STRETCH) What non-thrust oscillation is small & rapid at the end of range? Grade 4 (STRETCH) How do you train type 1 fibers? use low impact exercises:
• planks
• bird dogs
• side plank
• dead bug
• pelvic tilts List examples of static core tests

• planks
• bridges
• pelvic tilts List examples of dynamic core tests
• bird dog
• leg lowering test
• curl ups
• rotation of torso What is the dosing for ROM? 10 - 15 reps, 2-3 sets
• slight discomfort, NO PAIN What is the dosing for stretching? 2 - 3x per week with 30 second hold
• stretch to a point of tightness, slight discomfort, NO PAIN What is the dosing for balance? 2 hrs per week in all 3 planes of movement to prevent falls