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TOMPSC SCCJA CUMULATIVE EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2024 | FULL AND COMPLETE EDITION | VERIFIED VERSION | LATEST EDITION 1st Amendment --------------------------------------------Amendment that dealt with freedom of speech 4th Amendment --------------------------------------------Search and seizure 5th Amendment --------------------------------------------The Right to Remain Silent/Double Jeopardy 6th Amendment --------------------------------------------Right to a speedy and public trial 14th Amendment --------------------------------------------Due Process Executive, Legislative, Judicial --------------------------------------------Three Branches Executive Branch --------------------------------------------Enforces laws Legislative Branch --------------------------------------------Makes laws Judicial Branch --------------------------------------------Interprets the laws Supreme Court --------------------------------------------Article III of Constitution. Court of last resort. Judicial review. President nominates all justices, including position of Chief Justice, and they must be confirmed by a majority of the senate. 9 justices. Receive and dispose of approximately 5,000 cases a year, and grant certiorari to about 150 cases. Term begins the first Monday of October and ends in late June or early July. Due Process --------------------------------------------No law will be unreasonable, arbitrary, or capricious and the means selected to enforce that law shall have reasonable and substantial relation to the object being sought to be achieved by that law or process Fighting words --------------------------------------------Words that by their very utterance inflict injury or tend to incite an immediate breach of peace Intoxication, threats, physical interference --------------------------------------------Forms of speech that are not protected Texas v. Johnson --------------------------------------------A 1989 case in which the Supreme Court struck down a law banning the burning of the American flag on the grounds that such action was symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment. Trial Running --------------------------------------------Lost individuals will hastily travel the nearest trail or travel aid Despondent --------------------------------------------Persons who are severely depressed individuals or persons contemplating suicide View Enhancement --------------------------------------------Type of strategy occurs when the lost person climbs a hill or tree in order to improve or enhance their view of the area Household member --------------------------------------------A spouse, former spouse, persons with child in common, someone who has or formerly has cohabitation Going from family to general sessions --------------------------------------------What is transfer of jurisdiction Situational Child Molester --------------------------------------------Does not have sexual preference for children but will engage in sex with a child for complex reasons Preferential Child Molester --------------------------------------------Has a sexual preference for children Child Advocacy Center --------------------------------------------Agency that provides for law enforcement a forensic interviewer, an opportunity for medical protocol to be done, and counseling services for child abuse Rapport, Anatomy Identification, Touch Inquiry, Abuse Scenario, Closure ------------------- -------------------------Elements of a forensic interview Mutual Combat --------------------------------------------A condition or circumstance in which the parties involved agree to a voluntary confrontation 24 hours --------------------------------------------How long does a department have to begin a preliminary investigation once a child has been taken into EPC? Sextortion --------------------------------------------MCMEC says that this is the new form of sexual exploitation that occurs online using non-physical forms to encourage victims to provide sexual content of a child Compromise, Assault, Self-destruct, Escape --------------------------------------------What does C.A.S.E stand for when applied to a suspects potential reaction to arrest? Speed, Surprise, Safety --------------------------------------------Elements of planning a successful arrest Protective, Search incident to arrest, strip, internal body cavity, ploys affecting the search --------------------------------------------5 types of searches ADHD --------------------------------------------Most common disorder that develops in children Autism --------------------------------------------Illness that is usually diagnosed within the first three years of life Intellectual Disability --------------------------------------------Unlike mental illness, this disability is permanent Positive, Negative, Cognitive --------------------------------------------What are the three symptom categories of schizophrenia? 44 --------------------------------------------SC code of laws that handles mental illness Mental Illness --------------------------------------------Condition that impacts and disrupts a persons thinking, feeling, and mood, and may affect their ability to relate to others and daily functioning Schizophrenia --------------------------------------------A severe, debilitating, lifelong brain disorder that affects a persons ability to think clearly, manage emotions, make decisions and relate to others Genralized Anxiety Disorder --------------------------------------------Chronic worry about everyday life and things that there is little or no reason to worry about Degenerative brain disorder --------------------------------------------Alzheimer's disease is a: Dementia --------------------------------------------Illness defined as an overall decline in intellectual function, including difficulties with language, simple calculations, planning and judgement, and motor skills as well as loss of memory Shock, Disbelief, Anxiety, Guilt, Anger, Fear --------------------------------------------What are the 6 emotional stages of sexual assault Physical evidence, Victims body, Suspects body -------------------------------------------- Locations for finding evidence 23 --------------------------------------------What is the SC DNA section DV HAN --------------------------------------------This is a felony, deals with extreme indifference to human life and it goes to general sessions court DV 1st --------------------------------------------This is a felony, deals with great bodily injury, and it goes to general sessions court Fear of change, Belief that batterer will change --------------------------------------------Factors that impact a victims decision not to leave 40% --------------------------------------------Percentage of police families that experience DV 30-60% --------------------------------------------Percentage of offenders who batter their spouses also batter their children Victimless prosecution prep, Trial prep, Case dismissals, Testimony -------------------------- ------------------Preparing for a DV trial includes: Give every chance to talk, Dont sit if they are standing, Listen for spontaneous admission, Never say what victim said --------------------------------------------What to do when interviewing a suspect Status Offense --------------------------------------------What is an offense which would not be a misdemeanor or felony if committed by an adult Criminal Offense --------------------------------------------Means an offense against a person when physical or psychological harm occurs Bond --------------------------------------------Hearing that must be heard within 24 hours of arrest Aggravated Force --------------------------------------------Actor uses physical force or physical violence of a high and aggravated nature to overcome the victim or includes the threat of the use of a deadly force weapon is known as Entitlement Rape --------------------------------------------Offender forces the victim into sexual activity in which underlying issues of power and control are present CODIS --------------------------------------------National DNA database Custodial Release --------------------------------------------What form must be signed prior to the release of a child/ juvenile Intake, Adjudication hearing, Disposition hearing --------------------------------------------What are the steps in the family court system Petition --------------------------------------------When charges are made against a child what document is used Handcuffed, searched, photographed --------------------------------------------Procedural concerns once a juvenile is taken into custody Magistrate --------------------------------------------What court has primary jurisdiction of a restraining order Visual or Physical contact --------------------------------------------What kind of contact so you need for it to be harassment 1st degree Verbal, Written, or Electronic --------------------------------------------What kind of contact do you need for it to be harassment 2nd A magistrate or municipal judge prior to setting bail -------------------------------------------- Who can ask for an evaluation of a mental health evaluation of a suspect and when 1 year --------------------------------------------How long does a restraining order remain in effect 5-15 --------------------------------------------A regular hearing for a restraining order takes place in how many days 24 hours --------------------------------------------An emergency hearing for a temporary restraining order takes place in what time period Circuit and Family court --------------------------------------------Who has primary jurisdiction of a permanent restraining order A period of time set by a judge --------------------------------------------How long does a permanent restraining order remain in effect 45 days --------------------------------------------If a complaint does not seek a permanent restraining order, how long does the emergency order remain in effect Family court --------------------------------------------What court has primary jurisdiction of order of protection State v Abdullah --------------------------------------------4th Amendment does not bar LE from making warrant-less entries and searches when they REASONABLY BELIEVE (REASONABLE ARTICULATE SUSPICION)that a person within is in need of immediate aid U Visa --------------------------------------------For all victims of violent crimes Trust and Control --------------------------------------------Traumatic victimization destroys what Rapid deployment --------------------------------------------Swift and immediate deployment of law enforcement to an ongoing, life threatening situation Time line of violence --------------------------------------------Period of time from the suspects first violent action until the action is stopped or the suspect transitions to another activity Fantasy, Planning, Preparation, Approach, and Implementation -------------------------------- ------------5 stages of an active shooter Parents, Media, General Public, and other First responders ------------------------------------- -------What are some outer parameter issues and concerns Be aggressive, Be prepared to be fired upon, Be prepared to encounter casualties, Be flexible --------------------------------------------Four things included in survival mindset Indicator Based Movement --------------------------------------------What type of movement is used when the officer doesn't know the general location of the shooter Stimulus Based Movement --------------------------------------------What type of movement is used when the officer does know the general area of the suspect Book Keeping, Conversion, and Subtyping --------------------------------------------3 ways to stereotype FBI --------------------------------------------Agency that keeps statistics on hate crimes Culture --------------------------------------------The customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group Personal Prejudice --------------------------------------------Occurs when members of another social group are perceived as a threat to one's own Group Prejudice --------------------------------------------When a person conforms to group norms because it appears that is what is expected Intolerance --------------------------------------------Unwillingness to accept views, beliefs, or behavior that differ from one's own Ignorance --------------------------------------------Lack of knowledge or information Limited Perception --------------------------------------------Perceiving others through a limited experience which ultimately could create stereotyping Indifference --------------------------------------------Lack of interest, concern, or empathy Hate Crime --------------------------------------------Criminal offence against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by offenders bias Race/Ethnicity, Religion, Sexual-orientation, Gender identity, Disability, and Gender ----- ---------------------------------------Motivators for hate crimes Hate Literature, Spray paint cans, Threatening letters, Symbolic objects --------------------- -----------------------Physical evidence that should be collected at a crime scene Statement --------------------------------------------Single declaration or remark or an assertion Victim, Witnesses, Suspects --------------------------------------------Types of people interviewed Elderly and Very Young --------------------------------------------Two age groups require special consideration in interviews Formal, Informal, Combo --------------------------------------------Interview Classifications 80% --------------------------------------------Percent of communication is nonverbal Funnel Approach --------------------------------------------Start with broad questions and progressively narrow the scope Verbal, Written, Taped --------------------------------------------Methods of taking statements Omnibus Adult Protection Act (43-35-10) --------------------------------------------Title 43 Stimulants --------------------------------------------Produce a sense of exhilaration LSD --------------------------------------------Most potent hallucinogenic drug Grid Search --------------------------------------------A parallel search is performed followed by another parallel search 90 degrees laterally so that a grid pattern is formed over the area Pattern Injuries --------------------------------------------Tells a story and can often indicate the type of weapon used Primary Crime Scene --------------------------------------------Site of original activity, typically but not always more evidence is yielded Enviroment, Scene, Victim, Suspect --------------------------------------------Sources of evidence Organized Crime Scene --------------------------------------------Reflects a methodical, well organized suspect Disorganized Crime Scene --------------------------------------------Reflects an opportunist Secondary --------------------------------------------Any subsequant scenes Collected, Protected, Submitted --------------------------------------------Physical evidence is only useful if it is properly: Theory of Transfer (Locard's Exchange Principle) -------------------------------------------- States that no one can enter a location without bringing something into the area or leaving something behind General Photos --------------------------------------------Overall photos of outside and inside Close Up Photos --------------------------------------------Photos of all evidence Triangulation Plotting Method --------------------------------------------Most common type of plotting method used; can be employed anywhere Explosives --------------------------------------------Class 1 Gases --------------------------------------------Class 2 Flammable Liquids --------------------------------------------Class 3 Flammable Solids --------------------------------------------Class 4 Oxidizers --------------------------------------------Class 5 Toxic and Infectious Substances --------------------------------------------Class 6 Radioactive --------------------------------------------Class 7 Corrosives --------------------------------------------Class 8 Miscellaneous --------------------------------------------Class 9 Health --------------------------------------------Blue Hazmat Diamond Flammability --------------------------------------------Red Hazmat Diamond Reactivity --------------------------------------------Yellow Hazmat Diamond Special Info --------------------------------------------White Hazmat Diamond UN ID Numbers --------------------------------------------Yellow Section of DOT Chemical Names --------------------------------------------Blue Section of DOT Guide Pages --------------------------------------------Orange Section of DOT Table of Evacuation --------------------------------------------Green Section of DOT Resources Info --------------------------------------------White Section of DOT Action Point --------------------------------------------Place where a person puts into action their decisions Keep Collision From Getting Worse --------------------------------------------Primary responsibility of investigator at scene Approach to contact, Control upon touch, speed in application ---------------------------------- ----------What are some tactical considerations (When handcuffing) Evasive Action --------------------------------------------Action or combination of actions taken to avoid a collision or other hazardous situations Triangulation --------------------------------------------Wide approach that should be used on high risk traffic stops Possible Weapon of Opportunity --------------------------------------------If a suspect is out of a car, never allow them back in because: In Line Position --------------------------------------------Achieved when a patrol vehicle is stopped directly behind violators Skid Mark --------------------------------------------A mark left by a tire on a locked wheel sliding over a roadway or other services Yaw Marks --------------------------------------------Scuff marks caused by steering when tires are rotating and sliding Metal Scars --------------------------------------------Scratches and grooves and gouges that occur when the undercarriage and other hard parts of the vehicle come in contact with road Self, LE work, CJ System/Public, LE Organization -------------------------------------------- Primary source for LE stress Assess, Create, Take Action, Evaluate --------------------------------------------Four step process to conquer any goal: Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion --------------------------------------------Selyes general adaption syndrome phases (G.A.S) Speed, Accuracy, Consistency, Concentration, Correct Fundamentals ----------------------- ---------------------Progression of learning pyramid Illumination --------------------------------------------Contact officer will aim spotlight where they anticipate the suspect to exit and where the officer has best field of view Distance During Traffic Stop --------------------------------------------Obtained by peripherally observing the rear tires of the violators vehicle as they rest on the pavement Ask, Intervene, Don't, Locate, Inform, Find, Exepedite -------------------------------------------- AIDLIFE: Bias Based Policing --------------------------------------------Unacceptable and prohibited method for recognizing a suspicious vehicle High Risk Felony Stop --------------------------------------------Traffic stop where dangers and risks to an officer are present Cracked doors, Rolled down windows, Tinted windows, Suspicious Activity ----------------- ---------------------------Warning signs during a traffic stop Point of No Return --------------------------------------------Half way between squad car and violators car Uncontrolled Final Rest --------------------------------------------When a vehicle reaches final rest solely as a result of forces exerted during collision Right Offset Position --------------------------------------------Achieved when a patrol vehicle is offset one-half its width to the right of violators vehicle Give Commands, Open Van Doors, Have Them Come To You --------------------------------- -----------What makes up a control challenge Driver Not Adjusting To Conditions, Mechanical Failures ----------------------------------------- ---Two main causes for traffic collisions Perception Reaction Time --------------------------------------------The length of time from actual perception of a hazard to implementing some avoidance action Perception Reaction Distance --------------------------------------------Distance traveled during reaction time