từ vựng cho học phần tiếng anh hp3, Study notes of Business English

Download từ vựng cho học phần tiếng anh hp3 and more Study notes Business English in PDF only on Docsity! GLOSSARY- UNIT 4 ORGANIZATION STARTING UP constructive adjective  /kənˈstrʌk.tɪvIf advice, criticism, or actions are constructive, they are useful and intended to help or improve something She criticized my writing, but in a way that was very constructive. Opposite: destructive seniority noun  /ˌsiː.niˈɒr.ə.ti/ the advantage that you get by working for a company for a long time: In future, promotion will be based on merit not seniority. confidentiality noun  /ˌkɒnfɪdenʃiˈæləti/ the fact of private information being kept secret: As soon as he was hired, the company made him sign a confidentiality agreement. reserved adjective /rɪˈzɜrvd/ (KEPT) Reserved tickets, seats, etc. are ones that you have arranged to be kept for you: May I sit here, or is this seat/table reserved? view noun (SIGHT) what you can see from a particular place, or the ability to see from a particular place: The rooftop restaurant affords a panoramic view (= allows you o see a wide area) across the bay. business class noun  a type of air travel that is more expensive and has better conditions than economy class, or the part of a plane where people who have booked this type of travel sit: Complimentary drinks will be served to passengers in business class. VOCABULARY logistics noun [ plural ] /ləˈdʒɪstɪks/ the process of planning and organizing to make sure that resources are in the places where they are needed, so that an activity or process happens effectively: About 3% of his turnover went to paying for logistics and distribution. draw up something - phrasal verb with draw verb  /drɔ/ past tense drew US/dru/ | past participle drawn US/drɔn/: to prepare something in writing, esp. plans or a formal document: The lawyers drew up a contract over the weekend. assembly line noun  a line of machines and workers in a factory which a product moves along while it is being built or produced. Each machine or worker performs a particular job, which must be finished before the product moves to the next position in the line: He got a job on an assembly line putting the foam and upholstery on the back seats of cars. press release noun (also news release) a public statement given by a company or organization to journalists to publish if they want to: Knowing the right way to issue a press release is almost as important as the information in the release itself. budget noun /ˈbʌdʒɪt/  a plan that shows how much money an organization expects to earn and spend during a particular period of time, and how it will spend its money: Corporate planners are busy drawing up a budget for the next fiscal year. 1 install verb  /ɪnˈstɔːl/ to put furniture, a machine, or a piece of equipment into position and make it ready to use: The firm is having a new security system installed. record noun /ˈrekɔːd/ a piece of written information about something that is kept so that people can refer to it later: The records show that the company employed a staff of 300 in the 1990s. account noun  /əˈkaʊnt/  + (also bank account); ( written abbreviation a/c); (also acct.) an arrangement with a bank in which the customer puts in and takes out money and the bank keeps a record of it: Anna could deposit her savings into an account offering more interest. + (also UK credit account); (also US charge account): an agreement with a store or company that allows you to buy things and pay for them later: Jenny got the bill and said she'd charge it to the company account. maintain verb  /meɪnˈteɪn/ to keep a building, machine, road, etc. in good condition by checking it regularly and repairing it if necessary: The premises are clean and well maintained. bureaucratic adjective    disapproving  /ˌbjʊərəʊˈkrætɪk/ MANAGEMENT relating to a system of controlling or managing a country, company, or organization that is operated by a large number of officials: The company was inefficient because it was highly bureaucratic. decentralized adjective    (UK also decentralised) /ˌdiːˈsentrəlaɪzd/ used to describe organizations or their activities which are not controlled from one central place, but happen in many different places: The management structure is highly decentralized. legal adjective  /ˈliːɡəl/ connected with the system of law within a country or area: The department is seeking legal advice on the permitted development rule. public relations noun ( abbreviation PR) the activity of providing information about an organization so that people have positive ideas about it: The organization hired a public relations agency to help them improve their image. impersonal adjective  /ɪmˈpɜr·sə·nəl/ lacking or not showing any interest or feeling: The congressman gave a short, impersonal speech and left soon afterward. democratic adjective  /ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/ + based on the principles of democracy: + a democratic system or organization allows everyone to be treated equally and to be involved in making decisions: Employee ownership and open-book management are common practices in most democratic workplaces. market-driven adjective (also market-led) influenced by market knowledge and customer needs: The company needs to change from being driven by production or technology to being market- driven. conservative adjective /kənˈsɜr·və·t̬ɪv/ tending to emphasize the importance of preserving traditional cultural and religious values, and to oppose change, esp. sudden change If you are conservative in your appearance, you wear clothes in traditional colors and styles: 2 Starting new stores in new markets involves setting up regional offices and launching marketing campaigns. + used to describe a company or an organization that operates in a particular part of a country rather than the whole country: regionally adverb /ˈriːdʒənəli/ a regionally based organization unit noun  /ˈjuːnɪt/ + a single thing or separate part of something larger: The training course is divided into five units, and takes place over five days.   + a particular type of business or department within a larger organization: Cellphone companies are still on the rise, but most of them are units of the traditional telcos. headquarters noun   /ˈhedˌkwɔːtəz/ plural headquarters ( abbreviation HQ) + the main office or centre of control of a company or organization: The company has its European headquarters in Brussels. + the management team who work at a headquarters: Regional managers are mostly free to operate without interference from headquarters. SKILLS CASE STUDY relocate verb  /ˌriːləʊˈkeɪt/ + to move to a different place to work, or to be moved to a different place to work: Most production has been relocated to Hungary, Tunisia, and China. subsidiary noun  /səbˈsɪdiəri/ plural subsidiaries (also subsidiary company) a company that is controlled by another: California First Bank is a 77%-owned subsidiary of Bank of Tokyo. industrial adjective  /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/ having a lot of industry and factories: These workers have some of the best wages in industrial America. warehouse noun  /ˈweəhaʊs/ + a large building for storing things before they are sold, used, or sent out to stores: The goods have been sitting in a warehouse for months because a strike has prevented distribution. distribution centre noun (also centre of distribution: a warehouse and the business based there, that stores a manufacturer's goods temporarily, before they are transported to stores or customers for sale: Items are shipped from their warehouses and distribution centers to over 800 stores nationwide. purpose-built adjective ˌ/pɜː.pəsˈbɪlt/ + designed and built for a particular use: storey noun (US story) /ˈstɔː.ri/ a level of a building: Their new house has four storeys including the attic. Synonyms: floor (LEVEL OF BUILDING), level (FLOOR) proportion noun  /prəˈpɔːʃən/+  the number or amount of part of something when compared to the whole: It will take a few years before one will be able to observe equal proportions of men and women in sales management. 5 inhabitant noun  /ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/ a person or animal that lives in a particular place: a city of five million inhabitants oppose verb  /əˈpəʊz/ to disagree with something or someone, and speak or take action against them: I would certainly oppose changing the system. independent adjective  /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/ not influenced or controlled by the government or another organization: The charity is completely independent of government. go ahead - phrasal verb to start to do something: We've received permission to go ahead with the music festival in spite of opposition from local residents. boardroom noun /ˈbɔːdruːm/ + the group of people who manage a company or organization: Shareholders felt mistakes had been made at boardroom level. + the room where the group of people who manage a company or organization have their meetings: Workers were told of the closure in the company's boardroom. social adjective  /ˈsəʊʃəl/ + relating to society and the way people live together: Women may have emerged as Algeria's most potent force for social change. + relating to your position in society: The rate of stress at work is consistent throughout the population, irrespective of age, sex  and social class. + relating to activities in which you meet and spend time with other people and to your ability to be friendly with others: Social skills are what employers need most. benefit noun /ˈbenɪfɪt/ + a helpful or good effect: To get the full benefit, this plan should be viewed as a long-term investment. + in some countries, money that is given by the government to people who cannot find a job, are too sick to work, etc.: As an unemployed mother, you can claim benefits. +advantages such as medical insurance, life insurance, and sick pay, that employees receive from their employer in addition to money: The company offers a generous benefits package that includes private healthcare a nd a free on-site gym. CD 1 Track 30 message noun  /ˈmesɪdʒ/ a short piece of information that you give or send to a person when you cannot speak to them directly: There was a message for you from the catering company. noticeboard noun  /ˈnəʊtɪsbɔːd/ (also message board); ( US bulletin board)+ a board on a wall on which pieces of paper containing written information can be fixed: The reception desk at their headquarters is dominated by a large noticeboard giving the company's daily share price. + an area on a website where messages containing information for other users can be left: 6 online noticeboards avenue noun /ˈæv·ənˌju, -əˌnu/ + a street, often a wide one, in a city or town: Michigan Avenue in Chicago is famous for its elegant stores. + a method or way of doing something; a possibility: Only two avenues are open to us – accept his offer or file a lawsuit. mind verb  /maɪnd/ (BE ANNOYED) (used in questions and negatives) to be annoyed or worried by something:  I wouldn't mind (= I would like) something to eat, if that's OK. Would you mind turning (= please turn) your radio down a little please? Do you mind if I (= may I) put the TV on? against preposition /əˈɡenst/ /(OPPOSING) disagreeing with a plan or activity: She spoke against the decision to close the college. upset verb  /ˌʌpˈset/ (WORRY) to make someone worried, unhappy, or angry: The governor’s veto upset a lot of people. compensation noun /ˌkɒmpənˈseɪʃən/ + HR the combination of payment and other benefits that an employee receives for doing their job: Annual compensation for our executives includes salary, bonus, and other benefits.  + money that is paid to someone because they have been hurt, or because something has been lost or damaged: If you can prove that someone else was to blame for your accident, you will be entitled to compensation. No doubt :used to emphasize that what you are saying is true or likely to happen: We will, no doubt, discuss these issues again at the next meeting. in the long run : at some time in the future: You may want to quit school now, but in the long run, you’ll regret it. depressed adjective /dɪˈprest/ (UNHAPPY) feeling unhappy and without hope: He’s depressed about losing his job. postpone verb  /pəʊstˈpəʊn/ /pəstˈpəʊn/ to delay an event and plan or decide that it should happen at a later date or time: [ + -ing verb ] We've had to postpone going to France because the children are ill. give up - phrasal verb + to stop trying to guess: You'll never guess the answer - do you give up? shock noun /ʃɑk/ (SURPRISE) a sudden, unexpected, and often unpleasant or offensive event, or the emotional or physical reaction to such an event: It was kind of a shock to hear they wanted to throw it out. 7