từ vựng tiếng anh hp4, Study notes of Business English

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UNIT 10 ETHICS STARTING UP morality noun  /məˈræl·ɪ·t̬i/ a personal or social set of standards for good or bad behavior and character, or the quality of being right and honest: Technology is neutral – its morality is determined by its political or social use. geography noun  /dʒiˈɒɡrəfi/ an area where a company operates or sells a product: The company added that there had been a "business slowdown in all geographies." unethical adjective  /ʌnˈeθɪkəl/ morally wrong: What is considered unethical in one country may be standard business practice in another. genuine adjective /ˈdʒen·ju·ən/ being what something or someone appears or claims to be; real, not false: She showed genuine (= sincere) sorrow at the news. nepotism noun  /ˈnepətɪzəm/ the use of power or influence to get good jobs or unfair advantages for members of your own family: He resigned amid allegations of nepotism and petty corruption. nepotistic adjective She denied that the appointment was nepotistic. application form noun a form that you complete in order to apply for a job, a place on a course, etc. or to get something such as a loan or a licence: Sometimes you will be required to fill in an application form which will be used to select candidates for interview. claim verb /kleɪm/ to request payment for money you are owed by a government department or company: The self employed may claim income tax relief as an allowance in their income tax assessment. VOCABULARY takeover noun /ˈteɪkˌəʊvər/ the act of taking control of a company by buying enough of its shares to do this: The company has agreed an $11.5bn takeover. win verb /wɪn/ to succeed in getting something that other people, organizations, etc. are also trying to get: 1 The big question is whether her actions will win her votes. contract noun  /ˈkɒntrækt/ a formal agreement relating to buying or selling a stock, currency, commodity, etc. for a particular price at a particular time: An option differs from a futures contract, in which both parties make a binding agreement to buy or sell currency at some point in the future. branded adjective  /ˈbrændɪd/ branded products have their company's brand name on them, rather than being sold under a store's name or under the product's own name: branded clothing. cabin crew noun /ˈkæb.ɪn ˌkruː/ (UK also cabin staff) in an aircraft, the people whose job it is to take care of the passengers ground staff noun  /ˈɡraʊnd ˌstɑːf/ the people whose job is to take care of a sports ground and its equipment dispose of sb/sth - phrasal verb  /dɪˈspəʊz/ to get rid of someone or something or deal with something so that the matter is finished: It took only five minutes for the world champion to dispose of (= defeat) his opponent. Surely there must be a better way to dispose of nuclear waste? chemical noun  /ˈkemɪkəl/ any basic substance which is used in or produced by reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules: Each year, factories release millions of tonnes of toxic chemicals into the atmosphere. track noun /træk/ + the direction that something has taken or in which it is moving: They are able to forecast the track of the storm days in advance.  + the way in which something develops or might develop: We believe we are on the right track to grow the business in the coming months. clean adjective /kliːn/ honest and fair, or showing that you have done nothing illegal or morally wrong: He said the campaign's priorities will be "education and clean government." criminal noun  /ˈkrɪmɪnəl/ a person who commits a crime: a convicted criminal. property noun  /ˈprɒpəti/ buildings and land, considered as things to be bought and sold: They made their money in property. 2 climate change noun changes in the world's weather, particularly an increase in temperature, thought to be caused by things such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere: Technological methods to cope with climate change will become more and more important. degrade verb /dɪˈɡreɪd/ to become worse in quality, or to make something worse: Unlike with a cassette player, the sound of the MP3 Player doesn't degrade as the battery weakens. CD2 Track 27 sponsor noun /ˈspɒnsər/ a company or organization that provides money for a television or radio programme, website, sports event, or other activity in exchange for advertising: We are grateful to our corporate sponsors for making this event free to the public. the global economy noun the system of industry and trade around the world that has developed as the result of globalization (= the way in which economies have been developing to operate together as one system): Some of the global economy's largest industries, including the fossil- fuel, banking and insurance industries, are potentially at risk. CD2 Track 28 global adjective /ˈɡloʊ·bəl/ relating to the whole world: We hope an era of peace and global cooperation has begun. globally adverb /ˈɡloʊ·bə·li/ The company is trying to compete globally. climate adjective  /ˈklaɪmət/ relating to climate change and attempts to deal with it: climate talks/negotiations partnership noun /ˈpɑːtnəʃɪp/ an agreement between organizations, people, etc. to work together: The government is promoting a partnership between the state and the private sector. collaboration noun  /kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃən/ + the act of working together with other people or organizations to create or achieve something: The mission is being conducted in collaboration with the European space agency. conservation noun /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃən/ the process of using water, gas, electricity, etc. carefully in order not to waste it: 5 The main objectives are the conservation of materials and energy in support of the sustainable development program. + the protection of the environment: It is now considered essential for any new fish- farming businesses to consult the relevant conservation agency. field adjective  /fiːld/ relating to practical work and research done outside the office or laboratory (= room  used or scientific work): The study was based on field research and data analysis supported by the National Geographic Society. cope verb  /koʊp/ to deal with problems or difficulties, esp. with a degree of success: Inside homes, many residents coped with broken glass and collapsed walls and chimneys. Victims cope with feelings of anxiety, pain, anger, and fear. issue noun /ˈɪʃ·u/ a subject or problem that people are thinking and talking about: There continues to be a great deal of debate over the property tax issue. champion noun /ˈtʃæm·pi·ən/ (WINNER) (short form champ, US/ˈtʃæmp/) someone or something, esp. a person or animal, that has beaten all other competitors in a competition: ambassador noun  /æmˈbæs·ə·dər/ an official who represents his or her own country in a foreign country: influence verb /ˈɪnˌflu·əns/ to cause someone to change a behavior, belief, or opinion, or to cause something to be changed: Businesses make large contributions to members of Congress, hoping to influence their votes on key issues. demonstration noun  /ˌdem·ənˈstreɪ·ʃən/ (short form demo) (ACT OF SHOWING): the act of showing someone how to do something or how something works: Let me give you a demonstration of how the camera works. Language Review CD2 TRACK 29 case noun /keɪs/ (SITUATION) a particular situation or example of something: Over a hundred people were injured, in several cases seriously. 6 résumé noun /ˈrezəmeɪ/ ( UK curriculum vitae): a short written description of your education, qualifications, and previous jobs which you send to an employer when you are trying to get a job: To apply, please submit a detailed résumé. dishonesty noun /dɪˈsɒn.ɪ.sti/ the quality or an act of not being honest: Mistakes and misunderstandings are a far more common cause of complaint than deliberate dishonesty. be over the moon = to be very pleased: She was over the moon about/with her new bike. performance review (also performance appraisal); (also performance evaluation) a meeting between an employee and their manager to discuss their progress, aims, and needs at work: In her performance review, she earned a rating of four out of five. exceed verb /ɪkˈsiːd/ to be greater than a number or amount, or to go past an allowed limit: The final cost should not exceed $5,000. target noun  /ˈtɑːɡɪt/ a result, level, or situation that an organization or group wants or plans to achieve: The company gave employees the details of performance targets for bonuses. fire verb  /faɪər/ (UK also sack, dismiss) to make someone leave their job, especially because they have done something wrong: He was told that he was being fired for revealing confidential information. She was fired from her job because of poor attendance. lie verb (SPEAK FALSELY) to say something that is not true in order to deceive: Both witnesses lied to the police about what happened. fictitious adjective  /fɪkˈtɪʃəs/ not real: Many of the internet customers had been giving fictitious names and addresses. make up -  phrasal verb to forgive someone and be friendly with them again after an argument or disagreement: We often quarrel but we always make it up soon after. desperate adjective /ˈdes.pər.ət/ very serious or bad: The situation is desperate - we have no food, very little water and no medical supplies. initiative noun  /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ a new plan or action to improve something or solve a problem: a marketing/cost-cutting initiative 7