U.S. History High School EOC Exam Study Guide Questions 2024, Exams of Nursing

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Causes of the Civil War - Correct Answers ✅• Slavery

• States' rights
• Territorial claims
• Abolitionist movement
• Regional differences Consequences of the Civil War - Correct Answers ✅• Reconstruction
• Thirteenth Amendment
• Fourteenth Amendment
• Fifteenth Amendment Dred Scott - Correct Answers ✅A black slave, had lived with his master for 5 years in Illinois and Wisconsin Territory. Backed by interested abolitionists, he sued for freedom on the basis of his long

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residence on free soil. The ruling on the case was that He was a black slave and not a citizen, so he had no rights. Abraham Lincoln - Correct Answers ✅16th President of the United States saved the Union during the Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865) Andrew Johnson - Correct Answers ✅17th President of the United States; he was elected Vice President and succeeded Lincoln when Lincoln was assassinated Jefferson Davis - Correct Answers ✅President of the Confederate States of America Frederick Douglass - Correct Answers ✅United States abolitionist who escaped from slavery and became an influential writer and lecturer in the North (1817-1895) Ulysses S. Grant - Correct Answers ✅an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States (1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War.

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Robert E. Lee - Correct Answers ✅Confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force William T. Sherman - Correct Answers ✅general whose march to sea caused destruction to the south, union general, led march to destroy all supplies and resources, beginning of total warfare Harriet Tubman - Correct Answers ✅United States abolitionist born a slave on a plantation in Maryland and became a famous conductor on the Underground Railroad leading other slaves to freedom in the North (1820-1913) Sojourner Truth - Correct Answers ✅United States abolitionist and feminist who was freed from slavery and became a leading advocate of the abolition of slavery and for the rights of women (1797-1883) Radical Republicans - Correct Answers ✅Political party that favored harsh punishment of Southern states after civil war Buffalo Soldiers - Correct Answers ✅Nickname for African-American soldiers who fought in the wars against Native Americans living on the Great Plains during the 1870s

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The impeachment of Andrew Johnson - Correct Answers ✅when the Radical Republicans tried Andrew Johnson for impeachment because he wanted to fire Edwin Stanton, the Secretary of War. The Radical Republicans passed a law called the Tenure of Office Act saying that a President cannot fire a worker "just because". President Johnson stayed in office by one vote. Black Legislators - Correct Answers ✅Many blacks were elected to Federal offices after the Civil War White Extremist Groups - Correct Answers ✅-KKK -Knights of the White Camellia -The White League -Red Shirts -Pale Faces 13th Amendment - Correct Answers ✅abolished slavery in the U.S. in 1865

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14th Amendment - Correct Answers ✅Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws regardless of race 15th Amendment - Correct Answers ✅Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or previous condition of servitude carpetbagger - Correct Answers ✅Northerners who traveled south just to make money off the Reconstruction. They were called this because their suitcases were usually made from carpet. Suffrage - Correct Answers ✅the right to vote Jim Crow Laws - Correct Answers ✅The "separate but equal" segregation laws state and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States and enforced between 1876 and 1965 Black Codes - Correct Answers ✅Southern laws designed to restrict the rights of the newly freed black slaves Sharecropping - Correct Answers ✅a system used on southern farms after the civil war in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops.

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Effects of Reconstruction on Native Americans - Correct Answers ✅• Westward expansion

• Reservation system
• The Dawes Act
• Indian Schools
• Government involvement in the killing of the buffalo
• Wounded Knee Massacre
• Sand Creek Massacre
• Battle of Little Big Horn Westward expansion - Correct Answers ✅territorial acquisitions as settlers began moving westward beyond the Appalachian Mountains Reservation system - Correct Answers ✅introduced in 1870, forced nations to live on barren land, it confined people so they could not support themselves in their accustomed way. It has left to the institutional of this enforced segregation. Indian Schools - Correct Answers ✅These places were created in order to forcibly assimilate Indian children to white culture. They cut their hair, converted them to Christianity, forced them to change their

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language and used various other ways to make Indian children act like white Americans. The Dawes Act - Correct Answers ✅Passed by Congress in 1887. Its purpose was to Americanize the Native Americans. The act broke up the reservations, gave some of the land to Native Americans. Wounded Knee Massacre - Correct Answers ✅In December 1890, Army troops captured some of Sitting Bull's followers and took them to a camp. 300 Sioux men, women, and children were killed Sand Creek Massacre - Correct Answers ✅an attack on a village of sleeping Cheyenne Indians by a regiment of Colorado militiamen on 29 November 1864 that resulted in the death of more than 200 tribal members Battle of Little Big Horn - Correct Answers ✅Sioux leader Sitting Bull led the fight against general George Custer and the 7th cavalry. The Sioux wanted miners out of the black hills, and had appealed to government officials in Washington to stop the miners. Washington doesn't listen. When Custer came to Little Bighorn rivers Sitting Bull and his warriors were ready and killed them all!

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Indian Removal Act - Correct Answers ✅(1830) a congressional act that authorized the removal of Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi River 18th Amendment - Correct Answers ✅Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages 19th Amendment - Correct Answers ✅Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920) extended the right to vote to women in federal or state elections. 20th Amendment - Correct Answers ✅(FDR) , change of dates for start of presidential/congressional terms 21st Amendment - Correct Answers ✅Amendment which ended the Prohibition of alcohol in the US, repealing the 18th amendment Bessemer Process - Correct Answers ✅A way to manufacture steel quickly and cheaply by blasting hot air through melted iron to quickly remove impurities. robber baron - Correct Answers ✅Refers to the industrialists or big business owners who gained huge profits by paying their employees extremely low wages. They also drove their competitors out of business

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by selling their products cheaper than it cost to produce it. Then when they controlled the market, they hiked prices high above original price. Thomas Edison - Correct Answers ✅American inventor who developed many devices such as the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb John D. Rockefeller - Correct Answers ✅Established the Standard Oil Company, the greatest, wisest, and meanest monopoly known in history Andrew Carnegie - Correct Answers ✅A Scottish-born American industrialist and philanthropist who founded the Carnegie Steel Company in 1892. By 1901, his company dominated the American steel industry Transcontinental Railroad - Correct Answers ✅Railroad connecting the west and east coasts of the continental US Henry Ford - Correct Answers ✅1863-1947. American businessman, founder of Ford Motor Company, father of modern assembly lines, and inventor credited with 161 patents.

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Upton Sinclair - Correct Answers ✅muckraker who shocked the nation when he published The Jungle, a novel that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago. The book was fiction but based on the things Sinclair had seen. muckraker - Correct Answers ✅Journalists who searched for corruption in politics and big business Homestead Act - Correct Answers ✅Passed in 1862, it gave 160 acres of public land to any settler who would farm the land for five years. The settler would only have to pay a registration fee of $25. Spanish American War - Correct Answers ✅In 1898, a conflict between the United States and Spain, in which the U.S. supported the Cubans' fight for independence U.S.S. Maine - Correct Answers ✅Ship that explodes off the coast of Cuba in Havana harbor and helps contribute to the start of the Spanish- American War Rough Riders - Correct Answers ✅The First United States Volunteer Calvary, a mixture of Ivy League athletes and western frontiersmen, volunteered to fight in the Spanish-American War. Enlisted by Theodore Roosevelt, they won many battles in Florida and enlisted in the invasion army of Cuba.

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Big Stick Diplomacy - Correct Answers ✅The policy held by Teddy Roosevelt in foreign affairs. The "big stick" symbolizes his power and readiness to use military force if necessary. It is a way of intimidating countries without actually harming them. Dollar Diplomacy - Correct Answers ✅Foreign Policy idea by Taft to make countries dependent on the U.S. by heavily investing in their economies Monroe Doctrine - Correct Answers ✅(1823) A political policy of the United States by President James Monroe that states the Western Hemisphere is closed to European interference. Manifest Destiny - Correct Answers ✅A notion held by a nineteenth- century Americans that the United States was destined to rule the continent, from the Atlantic the Pacific. Second Industrial Revolution - Correct Answers ✅(1871-1914) Involved development of chemical, electrical, oil, and steel industries. Mass production of consumer goods also developed at this time through the mechanization of the manufacture of food and clothing. It saw the popularization of cinema and radio. Provided widespread employment and increased production.

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mass production - Correct Answers ✅Process of making large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply easy credit - Correct Answers ✅People could purchase things off of credit which before they would have had to save up for years installment buying - Correct Answers ✅A consumers buys products by promising to pay small, regular amounts over a period of time buying on margin - Correct Answers ✅Purchasing stock with a little money down with the promise of paying the balance at sometime in the future Black Tuesday - Correct Answers ✅October 29, 1929; date of the worst stock-market crash in American history and beginning of the Great Depression. Great Depression - Correct Answers ✅(1929-1939) The dramatic decline in the world's economy due to the United State's stock market crash of 1929, the overproduction of goods from World War I, and decline in the need for raw materials from non industrialized nations. Results in millions of people losing their jobs as banks and businesses closed around the world. Many people were reduced to homelessness, and had to rely on government sponsored soup kitchens to eat. World

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trade also declined as many countries imposed protective tariffs in an attempt to restore their economies. New Deal - Correct Answers ✅A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administration between 1933 and 1942 with the goal of ending the Great Depression. Causes of World War I - Correct Answers ✅Militarism Alliance System Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Imperialism Nationalism militarism - Correct Answers ✅A policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always prepared for war alliances - Correct Answers ✅agreements between nations to aid and protect one another imperialism - Correct Answers ✅A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically.

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nationalism - Correct Answers ✅A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country Effects of World War I - Correct Answers ✅New weapons invented, tons of casualties, France destroyed, Treaty of Versailles, Germany had to take responsibility and pay reparations, "Lost Generation" Lusitania - Correct Answers ✅A British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-Boat on May 7, 1915. 128 Americans died. The sinking greatly turned American opinion against the Germans, helping the move towards entering the war. Zimmerman Note - Correct Answers ✅1917 - Germany sent this to Mexico instructing an ambassador to convince Mexico to go to war with the U.S. It was intercepted and caused the U.S. to mobilized against Germany, which had proven it was hostile Treaty of Versailles - Correct Answers ✅Treaty that ended WW I. It blamed Germany for WWI and handed down harsh punishment. vertical integration - Correct Answers ✅Practice where a single entity controls the entire process of a product, from the raw materials to distribution

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horizontal integration - Correct Answers ✅Absorption into a single firm of several firms involved in the same level of production and sharing resources at that level trench warfare - Correct Answers ✅Fighting with trenches, mines, and barbed wire. Horrible living conditions, great slaughter, no gains, stalemate, used in WWI. Chinese Exclusion Act - Correct Answers ✅(1882) Denied any additional Chinese laborers to enter the country while allowing students and merchants to immigrate. monopoly - Correct Answers ✅A market in which there are many buyers but only one seller. Taft-Hartley Act - Correct Answers ✅1. outlawed "closed shops and required union leaders to sign loyalty oath 2. required 80 day cooling off period before strike unions - Correct Answers ✅An association of workers, formed to bargain for better working conditions and higher wages.

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Mexican-American War - Correct Answers ✅(1846-1848) The war between the United States and Mexico in which the United States acquired one half of the Mexican territory. flapper - Correct Answers ✅Young women of the 1920s that behaved and dressed in a radical fashion Roaring Twenties - Correct Answers ✅the decade of the 1920's which got this nickname because of the times prosperity and excitement urbanization - Correct Answers ✅An increase in the percentage and in the number of people living in urban settlements. United Nations - Correct Answers ✅An international organization formed after WWII to promote international peace, security, and cooperation. League of Nations - Correct Answers ✅A world organization established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace. It was first proposed in 1918 by President Woodrow Wilson, although the United States never joined the League. Essentially powerless, it was officially dissolved in 1946.

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Wilmot Priviso - Correct Answers ✅1846 - stated that no territory gained from Mexico would allow slavery. Never became a federal law, but was endorsed by most of the legislatures of the free states Symbolized the issue of slavery in the territories Kansas-Nebraska Act - Correct Answers ✅1854 - Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and gave the people in those territories the right to chose to be a free or slave state through popular sovereignty. Election of 1860 - Correct Answers ✅Presidential Election that ended with Abraham Lincoln as President, the Southern states began to secede forming the Confederate States of America with Jefferson Davis as their President. Missouri Compromise - Correct Answers ✅Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30' within the Louisiana Territory (1820) Bleeding Kansas - Correct Answers ✅A sequence of violent events involving abolitionists and pro-Slavery elements that took place in Kansas-Nebraska Territory. The dispute further strained the relations of the North and South, making civil war imminent.

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John Brown's Raid - Correct Answers ✅1859. Harpers Ferry - attempt by white abolitionist John Brown to start an armed slave revolt by seizing US Arsenal at Harpers Ferry in Virginia. defeated by detachment of US marines led by Robert E. Lee. Within 36 hours most of Browns men were either killed or captured. Gilded Age - Correct Answers ✅..., A name for the late 1800s, coined by Mark Twain to describe the tremendous increase in wealth caused by the industrial age and the ostentatious lifestyles it allowed the very rich. The great industrial success of the U.S. and the fabulous lifestyles of the wealthy hid the many social problems of the time, including a high poverty rate, a high crime rate, and corruption in the government. Progressive Era - Correct Answers ✅Period of reform from 1890s- 1920s. Opposed waste and corruption while focusing on the general rights of the individual. Pushed for social justice, general equality, and public safety. Significant in this movement included trust-busting, Sherman Anti-trust Act, President Theodore Roosevelt, Upton Sinclair's "The Jungle", Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act of 1906.` Jane Addams - Correct Answers ✅1860-1935. Founder of Settlement House Movement. First American Woman to earn Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 as president of Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.

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Jacob Riis - Correct Answers ✅A Danish immigrant, he became a reporter who pointed out the terrible conditions of the tenement houses of the big cities where immigrants lived during the late 1800s. He wrote How The Other Half Lives in 1890. Susan B. Anthony - Correct Answers ✅social reformer who campaigned for women's rights, the temperance, and was an abolitionist, helped form the National Woman Suffrage Association Social Gospel - Correct Answers ✅reform movement that emerged in the late nineteenth century that sought to improve society by applying Christian principles populism - Correct Answers ✅the political doctrine that supports the rights and powers of the common people in their struggle with the privileged elite Populist Party - Correct Answers ✅U.S. political party formed in 1892 representing mainly farmers, favoring free coinage of silver and government control of railroads and other monopolies William Bryan Jennings - Correct Answers ✅Populist Leader, democratic candidate, writes crossing of gold speech; prosecutor in the "Scope's Monkey Trial"

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Boxer Rebellion - Correct Answers ✅1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops. Platt Amendment - Correct Answers ✅set of conditions under which Cuba was granted independence. Legislation that severely restricted Cuba's sovereignty and gave the US the right to intervene if Cuba got into trouble Causes of World War II - Correct Answers ✅Aggression by totalitarian powers, Nationalism, Failures of the Treaty of Versailles, Weakness of the League of Nations, Appeasement, Isolationism in the USA, Pacifism in Europe Effects of World War II - Correct Answers ✅Lead to direct rivalry between US and Soviet Union... The formation of NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Division of Germany. Emergence of Spheres of influence... Arms race, primarily focused on weapons of mass destruction. Red Scare - Correct Answers ✅A period of general fear of communists McCarthyism - Correct Answers ✅In 1950, Senator Joseph R. McCarthy began a sensational campaign against communists in government that led to more than four years of charges and counter-

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charges, ending when the Senate censured him in 1954. McCarthyism became the contemporary name for the red scare of the 1950's. Cold War - Correct Answers ✅1945-1991 A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted each other on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years. Berlin Wall - Correct Answers ✅A fortified wall surrounding West Berlin, Germany, built in 1961 to prevent East German citizens from traveling to the West. Its demolition in 1989 symbolized the end of the Cold War. This wall was both a deterrent to individuals trying to escape and a symbol of repression to the free world. Cuban Missile Crisis - Correct Answers ✅1962 crisis that arose between the United States and the Soviet Union over a Soviet attempt to deploy nuclear missiles in Cuba Camp David Accords - Correct Answers ✅The first signed agreement between Israel and an Arab country, in which Egyptian president Anwar Sadat recognized Israel as a legitimate state and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin agreed to return the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt. Nixon Goes to China - Correct Answers ✅Visit by the president to China to meet w. Mao Zedong to make progress in cooperating with each others' country.

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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS - Correct Answers ✅1954 - The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated. Miranda v. Arizona - Correct Answers ✅Supreme Court held that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to consult with an attorney and of their right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police. Gideon v. Wainwright - Correct Answers ✅a landmark case in United States Supreme Court history. In the case, the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that state courts are required under the Sixth Amendment of the Constitution to provide counsel in criminal cases for defendants unable to afford their own attorneys. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke - Correct Answers ✅Supreme Court upheld notion of affirmative action but said race could be only one factor in determining admission Freedom Riders - Correct Answers ✅Group of civil rights workers who took bus trips through southern states in 1961 to protest illegal bus segregation

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Black Power Movement - Correct Answers ✅African American movement that focused on gaining control of economic and political power to achieve equal rights by force in necessary. The Great Society - Correct Answers ✅Lyndon Johnson's program for poverty relief, healthcare, civil rights, etc. during his presidency. The New Frontier - Correct Answers ✅President Kennedy's proposals to improve the economy, help the poor and advance the Space Program Glasnost and Perestroika - Correct Answers ✅Glasnost is a policy that was introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev which means openness in 1985. He supported the Soviet citizens to talk about ways to improved their living environment. In 1985, he imported the idea of Perestroika, which means economic restructuring. This was tried in 1986. G.I. Bill - Correct Answers ✅law passed in 1944 to help returning veterans buy homes and pay for higher educations consumer culture - Correct Answers ✅a culture in which personal worth and identity reside not in the people themselves but in the products with which they surround themselves

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Korean War - Correct Answers ✅..., The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea. Rosewood Massacre - Correct Answers ✅a small black town in FL whose black men were accused of beating and raping a white woman. The town was burnt down by a white mob Harlem Renaissance - Correct Answers ✅A period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished Elizabeth Cady Stanton - Correct Answers ✅(1815-1902) A suffragette who, with Lucretia Mott, organized the first convention on women's rights, held in Seneca Falls, New York in 1848. Issued the Declaration of Sentiments which declared men and women to be equal and demanded the right to vote for women. Co-founded the National Women's Suffrage Association with Susan B. Anthony in 1869. W.E.B. DuBois - Correct Answers ✅1st black to earn Ph.D. from Harvard, encouraged blacks to resist systems of segregation and discrimination, helped create NAACP in 1910

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Booker T. Washington - Correct Answers ✅African American progressive who supported segregation and demanded that African American better themselves individually to achieve equality. Martin Luther King, Jr. - Correct Answers ✅U.S. Baptist minister and civil rights leader. A noted orator, he opposed discrimination against blacks by organizing nonviolent resistance and peaceful mass demonstrations. He was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee. Nobel Peace Prize (1964) Kellogg-Briand Pact - Correct Answers ✅Was signed on August 27, 1928 by the United States, France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Japan, and a number of other states. The pact renounced aggressive war, prohibiting the use of war as "an instrument of national policy" except in matters of self-defense. Panama Canal - Correct Answers ✅The United States built (finished) the Panama Canal to have a quicker passage to the Pacific from the Atlantic and vice versa. Henry Flagler - Correct Answers ✅One of the partners in Standard Oil; builder of Florida East Coast Railway; founded Palm Beach and "father" of Miami in 1890s