USMLE STEP 2 PEDIASTRICS UWORLD EXAM 2024 WITH 100% CORRECT, Exams of Nursing

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USMLE STEP 2 PEDIASTRICS UWORLD EXAM 2024 WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

STEP

Pediatrics UWORLD QUESTION ANSWER Age at which kids develop B-cell deficiency problems? 4-6 months Which type of cell is defective in children with recurrent opportunistic/fungal infections? T-cells What are the 4 B-and T-cell immunodeficiencies? SCID Ataxia-Telangiectasia Hyper IgM-syndrome Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome What are classic (triad) findings of Ataxia telangiectasia? ↓ IgA, cerebellar Ataxia, and Spider Angiomas What are signs that indicate suspicion for CGD? Inflammatory bowel disease, granulomas on intestinal bx, and person/family member with HX of recurrent infections What test confirms CGD? Oxidative burst test What are the 3 Phagocytic immunodeficiencies?

1. Leukocyte Adhesion defect 2. Chediak-Higashi syndrome 3. CGD What is the worst arrhythmia which kids with long QT interval are at risk for? Torsade de pointes What conditions ↑ risk for polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in Long QT ↑↑ HR and ↑↑ sympathetic activity

syndrome pts? What medications are used to prevent PVT in long QT interval patients? ß-blockers How does the "knee-chest" position in ToF help to relieve tet spells? ↑↑ SVR, ↑↑ pulmonary blood flow, and improve hypoxemia Common manifestations of possible hearing loss Inattention, social disinterest, speech delay, and HX of recurrent ear infections What is the 1st step in management is suspected hearing loss? Audiometry What types of HPV are seen in warts seen in the true vocal cords? HPV 6 and 11 How is respiratory papillomatosis presented in a child vertically transmitted? Hoarseness of voice due to "finger-shaped" growths on true vocal cords Common name for Otitis Externa Swimmer's ear Which otitis type is associated with pain with ear manipulation (pulling), externa or media? Otitis externa What is the most common source of infection leading to Otitis Externa? Outdoor water sources Is cerumen acidic or basic? Acidic Kid pulling on ear lobe constantly. MC DX? Otitis media MC pathogen causative of Otitis Externa? Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Antibiotic TX for Otitis externa? Amoxicillin ± clavulanate What are the 3 criteria to diagnose OE?

1. S/S for 10 days or more w/out improvement 2. S/S with severe fever (≥39C (102.2F) + drainage ≥ 3days
2. S/S biphasic illness ± Fever What is the defect associated with fetal hyperglycemia during 1st trimester? Malformation What are the defect associated with fetal hyperglycemia after 1st trimester? Macrosomia, birth injury, and hypoglycemia. What is the MC complication in infants of DM mothers? Hypoglycemia What enzyme is missing in von Gierke disease? Glucoese-6-phosphatase What are the main S/S of von Gierke disease? Hypoglycemia (±seizures), lactic acidosis, hyper- uricemia, and hyper-lipidemia Doll-like face von Gierke disease What physical features of von Gierke disease? "Doll-like face", thin extremities, short-stature, and protuberant abdomen Is von Gierke disease seen with or without hepatomegaly? Hepatomegaly that causes the protuberant abdomen What is the MC lead point resulting in recurrent intussusception in kids? Meckel diverticulum

What is an atypical location for intussusception? Small bowel What test is used to diagnose Meckel diverticulum? Nuclear scintigraphy What is intraosseous access? Technique in which bone marrow cavity is used as a non-collapsible vascular entry point. When do you use intraosseous access? Emergency situations in which a peripheral access cannot be obtained Which requires higher skill level: Intraosseous access or Central Venous catheter placement? Central Venous catheter How is the Red Cell Distribution (RDW) in thalassemia minor? Normal What does an elevated reticulocyte count mean? Compensation by the bone marrow in response to anemia What does Splenic sequestration mean? Fatal complication of SCD in which blood cells and platelets become entrapped within the spleen. What are the S/S of Splenic sequestration? Anemia, splenomegaly, and hypovolemic shock What is the initial treatment protocol for SCA complicated by splenic sequestration? IV fluids and Packed RBC transufion What causes Urticarial transfusion reatcion? Preformed recipient IgE antibodies reacting against a solutble allergen in the donated plasma What is the treatment for Urticaral Stop transfusion and diphendydramine

transfusion recation? What is the PPX for better survival in SCA patients? Pneumococcal vaccination + Penicillin prophylaxis What are sutble clues for SCA?

• ↑↑ Reticulocyte count - Previous hospital admission due to pain - Hematuria