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UWF EDF 6225 Exam 2 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions, Exams of Nursing

What is positive reinforcement? ✅ ANS the addition or presentation of a stimulus that results in an increase in future behavior How do we confirm a stimulus serves as reinforcement? ✅ ANS There is data to show the behavior increased. Where does reinforcement fall in the 3 term contingency? ✅ ANS consequence When should reinforcement be delivered? ✅ ANS IMMEDIATELY Why should reinforcement be delivered immediately? ✅ ANS You don't want to allow enough time for another behavior to occur & potentially reinforce the wrong behavior.

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Download UWF EDF 6225 Exam 2 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! UWF EDF 6225 Exam 2 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions What is positive reinforcement? ANS the addition or presentation of a stimulus that results in an increase in future behavior How do we confirm a stimulus serves as reinforcement? ANS There is data to show the behavior increased. Where does reinforcement fall in the 3 term contingency? ANS consequence When should reinforcement be delivered? ANS IMMEDIATELY Why should reinforcement be delivered immediately? ANS You don't want to allow enough time for another behavior to occur & potentially reinforce the wrong behavior. What is a discriminative stimulus? ANS a stimulus that signals that reinforcement will be available What is an S-Delta? ANS Stimulus that lets you know a behavior will NOT be reinforced, tells you reinforcement is not available. A reinforcer only functions as reinforcement if the data shows the behavior occurred _______ in the future. ANS more What is an establishing operation? ANS A motivating operation that increases the effectiveness of some stimulus. Ex: deprivation What is an abolishing operation? ANS A motivating operation that decreases the current effectiveness of some stimuli. Ex: satiation What is a motivating operation? ANS An environmental event that alters the EFFECTIVENESS of a reinforcer What is rule-governed behavior? ANS Delayed consequences that influence behavior. It's a contingency that's not immediate but it still influences behavior. Ex: working for a biweekly paycheck What are some indicators of rule governed behavior? ANS - no immediate consequence -response to consequence delay >30secs. -behavior increases w/o reinforcement -large increase in behavior following 1 instance of reinforcement What is superstitious behavior? ANS it occurs when reinforcement "accidentally" follows a behavior when the behavior did not actually provide the reinforcement. ex: lucky socks What is automatic reinforcement? ANS When the behavior itself provides the reinforcement. ex: pen tapping, hair twirling, nail biting What is an unconditioned reinforcer? ANS a reinforcer that requires no learning experience in order to be effective What is a conditioned reinforcer? ANS A stimulus that was initially neutral but became a reinforcer through pairing with other stimulus. What is a generalized conditioned reinforcer? ANS A reinforcer that has been paired with so many other stimuli that it is not affected by EO. What is a free operant preference assessment? ANS All stimuli are available, there is no response requirement, no stimuli are removed from trial What is differential positive reinforcement? ANS offering reinforcement for completing tasks or remaining in the environment What is positive punishment? ANS adding a stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior happening in the future What is negative punishment? ANS removal of a stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future What is recovery from punishment? ANS Stopping the punishment or penalty contingency for a previously punished response causes the response frequency to increase to its rate before the punishment or penalty contingency When should punishment occur? ANS immediately following response More intense punishment results in? ANS more response suppression, less likely to access reinforcement- most effective When a punishment procedure is in place there can be no ________ for the target behavior? ANS reinforcement What is behavioral contrast? ANS A change in the reinforcement schedule of one setting causes a behavior to have the opposite effect in other settings. For example, kiddo normally eats cookies with grandma. Grandma starts punishing eating cookies, so his cookie eating decreases with grandma but increases at home. What is a reprimand? ANS a verbal or sound punisher What is response blocking? ANS intervening as soon as the behavior starts to prevent the completion of the response What is RIRD? ANS Response Interruption & Redirection: interrupting stereotypic behavior & redirecting the individual to do a high-p behavior instead What is contingent excercise? ANS participant is required to do a response not topographically related to the behavior ex: running 5 laps for forgetting gym clothes What is overcorrection? ANS participant is required to do a response topographically related to the behavior What is restitutional overcorrection? ANS Client must restore the environment to an even better state than before the behavior occurred. What is positive practice overcorrection? ANS required to repeatedly perform the correct form of the behavior What is time out from positive reinforcement? ANS the loss of access to positive reinforcers for a brief period contingent on the problem behavior What is non exclusion time out? ANS participant is not completely removed from the time in setting What is planned ignoring? ANS The opportunity to earn social reinforcers is removed for a set duration of time. What is termination of specific reinforcer contact? ANS each occurrence of target behavior immediately stops an activity or sensory reinforcer ex: taking ipad for swearing What is contingent observation? ANS repositioned to observe activities but access to reinforcers is lost What is a partition/select space time out? ANS remaining in the setting but restricted to a panel/cubicle/corner What is exclusion time out? ANS removed from time-in environment for a specified period What is a time out room? ANS confined area devoid of positive reinforcers What is Hallway Time-Out? ANS student goes into the hallway until time out period expires Time in settings must be? ANS reinforcing What is response cost? ANS loss of a specified amount of reinforcement What are methods of response cost? ANS -fines -bonus response cost -combined w/ positive reinforcement -combined w/ group consequences What is a schedule of reinforcement? ANS when and how often the reinforcement occurs What is CRF? ANS Continuous reinforcement, where each response is reinforced What is intermittent reinforcement? ANS reinforcing only some responses Why use intermittent reinforcement? ANS -to maintain behaviors after treatment ends -to progress naturally occurring reintegration What is DRH? ANS Differential Reinforcement of High Rates of Behavior occurs when the delivery of reinforcement is contingent on responses occurring at higher than a pre-determined criterion. DRH schedules produce high rates of responding and shorter interval times. What is DRL? ANS Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates: reinforcement for responses lower than a predetermined criterion What durations can DRH & DRL be used in? ANS intervals or full session What is a DRD? ANS Differential Reinforcement of Diminishing Rates: provides reinforcement at the end of a predetermined interval when the # of responses is less than a criterion, it is gradually decreased across intervals based on individual performance What are progressive schedules of reinforcement?! ANS they systematically thin each successive reinforcement opportunity independent of participants behavior What do you have to look out for with progressive schedules? ANS ratio strain What is a compound schedule of reinforcement? ANS The combination of 2 or more basic schedules of reinforcement that can occur successively or simultaneously, with or without SD What is a concurrent schedule of reinforcement? ANS the simultaneous presentation of two or more independent schedules, each leading to a reinforcer What is matching law? ANS when 2 or more schedules are presented, preference is shown to the behavior with the highest amount of reinforcement What is a multiple schedule of reinforcement? ANS 2 or more basic schedules in an alternating, random sequence. SD tells you which schedule is in place. What is a chained schedule of reinforcement? ANS -2 or more schedules always changing in the same order -schedules can reinforce the same or different behaviors -conditioned reinforcement for responding in 1 schedule, is the presentations of the next -discriminative stimulus What are the discriminative schedules of reinforcement? ANS multiple & chained What is a mixed schedule? ANS the same as multiple BUT no SD What is a tandem schedule? ANS the same as chained BUT no SD What is an alternative schedule? ANS provides reinforcement for one schedule or the other (ratio or interval) What is a conjunctive schedule? ANS reinforcement followed completion of BOTH schedules, ratio and interval