Washington Aquatic Pesticide Exam questions with 100% correct answers.docx, Exams of Oral Biology

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state regulates under ______ and ecology, but ecology is more restrictive WSDA EPA regulates under FIFRA (federal insecticide, fungicide, and rodenticide act) most water bodies are restrictive use (except for closed bodies of water, general use) and permission is given by department of ecology

What other agencies might you need to work with besides ecology and WSDA? WDFW, WDNR and the local city acute effects of pesticides on plants phytotoxicity from adjuvants and fluridone treated water pesticides that cause acute toxicity on fish acrolein, xylene, and temephos pesticides that cause acute toxicity in invertebrates larvicides, acrolein, and xylene three categories of aquatic plants (by their position in the water) emersed, submersed, and floating how many larvae instars do mosquitos have? 4

which mosquito groups overwinter as eggs or larvae? Ades and Coquillettidia All mosquito groups get air from siphons on their larvae tails, except Coquillettidia Which mosquito group has larvae that is horizontal to the water surface? Anopheles which mosquito groups lay their eggs in rafts? Culex, Culiseta, and Coquillisettidia which mosquito group is the most common in cities? Culex Which mosquito group is found in pools with vegetation, marshes? Coquillettidia

what are three control methods for mosquitos? water management, mechanical barriers (screens), and chemical controls these fly adults drop their eggs into flowing water, and the eggs settle at the bottom black flies which of these flies does not need a blood meal to develop eggs? A. mosquitos b. black flies C. midges d. no-see-ums c these fly larvae eat algae, decaying org matter, protozoa, and bacteria black flies, mosquitos, and midges these adult flies feed on nectar black flies and mosquitos

chemical larvicides to control black flies organophosphates, Bascillus thuringensis var. israelensis, pyrethrins these flies are indicators of polluted water midges some of these fly larvae swim, and some burrow into the mud, and indicate low oxygen conditions if they are red midges how do you control populations of midges? control pollution and resulting algae that is the main source of larval food, and use space treatments for adults these fly adults travel the shortest distance to find a mate

no-see-ums the larva of this fly live in a range of habitats: water, sand, decaying vegetation, banks of rivers, streams, lakes, and seashores no-see-ums If you are going to use gambusia to control mosquitos, you need to contact this agency... Department of fish and wildlife what is the only piscicide registered for control in Washington? rotenone when you are starting a partial treatment, start the application at the point __________ from the shore and seal off the area to be treated farthest

after doing a partial treatment, the restock interval is ___ to ___ weeks from application 2 to 4 mosquito larvae are called wrigglers mosquito pupae are called tumblers 1 cubic foot of water is ___ gallons

1 cubic foot of water is ___ pounds

state legislation governing the use of chemicals in water primarily falls under the guidance of which departments? washington state department of agriculture (WSDA) and Washington state department of ecology (Ecology)

It is illegal to put pesticides in water unless you have obtained permission for application from this Washington department department of ecology before making any application to water, you need this permit from Washington Department of Ecology National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit Some aquatic pesticides registered by _____ for use in aquatic systems may not be approved for use by ______ due to the the pesticide nature and environmental effects WSDA / Ecology What agencies might by contacted by Ecology to review information on your national pollutant discharge elimination system permit?

Department of Fish and Wildlife, Department of Natural Resources, and your local or city planning agencies if you use grass carp for weed control, you need to contact and work with this washington department department of fish and wildlife if wildlife or inland fish may be in jeopardy from an aquatic pest management approach, you need to contact and work with this washington department department of fish and wildlife if an endangered species or their habitat is affected by your aquatic pest management approach, you need to contact and work with this washington department department of natural resources

four types of aquatic weeds emersed, floating, submersed, and algae what are the two types of algae? filamentous (pond scum and chara) and plankton (single cell or colonies) what are the two main characteristics used to identify mosquitos

1. body scales, wing veins and edges
2. female proboscis what type of metamorphosis do mosquitos undergo? complete which life stages of a mosquito are associated with water? egg, larvae, pupa why do female mosquitos require a blood meal? protein for viable eggs

mosquitos primarily obtain blood from mammals, birds, and reptiles mosquito eggs laid just above the water line ____ with the rise in the water level hatch mosquito eggs placed on water surfaces hatch after an incubation period of ______ ______ several days what triggers mosquito eggs to hatch when laid outside of the water? dissolved O2 or low temperatures mosquitos that lay eggs on water overwinter as _____ while those that lay eggs on nonflooded substrates overwinter as ______ adults, eggs

mosquito wrigglers live in ____ _____ still water this type of vegetation can by important in large bodies of water to protect mosquito larvae from waves emergent what do mosquito larvae feed on? algae, protozoans, yeast, bacteria, fungi how many instars to mosquito larvae undergo prior to pupation? 4 mosquito larvae development is completed within ___ to ___ days 4 to 10 where are the mosquito pupae breathing tubes located? on their thorax what do mosquito pupae feed on?

nothing how long is the mosquito pupae stage? 3 days Mosquito eggs, larvae, and pupae develop (faster/slower) in warmer water faster male mosquitos live ___ to ___ days while females live ___ months 7 to 10, 2 what is the best tool to sample mosquito larvae? a white enamel or plastic dipper surveys of this life stage of mosquitos can provide information on the production sources for flood, irrigation, and snow-water mosquitos egg

what are four tactics for water management for mosquitos? eliminate water suitable for breeding, use predaceous fish, prevent water from accumulating, increase water movement what is a top-feeding minnow that is a successful mosquito larvae predator? gambusia affinis what are two types of chemical controls for mosquitos? larvicides and adulticides what are two adulticides used on mosquitos? space treatments and residual insecticides An ultra low volume application uses high velocity-concentrated pesticide to generate extremely small droplets

ULV

which insects drop their eggs in flowing water with a medium or fast current? black flies how many generations do black flies have and when are they most active? 1, daytime what abiotic factor plays a key role in black fly development? temperature how do black fly larvae stop themselves from floating away in a fast moving stream? attach to rocks or concrete with a suction cup and silk What do black fly larvae eat? algae, protozoa, bacteria, and decaying organic matter by filtration

these flies are known for their ability to travel distances greater than a mile black flies What is the best way to survey black flies? examine solid surfaces (rocks, sticks, and vegetation) in the stream for larvae what is the only option for black fly control because they live in flowing water? chemical control what are types of chemical control used to control black flies in the larval stage? larvicides, B. thuringiensis, pyrethrins, and organophosphate how are midges a nuisance?

their scales and dried body parts cause asthma and other allergies Which aquatic application equipment is not well suited for smaller sites? A) compressed air sprayer with hand operated pump B) boat-mounted pimp and tank rig C) sprinkler B What application equipment is used frequently for insecticide applications? (2) Foggers and ultra low-volume (ULV) A voracious minnow with an appetite for mosquito larvae Gambusia affinis Species of bacteria lethal to mosquito larvae Basillus thuringiensis

Since mosquitoes can't be eliminated, management programs are then called... Abatement programs This pesticide is toxic to trout and most other fishes Copper sulfate Show definitions