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What is sociology, its nature, scope and subject matter of sociology?
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What is sociology, its nature, scope and subject matter of sociology?
WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY?
“Sociology is the systematic study of human society and social interaction”.
It is a systematic study because sociologists apply both theoretical perspectives and research methods (or orderly approaches) to examinationsof social behaviors.
Sociologists study human societiesand their social interactions to develop theoriesof how human behavior is shaped by group life andhow, in turn, group life is affected by individuals.
Sociology is a discipline in social sciences concerned with the human society and human social activities. It is one of the youngest social sciences.
Auguste Comte , a French social thinker, is traditionally known as the ‘ Father of Sociology’ as he coined the term ‘ Sociology’ in 1838. He is also considered as the founder of modern sociology. He called it “Social Physics”.
Meaning of Sociology:
The term sociology is composed of two words;
They generally define sociology as study of :
Definitions of Sociology by Famous Sociologists:
“The chief interest of sociology is the people, the ideas, the customs, the other distinctively human phenomena which surround man and influence him, and which are, therefore, part of his environment”.
Model of Sociology
Social Action
Social Interactio n
Network of Social Relationship s
Social Groups and Social Institutions
Society
Nature of Sociology: In nature of sociology we investigate, what type of subject Sociology is? Is sociology a science, or an art or what? To answer this question Robert Bierstedt enlisted the following characteristics of sociology in his book “ The Social Order ”:
a) Ruralsociology : As word says it studies about society of village or rural society.It deals with the relationship structure and economic activities of rural people.Itwas originated in U.S.A.According to Sanderson,"rural sociology is the sociology of social life in the rural environment. In many countries,mostpfte people live in rural area. Their way of life is also different than urban people.Therefore rural sociology is an important subject.It is studid in Nepal an M.A level as a separate discipline (department) b)Urban sociology : In modern age,due to the advancement of science and the technology, the rural areas are develop into city area or urban area.The urbanization is growing very fast.Urban sociology studies the life of people in urban area,It studies the way of life of people in urban area.Thestructureofsociety,the social relationship and teh economic studies and employment system are also studid by urban sociologist.It also studies the nature of changing society in urban area,the secondary relationship.e.t.c.
generations.It includes the functional importance of education,relations between educational institute and society.