Download WRT Exam Review (2024/2025) | Actual Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 (Grade and more Exams Medicine in PDF only on Docsity! WRT Exam Review (2024/2025) | Actual Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 (Graded A+) The most critical course of action in restorative drying is to ___________________ _______________ and begin __________________ as soon as possible. Answer ✔✔Respond Quickly & Mitagation All restorers should follow the standard of care for the water restoration profession developed by the restoration industry entitled the IICRC _____________________. Answer ✔✔S500 Standard To help protect technicians from the many hazards associated with contaminated water losses, restorers need to have ready access to several items. These items protect for all ____________________ _________________ to the body. Answer ✔✔Potential Exposures Respiratory protection regulations state that the employer must provide: _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ Answer ✔✔Medical Evaluation Fit Testing Training The contract clearly states the agreement between the building owner and the restoration contractor. The form specifies who is responsible for payment and should be signed ______________________ work begins. Answer ✔✔Before The technician's first responsibility when arriving at a water damage site is to identify, communicate and eliminate ______________ _________________ if reasonably possible. Answer ✔✔Safety Hazards Federal regulations apply to the handling of _________ based paint and asbestos. Answer ✔✔Lead After safety concerns have been addressed and the initial water source has been stopped, the restorer must complete an evaluation of the water's migration through the structure. During this process, the restorer inspects all _________________ ____________________ areas. Answer ✔✔Potentially Affected The ultimate goal is to find the "edge" of water migration, which moves in a three-dimensional path throughout the structure. This is accomplished across carpeted surfaces using a ______________ _______________, and across most hard surfaces using a ______________________________ (non- penetrating) moisture meter. Answer ✔✔Moisture Sensor Non-invasive Water from a clean source with no substantial risk of causing sickness or discomfort is said to be _____________________ ____ water. Answer ✔✔Category 1 Water that has a significant degree of chemical, biological and/or physical contamination and a potential to cause sickness or discomfort is __________________ ____. Answer ✔✔Category 2 Cleaning procedures must be employed before the drying of a Category 2 water loss can continue. At a minimum, affected __________________ must be removed and disposed of, and carpet must be thoroughly cleaned using a hot water extraction method. Answer ✔✔Carpet Pads When water intrusion results from a grossly unsanitary source or carries ___________________ (disease causing) agents, it is said to be Category 3. Answer ✔✔Pathogenic Worker and occupant __________________ and safety are the first priority on every sewage loss. Areas affected by Category 3 water intrusion are marked and posted as potentially hazardous. Answer ✔✔Health Various cleaning and decontamination procedures must be used on Category 3 water losses, including the removal of all ________________ _________________ materials affected by the water intrusion. Answer ✔✔Highly Porous When resistance is encountered and performing proper services in a Category 3 water loss becomes a challenge, restorers ______________ ________________ immediately to prevent liability and address the conflict. Answer ✔✔Stop Work How many gallons of water are present in a basement that measures 30' × 25' where water is standing at a depth of 6' 9"? (L x W = Sq Ft x Inches Deep / 12 = Cu Ft) (Cu Ft x 7.48 = Gallons) Answer ✔✔30 x 25 = 750 Sq Ft (6 x 12) + 9 = 81 Inches Deep 750 x 81 = 60,750 / 12 = 5,062.5 Cu Ft 5,062.5 x 7.48 = 37,867.5 Gallons Every cubic foot of standing water present in a structure contains __________ gallons (28.3 liters), and each gallon (3.8 liters) of water weighs 8.34 pounds (3.8 kg). Answer ✔✔7.48 There are three levels of biocidal activity, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [Provide name and description, starting with weakest]: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Answer ✔✔Sanitizer: Designed to reduce the # of pathogenic microorganisms to a safe level. This is the lowest level of biocidal activity. Disinfectant: Designed to destroy or inactivate microorganisms, not spores. Sterilizers: Designed to destroy/eliminate all forms of microorganisms and all spores Whenever a chemical antimicrobial or biocide is used, restorers must follow the label ________________ explicitly. Answer ✔✔Directions Most antimicrobials require that the area of application be vacated by ___________ and pets during application and for a period of time after application. Answer ✔✔Occupants Establishing a _________ __________ is the best way to set restorative drying goals. A dry standard is established by obtaining a moisture reading using an _____________________ material. Answer ✔✔Dry Standard Unaffected The numerical value from a moisture meter can be documented and used to monitor progress. For this reason, the amount of moisture absorbed by semi-porous structural materials is measured most accurately with a moisture ___________, not a moisture sensor. Answer ✔✔Meter Because of their non-invasive nature and quick surveying capabilities, noninvasive meters are the most effective tools for locating abnormal moisture behind and beneath finishing materials such as ___________ _______________ and resilient ___________ floor coverings. Answer ✔✔Ceramic Tile Vinyl A thermo-hygrometer is used to monitor any air that can influence the ___________________ and/or _______________________ _______________________ within a restorative drying environment. Answer ✔✔Temperature Relative Humidity To evaluate the progress of structural drying projects, restorers should measure: moisture in ____________ being dried (moisture content readings) _____ being used to dry affected materials (psychrometric readings) _____ produced by mechanical systems (dehumidifiers) Answer ✔✔Mats Air Air 1. Evaporation will increase when: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Answer ✔✔Wet materials are made warmer When drier air is used When air is moved more rapidly across the wet surface After excess water has been extracted, the time needed to dry wet materials is determined by the _____________________________________________________. Answer ✔✔Rate of Evaporation As the water is rapidly evaporated, the water vapor is removed by _________________________ or _____________________. Answer ✔✔Dehumidification Ventilation __________________ occurs when liquid changes to a vapor. Occurs as energy is increased. Answer ✔✔Evaporation As moisture evaporates from a wet material, the surface of the material becomes ___________________ because energy is released from the material. Answer ✔✔Cooler __________________ occurs when vapor changes to a liquid. Occurs as energy is removed. Answer ✔✔Condinsation ______________________ occurs when a solid changes to a vapor (without going through a liquid phase). Answer ✔✔Sublimation Freeze drying (sublimation) is typically used with valuable saturated books and documents. Books and documents saturated with clean water may be restorable if: ________________ or ___________________ as quickly as possible. Answer ✔✔Frozen Dried ____________________ ______________________ is defined as the amount of moisture contained in an air sample, as compared to the maximum amount the air could hold at that temperature. Answer ✔✔Relative Humidity When the air temperature increases, it can hold _________________ water vapor. Answer ✔✔More Vapor pressure, dew point and humidity ratio (GPP) are ___________ ___________ to each other. When one increases, the other two _____________. When one decreases, the other two _____________. Answer ✔✔Directly Related Increase Decrease Water vapor pressure is the force that drives higher concentrations of humidity from one space to another in an attempt to seek _________________ with lower concentrations of water vapor. Answer ✔✔Equilibrium The ability for water vapor to diffuse through a solid material is expressed as the material's __________________. Answer ✔✔Permeance Drying Systems [provide name and brief description of each]: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Answer ✔✔Open Drying System: Ventilation (at least 70°) Closed Drying System: Dehumidifiers Combination Drying System: Both Ventilation and Dehumidifiers Choose which drying systems could be used in these conditions. Outside Affected area Open Closed Combo 1.) 95° / 45%RH 80° / 50%RH __________ ____________ ___________ 2.) 40° / 70%RH 75° / 40%RH __________ ____________ ___________ 3.) 75° / 20%RH 70° / 60%RH __________ ____________ ___________ Answer ✔✔1.) Closed 2.) Combination 3.) Open If open drying is determined appropriate, the following options (while keeping building security in mind) are available to the restorer: __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ Answer ✔✔Open Windows Ventilation Fans Additional Fans _______________________________ drying systems merge the benefits of both open and closed drying: the use of available, dry air from outside and the control offered by a closed system and mechanical dehumidification. Answer ✔✔Combination Elevating the temperature of a material will increase the _______________ _____________ associated with the moisture in the material. Answer ✔✔Vapor Pressure If the surface temperature of the material is higher than the ___________ point temperature of the surrounding air, evaporation may occur. Answer ✔✔Dew Which of these surface temperatures would have the fastest rate of evaporation? a. 10° below dew point b. 20° above dew point c. 30° above dew point Answer ✔✔c. 30° above dew point Class 1 water intrusions involve the ________ amount of water absorption, with less than ____% of the area surfaces being wet porous materials. Answer ✔✔Least about 5% Class 2 water intrusions involve a ______________ amount of water absorption, with more than ___% but less than ____% of area surfaces being wet porous materials. Answer ✔✔Significant 5% 40% Class 3 water intrusions involve the ____________ amount of water absorption, with more than ____% of area surfaces being wet porous materials. Answer ✔✔Greatest 40% Wet materials present in a Class 4 water intrusion require a ________ time to dry. Water has saturated deeply into the materials and is held or trapped as bound water. Low evaporation materials have ______________ absorption of water. Answer ✔✔Longer Significant Restorers must maintain their safety certified equipment properly. This includes replacing ___________ that are damaged, replacing damaged inlet and outlet __________, and checking for ______________ electrical plugs. Answer ✔✔Cords Screens Grounded Install ____ air mover for each ___________ area before you calculate additional air movers for the square feet of surfaces and for room offsets. Answer ✔✔1 Affected Dehumidification reduces the _______________________ content of the air. Answer ✔✔Moisture A balanced drying system is achieved when the rate of dehumidification is greater than or equal to the rate of _____________________________. Answer ✔✔Evaporation When using conventional refrigerant dehumidifiers that remove 125 pints at AHAM test conditions, the number installed initially on a Class 1 water loss with 25,000 cubic ft. is: Answer ✔✔25,000 / 100 = 250 / 125 = 2 Dehus When using desiccant dehumidification in a Class 4 water loss in a 2,000 square ft. structure with a 9- foot ceiling height, the initial CFM required is: Answer ✔✔2,000 x 9 = 18,000 x 3 = 54,000 / 60 = 900 CFM When using low grain refrigerant (LGR) dehumidifiers that remove 72 pints at AHAM test conditions, the number installed initially on a Class 2 water loss with 18,000 cubic ft. is: Answer ✔✔18,000 / 50 = 360 / 72 = 5 Dehus Refrigerant Formula (always divide) Answer ✔✔1. Cubic Footage ÷ Chart Factor = Total PPD (Pints Per Day) Removal Recommendation 2. Total PPD Removal Recommendation ÷ Dehumidifier AHAM Rating = # of Dehumidifiers Desiccant Formula (divide by 60 for base CFM. Then multiply by ACH) Answer ✔✔1. Cubic Footage ÷ 60 × Chart Factor (ACH) = Total CFM Recommendation 2. Total CFM Recommendation ÷ Dehumidifier CFM Rating = # of Dehumidifiers A room with water damage measures 16 feet × 12 feet. Water has wetted all of the flooring in the room. The flooring is wet in an offset measuring 10 feet × 4 feet. Water is wicking up the walls less than 2 feet except for Wall A, measuring 12 feet × 8 feet. Water came down from above to wet all of Wall A but not the ceiling. The number of air movers to install will be: ________ for the room. ________ for the floors. ________ for the walls. ________ for the offset. The total number of air movers required is ____ - ____. Answer ✔✔1 4-5 1 1 7-8 Cupping will generally be the first indication of abnormal moisture levels in hardwood flooring as the ________________ and sides of the board absorb moisture. Answer ✔✔Bottom Cupping in hardwood is not _______________________ damage, and should be dried in most cases. Answer ✔✔Permanent _________________ represents the "was-wood" material with the least engineering, and thus the most natural fiber bonding. It is ________________ to swelling and delamination due to its wood veneer assemblies which are glued under extreme pressure. Answer ✔✔Plywood Resistent Wet particle board would normally be ________________________ and replaced. Answer ✔✔Removed Plastic Laminate Flooring is made of MDF and has a resin saturated appearance layer. Normally ___________________ in water restoration due to its construction and installation components. Answer ✔✔Removed Remove the vinyl (flooring) and discard it if the _____________________ is saturated and/or damaged; vinyl is a vapor barrier and the time required to dry underlayment will be dramatically reduced if the vinyl is removed. Answer ✔✔Subfloor Partial floating of carpet can be a way to achieve drying of all surfaces simultaneously and allows _____________ dry air to have more contact with wet flooring. Answer ✔✔Warm During the drying process, all of the gypsum's original strength is restored. In fact, the dried gypsum will normally be slightly _________________ than before wetting. Answer ✔✔Stronger In structures where the surface of the wall is covered with a non-________________ surface as a vapor barrier, it may be necessary to remove base molding, drill holes and introduce air movement. Answer ✔✔Permeable Airflow in the wall cavity increases the rate of ____________________ and allows the wall to dry from both inside and out. Answer ✔✔Evaporation When ceilings are affected, drying procedures are similar to wall drying. If the ceiling is sagging or otherwise damaged, wet drywall is drained, ________________ and _________________. Answer ✔✔Removed Discarding Specific types of secondary damage associated with contents are typically: _____________________ ____________ __________________ ______________________ ______________ of __________ / ____________ Answer ✔✔Swelling Staining Color Transfer Delamination of Surface/Finish Material Inspections are more consistent when the overall goals are kept in mind: a. Determine how wet items are: Monitor ____________ in most circumstances. Use the same ______________ in the same locations each day.