WRT Exam Review questions with answers, Exams of Water and Wastewater Engineering

Download WRT Exam Review questions with answers and more Exams Water and Wastewater Engineering in PDF only on Docsity! WRT Exam Review questions with answers The most critical course of action in restorative drying is to ___________________ _______________ and begin __________________ as soon as possible. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔Respond Quickly & Mitagation All restorers should follow the standard of care for the water restoration profession developed by the restoration industry entitled the IICRC _____________________. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔S500 Standard To help protect technicians from the many hazards associated with contaminated water losses, restorers need to have ready access to several items. These items protect for all ____________________ _________________ to the body. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔Potential Exposures Respiratory protection regulations state that the employer must provide: _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Medical Evaluation Fit Testing Training The contract clearly states the agreement between the building owner and the restoration contractor. The form specifies who is responsible for payment and should be signed ______________________ work begins. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Before The technician's first responsibility when arriving at a water damage site is to identify, communicate and eliminate ______________ _________________ if reasonably possible. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Safety Hazards Federal regulations apply to the handling of _________ based paint and asbestos. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Lead After safety concerns have been addressed and the initial water source has been stopped, the restorer must complete an evaluation of the water's migration through the structure. During this process, the restorer inspects all _________________ ____________________ areas. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Potentially Affected The ultimate goal is to find the "edge" of water migration, which moves in a three- dimensional path throughout the structure. This is accomplished across carpeted surfaces using a ______________ _______________, and across most hard surfaces using a ______________________________ (non-penetrating) moisture meter. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Moisture Sensor Non-invasive Water from a clean source with no substantial risk of causing sickness or discomfort is said to be _____________________ ____ water. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Category 1 Water that has a significant degree of chemical, biological and/or physical contamination and a potential to cause sickness or discomfort is __________________ ____. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Category 2 Cleaning procedures must be employed before the drying of a Category 2 water loss can continue. At a minimum, affected __________________ must be removed and disposed of, and carpet must be thoroughly cleaned using a hot water extraction method. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Carpet Pads When water intrusion results from a grossly unsanitary source or carries ___________________ (disease causing) agents, it is said to be Category 3. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Pathogenic Worker and occupant __________________ and safety are the first priority on every sewage loss. Areas affected by Category 3 water intrusion are marked and posted as potentially hazardous. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Health Whenever carpet must be disengaged from the tackless strip, a ___________ _________ and carpet awl must be used. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Knee Kicker The majority of cushion has a skin or mesh on the top side. The purpose of this skin is to ease _____________ _____________________ during installation; it is not a vapor barrier. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Carpet Stretching If the carpet is to be re-installed, technicians should avoid cutting carpet seams unless it is absolutely___________________. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Necessary How many gallons of water are present in a basement that measures 30' × 25' where water is standing at a depth of 6' 9"? (L x W = Sq Ft x Inches Deep / 12 = Cu Ft) (Cu Ft x 7.48 = Gallons) - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔30 x 25 = 750 Sq Ft (6 x 12) + 9 = 81 Inches Deep 750 x 81 = 60,750 / 12 = 5,062.5 Cu Ft 5,062.5 x 7.48 = 37,867.5 Gallons Every cubic foot of standing water present in a structure contains __________ gallons (28.3 liters), and each gallon (3.8 liters) of water weighs 8.34 pounds (3.8 kg). - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔7.48 There are three levels of biocidal activity, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [Provide name and description, starting with weakest]: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔Sanitizer: Designed to reduce the # of pathogenic microorganisms to a safe level. This is the lowest level of biocidal activity. Disinfectant: Designed to destroy or inactivate microorganisms, not spores. Sterilizers: Designed to destroy/eliminate all forms of microorganisms and all spores Whenever a chemical antimicrobial or biocide is used, restorers must follow the label ________________ explicitly. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Directions Most antimicrobials require that the area of application be vacated by ___________ and pets during application and for a period of time after application. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔Occupants Establishing a _________ __________ is the best way to set restorative drying goals. A dry standard is established by obtaining a moisture reading using an _____________________ material. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Dry Standard Unaffected The numerical value from a moisture meter can be documented and used to monitor progress. For this reason, the amount of moisture absorbed by semi-porous structural materials is measured most accurately with a moisture ___________, not a moisture sensor. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Meter Because of their non-invasive nature and quick surveying capabilities, noninvasive meters are the most effective tools for locating abnormal moisture behind and beneath finishing materials such as ___________ _______________ and resilient ___________ floor coverings. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Ceramic Tile Vinyl A thermo-hygrometer is used to monitor any air that can influence the ___________________ and/or _______________________ _______________________ within a restorative drying environment. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Temperature Relative Humidity To evaluate the progress of structural drying projects, restorers should measure: moisture in ____________ being dried (moisture content readings) _____ being used to dry affected materials (psychrometric readings) _____ produced by mechanical systems (dehumidifiers) - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Mats Air Air 1. Evaporation will increase when: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Wet materials are made warmer When drier air is used When air is moved more rapidly across the wet surface After excess water has been extracted, the time needed to dry wet materials is determined by the _____________________________________________________. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Rate of Evaporation As the water is rapidly evaporated, the water vapor is removed by _________________________ or _____________________. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔Dehumidification Ventilation __________________ occurs when liquid changes to a vapor. Occurs as energy is increased. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Evaporation As moisture evaporates from a wet material, the surface of the material becomes ___________________ because energy is released from the material. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔Cooler __________________ occurs when vapor changes to a liquid. Occurs as energy is removed. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Condinsation ___________________ is the temperature at which air becomes saturated with moisture and can hold no more water vapor. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Dew Point When air is cooled, its capacity for water vapor is reduced. Eventually, if temperature is cooled enough, the relative humidity will reach ______________ or saturation. When this occurs, the air has reached its ________ point temperature. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔100% Dew If surfaces are ________________________ than the dew point of the surrounding air, water will condense on those surfaces and possibly cause secondary damage. If surfaces are ________________________ than the dew point of the surrounding air, evaporation can occur. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Cooler Warmer _____________ _____________ is the force exerted by a gas (vapor molecules) on the surrounding environment. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Vapor Pressure Vapor pressure, dew point and humidity ratio (GPP) are ___________ ___________ to each other. When one increases, the other two _____________. When one decreases, the other two _____________. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Directly Related Increase Decrease Water vapor pressure is the force that drives higher concentrations of humidity from one space to another in an attempt to seek _________________ with lower concentrations of water vapor. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Equilibrium The ability for water vapor to diffuse through a solid material is expressed as the material's __________________. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Permeance Drying Systems [provide name and brief description of each]: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Open Drying System: Ventilation (at least 70°) Closed Drying System: Dehumidifiers Combination Drying System: Both Ventilation and Dehumidifiers Choose which drying systems could be used in these conditions. Outside Affected area Open Closed Combo 1.) 95° / 45%RH 80° / 50%RH __________ ____________ ___________ 2.) 40° / 70%RH 75° / 40%RH __________ ____________ ___________ 3.) 75° / 20%RH 70° / 60%RH __________ ____________ ___________ - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔1.) Closed 2.) Combination 3.) Open If open drying is determined appropriate, the following options (while keeping building security in mind) are available to the restorer: __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Open Windows Ventilation Fans Additional Fans _______________________________ drying systems merge the benefits of both open and closed drying: the use of available, dry air from outside and the control offered by a closed system and mechanical dehumidification. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Combination Elevating the temperature of a material will increase the _______________ _____________ associated with the moisture in the material. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Vapor Pressure If the surface temperature of the material is higher than the ___________ point temperature of the surrounding air, evaporation may occur. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔Dew Which of these surface temperatures would have the fastest rate of evaporation? a. 10° below dew point b. 20° above dew point c. 30° above dew point - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔c. 30° above dew point Class 1 water intrusions involve the ________ amount of water absorption, with less than ____% of the area surfaces being wet porous materials. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔Least about 5% Class 2 water intrusions involve a ______________ amount of water absorption, with more than ___% but less than ____% of area surfaces being wet porous materials. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Significant 5% 40% Class 3 water intrusions involve the ____________ amount of water absorption, with more than ____% of area surfaces being wet porous materials. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔Greatest 40% Wet materials present in a Class 4 water intrusion require a ________ time to dry. Water has saturated deeply into the materials and is held or trapped as bound water. Low evaporation materials have ______________ absorption of water. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Longer c. Once the factor has been identified, use the following formula for LGRs and conventional refrigerants: Imperial: cubic ft. _____ factor = AHAM pints required. d. For desiccant dehumidifiers, use the formula: Imperial: factor _____ cubic ft. ÷ 60 = CFM required. e. The product of the formula represents the _______________ CFM (desiccants) or AHAM pints (refrigerants) required. This total is then compared to - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔Cubic 80 Degrees, 60%, 24 hrs Divide (/) Times (X) Total, Minimum When using conventional refrigerant dehumidifiers in a "Class 2" water loss containing 15,000 cubic ft., the initial AHAM-rated capacity required is: - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔15,000 / 40 = 375 PPD When using conventional refrigerant dehumidifiers that remove 125 pints at AHAM test conditions, the number installed initially on a Class 1 water loss with 25,000 cubic ft. is: - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔25,000 / 100 = 250 / 125 = 2 Dehus When using desiccant dehumidification in a Class 4 water loss in a 2,000 square ft. structure with a 9-foot ceiling height, the initial CFM required is: - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊 ✔✔2,000 x 9 = 18,000 x 3 = 54,000 / 60 = 900 CFM When using low grain refrigerant (LGR) dehumidifiers that remove 72 pints at AHAM test conditions, the number installed initially on a Class 2 water loss with 18,000 cubic ft. is: - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔18,000 / 50 = 360 / 72 = 5 Dehus Refrigerant Formula (always divide) - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔1. Cubic Footage ÷ Chart Factor = Total PPD (Pints Per Day) Removal Recommendation 2. Total PPD Removal Recommendation ÷ Dehumidifier AHAM Rating = # of Dehumidifiers Desiccant Formula (divide by 60 for base CFM. Then multiply by ACH) - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔1. Cubic Footage ÷ 60 × Chart Factor (ACH) = Total CFM Recommendation 2. Total CFM Recommendation ÷ Dehumidifier CFM Rating = # of Dehumidifiers A room with water damage measures 16 feet × 12 feet. Water has wetted all of the flooring in the room. The flooring is wet in an offset measuring 10 feet × 4 feet. Water is wicking up the walls less than 2 feet except for Wall A, measuring 12 feet × 8 feet. Water came down from above to wet all of Wall A but not the ceiling. The number of air movers to install will be: ________ for the room. ________ for the floors. ________ for the walls. ________ for the offset. The total number of air movers required is ____ - ____. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔1 4-5 1 1 7-8 Cupping will generally be the first indication of abnormal moisture levels in hardwood flooring as the ________________ and sides of the board absorb moisture. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Bottom Cupping in hardwood is not _______________________ damage, and should be dried in most cases. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Permanent _________________ represents the "was-wood" material with the least engineering, and thus the most natural fiber bonding. It is ________________ to swelling and delamination due to its wood veneer assemblies which are glued under extreme pressure. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Plywood Resistent Wet particle board would normally be ________________________ and replaced. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Removed Plastic Laminate Flooring is made of MDF and has a resin saturated appearance layer. Normally ___________________ in water restoration due to its construction and installation components. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Removed Remove the vinyl (flooring) and discard it if the _____________________ is saturated and/or damaged; vinyl is a vapor barrier and the time required to dry underlayment will be dramatically reduced if the vinyl is removed. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Subfloor Partial floating of carpet can be a way to achieve drying of all surfaces simultaneously and allows _____________ dry air to have more contact with wet flooring. - .......ANSWERS 🔷🖊✔✔Warm