WSET LEVEL 2 2/2 (2250 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)2024 REVISED GRADED 100% PASS(ACTUAL EXAM), Exams of Food Process Engineering

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WSET LEVEL 2 (450 QUESTIONS AND

ANSWERS) 2024 UPDATED GRADED A+.

Both Tank and Bottled-Fermented Sparking Wines start with what? - Answ Still Base Wine, usually light in alchohol, and processes add approximately 1-2% abv What is Tank Method? - Answ part of fermentation takes place in sealed tank, which prevents any carbon dioxide gas from escaping True or False: The base wine could be partially fermented must, where the last part of the fermentation takes place in a sealed tank - Answ True What is Prosecco? - Answ A sparkling wine from NE Italy, and it's usually made using the tank method What grape variety is used for Prosecco? - Answ The Glera grape, which gives a medium body, dry or off dry sparkling wine with stone fruit flavor What does Spumante mean? - Answ fully sparkling wine What does frizzante mean? - Answ lightly sparkling wine What is Conegliano-Valdobbiadene DOCG? - Answ a premier sparking wine from NE Italy What is Asti DOCG? - Answ a sweet fruity light bodied sparkling wine from Piedmont, and it's made from Muscat Flavors: peach, grape, rose What is Sekt? - Answ German word for sparkling wine, both made in Germany and Austria What are characteristics of Sekt? - Answ Most are simple, inexpensive tank-method wine Medium/Dry, light in body, floral and fruity

Generally uses cheap base wines sourced from anywhere in the EU What is the main quality advantage of Bottled Fermentation? - Answ Through extended contact with dead yeast, the wines can gain bready, biscuity flavors What is a base wine? - Answ A still wine that is blended with sugar and yeast and then bottled, sealed and stored. What is second fermentation? - Answ Takes place, in which the wine increases slightly in alcohol, and CO2, which cannot escape from the sealed bottle, becomes dissolved in the wine. What is yeast autolysis? - Answ Most important part of bottle fermentation. The yeast self digest, release flavours into the wine. Flavours are described as autolytic. What is disgorge? - Answ The process of removing the yeast sediments after fermentation and aging in bottle. What is the traditional method? - Answ Bottle is slowly tipped and jiggled so the yeast cells slide into the neck of the bottle. The plug of yeast in the neck is frozen, and pops out when the bottle is unsealed. The bottle is topped up with wine and sugar. What is dosage? - Answ The amount of sugar added, which determines the sweetness of the final bottled product. What is Brut? - Answ A very small amount of sugar is used What is the transfer method? - Answ Method to remove the yeast. Empty the entire contents of the bottles into a tank under pressure, then filtered, and rebottled. Not permitted in Champagne or Cava. Which grape varieties are used in Champagne to make sparkling wine? - Answ Pinot Noir, Meunier, Chardonnay What is Champagne's condition like? - Answ Cool climate, chalky soils, which allow sparkling wines to have high acidity, medium body, and light

alcohol. The weather varies from vintage to vintage, and the grapes do not fully ripen. What are non-vintage wines? - Answ a blend of different vintages for quality and consistency What is vintage Champagne? - Answ A portion of the best wine of exceptional years make vintage Champagne. What is the minimum legal period of yeast autolysis? - Answ 15 months What are Grandes Marques? - Answ famous Champagne houses Describe Vintage Champagne - Answ Complex, intense fruity and autolytic flavors with vegetal, nutty or honeyed complexity from bottle age. What is Cremant? - Answ Indicates sparkling wine made in France. The Loire is a major region for production. Where in the Loire Valley is Cremant made? - Answ Saumur, where Chenin Blanc is the main grape variety. It has high acidity, green and citrus fruit flavors, with some autolytic character. What is Cava? - Answ Spanish term for traditional-method sparkling wines. The main grape varieties are local Spanish ones. What are Cava's characteristics? - Answ Fairly neutral fruit flavors, hint of pear, medium acidity, and very little autolytic complexity Characteristics of Sparkling Reds in Australia? - Answ made with Shiraz, full bodied, with medium acidity, and intense black and red berry fruit notes. What are 3 ways for yeast to stop processing sugar into alcohol? - Answ 1. Remove yeast, using a fine filter to ensure none remain 2.Yeast could be poisoned using sulfur dioxide

3. Fortify (add alcohol) during fermentation What are Vin Doux Naturels? - Answ Sweet fortified wines from Southern France such as: Muscat de Beaumes de Venise

Muscat de Rivesaltes What are characterisitcs of Muscat de Beaumes de Venise and Muscat de Rivesaltes? - Answ unaged, intense fruity aromas (grape, peach, perfume). Medium/full-bodied, and sweet, with high alcohol and medium or low acidity Where is Moscatel de Valencia from? - Answ Spain Where is Rutherglen Muscat from? - Answ Northern Victoria, Australia What are the tasting notes for Rutherglen Muscat? - Answ Aged for a long period in oak, which oxydizes. Dried fruit and kernel flavors (raisin, prune, fig, dried apricot, coffee, toffee). Sweet, full bodied, with high alcohol and med or low acidity What is süssreserve? - Answ unfermented grape juice, used to sweeten medium or sweet German wines When do yeasts die? - Answ When alcohol reaches 15% What are 3 ways to concentrate sugar in grapes? - Answ 1. Dry the grapes

2. Noble Rot
3. Freeze the grapes How are grapes dried? - Answ They shrivel on the vine, or are laid out in well-ventilated, dry spaces that encourage evaporation. What is Botrytis cinerea? - Answ Noble rot, it attacks the skins, weakens skins, speeding up evaporation of water. The mold adds its own unique flavors What does Botrytis need? - Answ ripe, healthy grapes, damp, misty mornings, warm dry afternoons to speed the drying out of the grapes Which grape varieties are susceptible to noble rot? - Answ Semillon, Riesling, Chenin Blanc

What are tasting notes of botrytis wines? - Answ dried apricots, ryebread, pineapple, sweet biscuit, cabbage, orange marmalade, pineapple, mushroom Describe Sauternes - Answ region south of Graves AC in Bordeaux. Semillon is the main grape variety. Full bodied wines have high alcohol and citrus stone fruit and botrytis flavor (lemon, peach). Hint of new oak: vanilla, toast, coffee. What is Tokaji? - Answ wine from NE Hungary, the most famous are Tokaji Aszú. What are puttonyos? - Answ Level of sweetness in the wine. The sweetest is 6. Describe Tokaji - Answ Amber in color, full bodied, sweet, medium alcohol, dried fruits, sweet spices (orange peel, orange marmalade, dried apricots, raisins, cinnamon, ryebread). With age, gain notes of nut, coffee, caramel, and honey True or False: In order to be classified as a BA or a TBA, the levels of sugar in the most are so high that they can normally be achieved with the help of botrytis. - Answ True Where can botrytis affected sweet wines be made in the Loire, and what grape varietal? - Answ Vouvray AC; Chenin Blanc Which Alsacatian grape varietals can be affected by botrytis? - Answ Riesling, Gewurztraminer, Pinot Gris, Muscat Which Australian grape varietals can be affected by botrytis? - Answ Semillon; Riesling What is Eiswein? - Answ Sweet wine that is made from grapes crushed while still frozen so that ice crystals can be removed, leaving an intensely concentrated sugary grape syrup. What are the characteristics of Eiswein? - Answ pure, pronounced, varietal-fruity flavors, high acidity, full body and syrupy sweetness.

Where is Eiswein made? - Answ Canada, Germany, Austria What do healthy grapes need? - Answ CO2, Sunlight, water, warmth, and nutrients What is climate? - Answ Weather conditions (temperatures, rainfall, sunshine) What do Hot Climate Grape Wines have? - Answ more alcohol, fuller body, more tannin, less acidity What do cool climate grape wines have? - Answ less alcohol, lighter body, less tannin, more acidity What tasting notes does a chardonnay have in a cool climate? - Answ Green fruit (apple, pear), citrus, high acidity, dry What tasting notes does a chardonnay have in a moderate climate? - Answ Citrus, stone fruit, melon, med/high acidity, dry What are tasting notes does a chardonnay have in a hot climate? - Answ Tropical fruit (peach, banana, pineapple, mango), medium acidity, dry What are Chardonnay's Classical Regions? - Answ Chablis, Puligny- Montrachet, Mersault, Mâcon, Pouilly-Fuisse What is the purpose for Malolactic Fermentation? - Answ To soften harsh acids. Comes from wine-making techniques, dairy flavor What are lees? - Answ dead yeast cells left behind after fermentation has finished. True or False: Lees can be stirred through Chardonnay to add creamy texture - Answ True True or False: Flavours of toast, vanilla and coconut do not occur because of oak treatment - Answ False What is Chablis and where is it located? - Answ Burgundy. Cool climate. Limestone soil.

Describe a Chardonnay from Chablis - Answ Bone Dry, high acidity, green fruits, citrus, smoky, flinty, mineral signature. No detectable oak. Where in the Cote d'Or is chardonnay produced and what characterisitcs? - Answ Southern half known as the Cote de Beaune: Meursault, Puligny- Montrachet Full bodied, complex, different flavours including citrus, white stone, and tropical fruit, oak, spice, and savoury notes What is produced in Mâconnais? - Answ Chardonnay from Macon, Pouilly- Fuissé. Describe Chardonnay from Mâcon - Answ light, melon, citrus, little or no oak Describe Chardonnay from Pouilly Fuissé - Answ Full bodied, pineapple, melon and oak flavors Where is Chardonnay produced in Australia? - Answ Premium region; Yarra Valley, Adelaide Hills, Margaret River Where is Chardonnay produced in New Zealand? - Answ Premium region; Hawke's Bay, Gisborne, Marlborough Where is Chardonnay produced in Chile? - Answ Premium region: Casablanca Where is Chardonnay produced in Argentina? - Answ Premium region; Mendoza Where is Chardonnay produced in South Africa? - Answ Premium region; Coastal Region Where is Chardonnay produced in the US? - Answ Premium region; California: Costal Region, Sonoma, Caneros Where is Bulk Chardonnay made? - Answ SE Australia, Western Cape, California, Central Valley (ChileO, Pays d'Oc IGP, Val de Loire, S. Italy, Argentina

Describe classic Australian Chardonnay - Answ Pronounced fruit (fresh citrus, melon), well integrated oak Describe classic New Zealand Chardonnay - Answ concentrated citrus, tropical fruit, high acidity, pronounced oak flavor Describe classic California Chardonnay - Answ full bodied, intense, rich citrus, ripe peach flavors, flavors. Some can be very savoury What white grape variaties can Chardonnay be paired with? - Answ Chenin Blanc, Semillon, Viognier What is Pinot Noir? - Answ black grape with thin skins, wine that are usually light in color with low to medium levels tannins What are characteristics of Pinot Noir in cool climates? - Answ Vegetal (cabbage, wet leaves), high acid, low tannin Given the right balance, what can Pinot Noir exhibit? - Answ red fruit (strawberry, raspberry, cherry), vegetal and animal nuances (wet leaves, mushroom, gamey-meaty aromas) What are characteristics of Pinot Noir in moderate climates? - Answ red fruit, med/high acidity, low/medium tannins What should a Pinot Noir from Burgundy have? - Answ medium bodied red with a balance of red-fruit and savory aromas, light tannins, and medium to high acidity. Where is Pinot Noir grown in France? - Answ Burgundy: Cote de Nuits (Gevrey-Chambertin, Nuits St. Georges); Cote de Beaune (Beaune, Pommard) What is Spätburgunder? - Answ German Pinot Noir Where is Spätburgunder grown? - Answ Germany: Baden and Pfalz What characteristics does Spätburgunder have? - Answ Pronounced, perfumed red berry fruit and light tannins

Where is Pinot Noir grown in New Zealand and what are its characteristics?

• Answ Martinborough, Central Otago, Marlborough Full bodied, lower acidity, more intense fruit (cherry, strawberry), spicy notes Where is Pinot Noir grown in Australia? - Answ Yarra Valley, Mornington Peninsula Where is Pinot Noir grown in the US and what are its characteristics? - Answ California: Sonoma, Santa Barbara, Caneros. Full bodied, intensely fruity, pronounced animal and vegetal characteristics (leather, meat, wet leaves). Oregon Where is Pinot Noir grown in Chile what are its characteristics? - Answ Casablanca, San Antonio Intensely fruity, strawberry Where is Pinot Noir grown in South Africa? - Answ Coastal Region What can Pinot Noir be blended with? - Answ Red Burgundies, Gamay, Chardonnay for Sparkling Wines What is Cabernet Sauvignon? - Answ a black grape that gives deeply colored wines that have lots of tannin, acidity, and strong aromas What are typical flavors of Cabernet Sauvignon? - Answ black fruits (black currant, black cherry), herbaceous notes (bell pepper, mint, cedar). Oak softens tannins adding smoke, vanilla, coffee, high acid, dry What are typical flavors of Cabernet Sauvignon in a moderate climate? - Answ black fruits (black currant, black cherry), herbaceous notes (bell pepper, mint, cedar), high acid, dry What are typical flavors of Cabernet Sauvignon in a hot climate? - Answ fuller bodied, black cherry, less herbaceous notes, softer tannins, high acid, dry

True or False: Because of intense fruit flavor, high levels of tannin and acidity, Cabernet Sauvignon is not a good variety for making wines that age well - Answ False What is Merlot? - Answ Black grape variety, less aromatic, less intense flavors, lighter tannins and acidity than Cab, but more body, higher alcohol What is International style Merlot's characteristics? - Answ Black fruit (blackberry, black plum, black cherry), full body, medium or low acidity, high alcohol, medium of gentle tannins. Super ripe grapes display fruitcake, chocolate What is cool/moderate Merlot's characteristics? - Answ red fruit (strawberry, red berry, plum), some herbal notes (mint), and a little more tannin and acidity than the international style What is Bordeaux's climate like? - Answ Moderate, maritime climate with long autumns Which 3 rivers lie in Bordeaux? - Answ Gironde, Garonne, Dordogne Where is Cabernet Sauvignon grown in France? - Answ Bordeaux's left bank: Medoc, Haut Medoc (Pauillac, Margaux), Graves (Pessac-Leognan) What are Cabernet Sauvignon's characteristics when grown in Bordeaux? - Answ med/full body, long length, black fruit, toasty oak Aged: vegetal, tobacco, cedar What is the soil like in Bordeaux? - Answ gravel mounds that grain water away and retain heat with high levels Where is Cabernet Sauvignon grown in Australia and it's characteristics? - Answ Coonawarra, Margaret River mint, eucalyptus, black fruit, oak, toast, vanilla Where is Cabernet Sauvignon grown in New Zealand and it's characteristics? - Answ Hawke's Bay Cab/Merlot blends, cedar, black currant

Where is Cabernet Sauvignon grown in the US and it's characteristics? - Answ Napa Valley soft ripe tannin, black cherry, oak flavor, fruit cake Where is Cabernet Sauvignon grown in Chile and it's characteristics? - Answ Central Valley green bell pepper, black currant leaf Where is Cabernet Sauvignon grown in Argentina and it's characteristics? - Answ Mendoza meat leather; Modern style: more fruity Where is Cabernet Sauvignon grown in South Africa and it's characteristics? - Answ Stellenbosch less intense fruit, more herb Where is Cabernet Sauvignon made in Bulk? - Answ Pays d'Oc IGP, Central Valley (CA), Central Valley (Chile), Mendoza, SE Australia, Western Cape What blends with Cabernet Sauvignon? - Answ Merlot: Margaret River (AUS), Hawke's Bay (NZ) Shiraz, Malbec, Carmenere What is Merlot like in a hot climate? - Answ Black fruit, low acid, med tannin What is Merlot like in a moderate climate? - Answ red fruit, medium acid, light/med tannin Where is Merlot made in France and it's characteristics? - Answ Bordeaux's Right Bank: St. Emilion, Pomerol med tannin, med acidity, red fruit character (plum, red berry) with age: cedar, tobacco Where is Merlot made in Australia and it's characteristics? - Answ Coonawarra: mint/eucalyptus, black cherry, oak notes (toast, vanilla) Margaret River: high level tannins, black fruit, herb flavors (black currant, black currant leaf)

Where is Merlot made in New Zealand and it's characteristics? - Answ Hawke's Bay: medium or high acidity and tannins, herb aromas (cedar, black currant leaf) Where is Merlot made in the US and it's characteristics? - Answ Napa Valley: full bodied, soft black fruit, fruitcake, oak flavors Where is Cabernet/Merlot blended in Chile and their characteristics? - Answ Maipo Valley, Colchagua and Cachapoal: pronounced herbal characteristics (green bell pepper, black currant leaf), black fruit (black cherry, black berry) What is Carmenere? - Answ old, high quality variety, originally from Bordeaux but planted in Chile. Intense color, spiced black fruit flavors (blackberry, liquorice, pepper). Where is Merlot made in Argentina? - Answ Mendoza Where is Merlot made in South Africa and it's characteristics? - Answ Stellenbosch Blended with Cabernet, less intense fruit and more herb flavors, high levels of tannin, and acidity Where is bulk Merlot produced? - Answ Pays d'Oc IGP, Central Valley (CA), Central Valley (Chile), Mendoza, SE Australia, Western Cape, Northern Italy What blends with Merlot? - Answ Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Carmenere What is Sauvignon Blanc - Answ aromatic white grape, displays strong aromas of green fruit and vegetation (gooseberry, elderflower, green bell pepper, asparagus). High in acidity, medium bodied, and almost always dry. No oak flavors What is Sauv. Blanc like in a cool climate? - Answ pungent, herbaceous, green fruit, high acid, dry What is Sauv Blanc like in a moderate climate? - Answ less pungent, stone fruit, med/high acidity, dry

Where is Sauv. Blanc made in France? - Answ Loire: Sancerre and Pouilly-Fumé; cool climate, dry, high acidity, medium body, moderate or pronounced aromas, green fruit, herbaceous notes (gooseberry, grass, blackcurrant leaf, nettle), smokiness Bordeaux: "Bordeaux Blanc" Pessac-Leognan and Graves; blended with Semillon (dominating), can sustain fruit character, allow complexity to develop. SB brings aromatic fruit, acidity. Where is Sauvignon Blanc made in New Zealand and what is its characteristics? - Answ Marlborough; dry, high acidity, passionfruit, gooseberry, green pepper, blackcurrant leaf, pungent, intense Where is Sauvignon Blanc made in Australia? - Answ Adelaide hills, intensely fruity, clean Where is Sauvignon Blanc made in US and it's characteristics? - Answ Napa Valley, known as Fumé Blanc, grass, asparagus, spicy, oaky flavors (toast, liquorice, vanilla) Where is Sauvignon Blanc made in Chile and it's characteristics? - Answ Casablanca and San Antonio: Herbaceous, fruit-led Where is Sauvignon Blanc made in South Africa and it's characteristics? - Answ Usually less intense than New Zealand, can age in bottle, toasty complexity. More intense than Bordeaux, herbaceous Where is bulk Sauvignon made? - Answ Val de Loire, Pays d'Oc IGPs, Chile, California, South Africa What is Riesling? - Answ Aromatic white grape, fruity, floral What is Riesling like in a cool climate? - Answ Green, citrus fruit, high acid, dry, med or sweet True or False: If the Riesling is harvested when ripe in cool climates, the wines have green fruit flavor (green apple, grape) with floral notes and sometimes a hint of lemon, lime - Answ True

What is Riesling like in a moderate climate? - Answ Citrus stone fruit are more dominant than floral, high acid, usually dry What are some flavors of Rieslings? - Answ smoke, honey, tropical fruit, mineral, botrytis Name Riesling's classic regions - Answ Germany: Mosel, Rheingau, Pfalz What is Qualitätswein? - Answ Basic Riesling, usually light, fruit and refreshing, with medium sweetness What is Prädikatswein? - Answ Wines are categorised according to sugar levels. They vary in style according to their particular prädikat What is a Kabinett Riesling? - Answ light in body, high acidity, apple, grape, medium sweetness, light alcohol What is Spätlese? - Answ Late Harvested Riesling. A bit more body, citrus, exotic fruit notes (lemon, pineapple) What is Auslese? - Answ Riesling with more body and exotic fruit notes (pineapple, mango) than Spätlese. Highest quality to appear as a dry wine. What is Beerenauslese? - Answ Late harvest Riesling made from noble rot Where is Riesling produced in the Mosel Region and its characteristics? - Answ Piesport, Bernkastel; lightest bodied riesling, med sweetness, high acidity; Kabitnett, Spätlese What types of Rieslings are made in the Rheingau? - Answ Kabitnett, Spätlese, Auslese; drier, med body Where in Pfalz is Riesling made? - Answ Forst, Deidesheim Where in France is Riesling made? - Answ Alsace Describe an Alsacatian Riesling - Answ Dry, medium body, green citrus, stone fruit Late harvest: fuller bodied, late harvest, more intense flavor, hint of sweetness

Describe an Austrian Riesling - Answ medium/full body, citrus stone fruit, med/high acidity. Can have smoky, mineral aromas Where is Riesling made in Australia? - Answ Clare, Eden Valley Describe Australian Riesling - Answ dry, medium body, pronounced lime, lemon, develops smokey aromas, honey, toast Where is Riesling made in New Zealand? - Answ South Island Describe a NZ Riesling - Answ dry, high acidity, green fruit, citrus, some develop honey with age Name the red grapes of Bordeaux - Answ Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Merlot, Petit Verdot Name the white grapes of Bordeaux - Answ Muscadelle, Sauvignon Blanc, Sémillon, Ugni Blanc Name the 3 rivers where Bordeaux lies - Answ Dordogne and Garonne feed into the Gironde (main river) What is reverse osmosis and where is it used? - Answ Wine is passed under pressure through a membrane that separates water molecules from alcohol. Creates densely concentrated wine. Used in Bordeaux Name 4 important communes in Médoc & Haut Médoc - Answ Margeaux, St-Julien, Pauillac, St. Estéphe What year did the classification of the Medoc occur? - Answ 1855 under Napoleon III What do healthy vines need? - Answ Carbon dioxide, sunlight, water, warmth, nutrients What style of wine can you expect in a hot climate? - Answ More alcohol, fuller body, more tannin, less acidity

What style of wine can you expect in a cool climate? - Answ less alcohol, lighter body, less tannin, more acidity Moderate climate attributes for Syrah - Answ pepper, black fruit, herbaceousness, smoked meat, and spice (black bepper), medium acidity, high tannin Hot climate attributes for Syrah - Answ spice, black fruit, liquorice, cloves, medium acidity, high tannin Name flavors for Syrah - Answ oak, vegetal, animal, chocolate What is Syrah/Shiraz? - Answ small grapes with thick, darkly colored skins. Makes deeply colored with medium or high levels of tannin and medium acidity Name Syrah's Classic Region - Answ France Northern Rhône: Crozes-Hermitage, Hermitage, Côte-Rotie Southern Rhône (blended): Côtes du Rhône, Côtes du Rhône Villages, Chateauneuf-du-Pape What is GSM? - Answ Blend of Grenache, Syrah, Mouvedre, made in the Southern Rhone Which is better quality: Côtes du Rhône or Côtes du Rhône Villages? - Answ Côtes du Rhône Villages Describe Chateauneuf-du-Pape? - Answ full bodied, medium tannins, low acidity, intense complex character, strawberry, spice (pepper, liquorice), animal (leather) notes What are the premium regions for Syrah? - Answ Australia Moderate climate: Western Australia (Margaret River), Heathcoate Hot Climate: Hunter Valley, Barossa, McClaren Vale, Coonawarra (South Australia) Describe Australian Shiraz - Answ Fuller bodied, softer tannins, less acidity, blackberry, plum, sweet spices, black chocolate notes, Overt oak (smoke, vanilla, coconut)

What is Grenache? - Answ Large, thin skins, high sugar levels, low acidity Describe tasting notes for Grenache? - Answ red fruit (strawberry, raspberry), spicy (white pepper, liquorice, cloves). With age, spicy notes turn into toffee and leather Can Grenache make rose? - Answ Yes, they are full bodied with strawberry. Southern Rhone, Southern France, Spain True or False: Adding Syrah to a Grenache-based wine boosts the levels of color, tannin and acidity, and adds a dark fruit character - Answ True True or False: Adding Grenache to a Syrah-based wine results in a wine with more alcohol, lower levels of tannin and acidity, red fruit character - Answ True Where is Grenache (Garnacha) the most planted? - Answ Spain, Priorat What is blended in the Rioja? - Answ Garnacha with Tempranillo What is Bordeaux? - Answ Classic, moderate-climate region for wines made from Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon What does a Chateau indicate? - Answ Wine is made from a defined piece of land, although this land may be sold or added over time. It doesn't entail the existence of the building. What is a domaine? - Answ a producer making wine from grapes grown in their own vineyards What are the regions for red Bordeaux? - Answ Bordeaux, Médoc, Haut- Médoc, Pauillac, Margaux, Saint-Emilion, Pomerol, Pessac Leognan, Graves Which label terms are used for red Bordeaux? - Answ Superieur, Cru Bourgeois, Grand Cru, Grand Vin What are the regions for white Bordeaux? - Answ Bordeaux, Graves, Pessac-Leognan, Sauternes

Which label terms are used for white Bordeaux? - Answ Grand Cru Classe What is Grand Vin? - Answ indicates the main wine made by the chateau, no matter how "grand" or "humble" the wine or chateau What is Bordeaux Superieur AC? - Answ A designation that requires higher level of alcohol than basic Bordeaux AC. Which appelations produce Cabernet Sauvignon dominated red wines? - Answ Médoc AC, Haut-Médoc (Pauillac, Margaux), Graves (Pessac- Leognan) Which appelations produce Merlot dominated red wines? - Answ St. Emilion AC Where is Classic Sweet Wine made in Bordeaux? - Answ Sauternes What is Burgundy? - Answ Classic, moderate-to-cool climate region for Pinot Noir and Chardonnay Where are the best Burgundian wines made? - Answ Cote d'Or: Cote de Nuits (northern half), Cote de Beaune (southern half) For a burgundian wine, is this the correct label: Nuits-Saint-Georges AC - Answ Yes Where are Classic Chardonnay based White Wines made in Burgundy? - Answ Bourgogne AC, Chablis AC, Puligny-Montrachet AC, Meursault AC, Montrachet Grand Cru AC, Macon, Pouilly-Fuisse AC Where are Classic Pinot Noir based Red Wines made in Burgundy? - Answ Bourgogne AC, Gevrey-Chambertin AC, Nuits-Saint-Georges AC, Beaune AC, Pmmard AC, Chambertin Grand Cru AC Which label terms are used for red Burgundy? - Answ Premier Cru, Grand Cru Where is Beaujolais and which grape variety is used? - Answ Southern Burgundy, Gamay

Describe a red wine from from Beaujolais? - Answ Unoaked, medium or high acidity, low tannin levels, pronounced red fruit, some spice (cinnamon, pepper) Which Beaujolais can age? - Answ Morgon AC and Moulin-a-Vent AC What is Beaujolais Nouveau AC - Answ a very light style of Beaujolais released in November after the harvest What is Beajolais Villages AC? - Answ superior quality wines that come from the granite hills to the north of the region What are Beaujolais Crus? - Answ 10 Villages that produce the best quality wines from Beaujolais, located in the Beaujolais Villages AC Name some Beaujolais Crus - Answ Fleurie AC, Brouilly AC, Morgon AC, Moulin-a-Vent What is the role of the Vosges mountains in Alsace? - Answ They shelter the region from rain-bearing winds blowing across northern France. Where the vines planted in Alsace? - Answ eastern foothills and they benefit from the morning sun What is Alsace Grand Cru AC? - Answ a wine from a superior vineyard site Describe a Pinot Gris from Alsace? - Answ full bodied, dry, medium, sweet white wines with spicy tropical fruit flavors (ginger, banana, melon), sometimes a hint of honey Describe Gewurtztraminer - Answ intensely perfumed white wine, that can be dry, off-dry, or medium in style and full bodied with high alcohol. Floral perfume (rose, orange blossom), tropical and stone fruit (lychee, peach, grape), and musky sweet spices (ginger, cinnamon). Name the grape varieties used in Alsace - Answ Riesling, Pinot Gris, Gewurztraminer, Pinot Blanc, Muscat, Pinot Noir What are the Loire Valley's Central Vineyard's main appellations? - Answ Sancerre AC, Pouilly-Fume AC

Where is Touraine and which grape variety is used? - Answ Loire Valley; Chenin Blanc Describe a Chenin Blanc from Touraine - Answ medium bodied wines, medium sweetness, high acidity, unoaked, citrus, green and tropical fruit (lemon, apple, pineapple) and some herbaceous aromas (green leaf) Where in the Loire Valley is sweet wine made and which grape varietal is used? - Answ Vouvray AC, Chenin Blanc What are the tasting notes of Melon Blanc? - Answ medium-bodied, dry, unoaked white wines with light almost neutral fruit and medium or high acidity What are the appellations in the Nantais region? - Answ Muscadet, Muscadet Sevre et Maine What is sur lie? - Answ wine has been bottled from a vessel containing the dead yeast left over fermentation. Gives a little more body and complexity What are the main appellations of the Northern Rhone Valley, and the grape variety used? - Answ Cote Rotie, Hermitage, Crozes-Hermitage; Syrah What are the main appellations of the Southern Rhone Valley, and the grape variety used? - Answ Chateauneuf-du-Pape, Cotes du Rhone, Cote du Rhone Villages; Grenache, Syrah Where is the majority of IGP wines made in France? - Answ Languedoc Roussillon: Minervois, Fitou What grape varieties are used in IGP - Answ Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Syrah What is Deutscher Wein? - Answ Basic geographical indication What is PGI? - Answ Landwein

How are PDO wines labelled in Germany? - Answ QbA (Qualitatswein bestimmer Anbaugebeite) or Pradikatswein What is the hierarchy of Pradikatswein? - Answ Kabinett; Spatlese; Auslese; BA (beerenauslese), and Eiswein; TBA (Trockenbeerenauslese) What does Grosses Gewachs indicate? - Answ high quality dry wine made from riper grapes What are high quality dry wines called in the Rheingau? - Answ Erstes Gewachs What is pinot noir called in Germany? - Answ Spatburgunder What is Anbaugebiete? - Answ Term for Germany's 13 quality regions Where is Riesling made in Germany? - Answ Mosel, Rheingau, and Pfalz Where is Spatburgunder made? - Answ Pfalz and Baden What is Classico refer to? - Answ Historic center of many DOC and DOCG regions. Located on hills, best sites and produce the best wines What does Riserva wine mean in Italy? - Answ indicates that a DOC or DOCG wine has achieved a higher minimum level of alcohol and has been aged for at least a minimum number of months before release What are the most famous wines from Piemonte? - Answ Barolo DOCG, Barbaresco DOCG What grape variety is used to make Barolo DOCG and Barbaresco DOCG?

• Answ Nebbiolo What tasting notes does Nebbiolo give Barolo DOCG and Barbaresco DOCG? - Answ Full bodied, high tannins, alcohol and acidity. Red fruit flavors, floral and earth elements, sweet spice (licorice), vegetal (mushroom, meat, leather) What other grape variety is produced in Piedmont? - Answ Barbera

Describe Barbera from Piedmont - Answ Light tannins, high acidity red fruit and gamey aromas. Often aged in oak, which add toast and vanilla flavors Where is red wine made in Veneto and the grape variety? - Answ Valpolicella and Valpolicella Classico DOC; Corvina dominating What are the tasting notes from Valpolicella - Answ light body, color, low tannins, high acidity with notes of sour cherry What are the tasting notes from Valpolicella behind Verona like? - Answ More concentration, complexity, baked fruit including plums, dried cherries and prune What does Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG indicate? - Answ full bodied, complex dry wine. Alcohol levels are among the highest in Italy Where is Chianti and is dominated by which grape? - Answ Tuscany; Sangiovese What was Italy's first DOCG wine? - Answ Brunello di Montalcino; Sangiovese What type of wine does Sangiovese produce? - Answ medium to full bodied red with high levels of tannin, acidity. Plum, earth, tomato and tea Where is Abruzzo located? - Answ east-central Italy What are the tasting notes of Montepulciano d'Abruzzo DOC? - Answ high levels of acidity, tannin, alcohol, color, black pepper, blackberry, raisin, jamminess True or False: Montepulciano d'Abruzzo DOC and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG are the same thing. - Answ Falso, Vino Nobilie di Montepulciano DOCG is a Chianti-style red wine made from Sangiovese near Montepulciano, Tuscany What does IGT Sicilia allow? - Answ less stringent laws allow IGT Sicilia to produce blending across a huge area and the grape varieties to be clearly stated on the label

Where are Primitivo, Negroamaro grown? - Answ Sicily, Puglia What is Taurasi DOCG? - Answ 100% Aglianico, full bodied complex floral and dark fruit aromas and high levels of tannin and acid Where is Taurasi DOCG? - Answ Campania Describe Primitivo - Answ fatter with high alcohol and a pronounced jammy note True or False: Pinot Grigio is grown throughout Italy - Answ True Describe Pinot Grigio - Answ Dry, medium, light in body, with medium acidity, neutral character. Better examples show ripe nuttiness, honey character Where is Pinot Bianco grown? - Answ Friuli Where is Soave and Soave DOCG grown? - Answ near Valipolicella What is Garganega? - Answ a late ripening variety wit floral notes of chamomile and iris What is Gavi and the grape variety? - Answ From Piemonte, made from Cortese. Candied fruit and citrus, light and high acid What is Verdicchio? - Answ High acid, occasionally full bodied white with intriguing herbal notes of lemon, fennel and bitter almond Where is Verdicchio produced? - Answ Le Marche, and it's labelled as Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC What is Trebbiano? - Answ appears as a varietal for bulk blends What is the increasing age order for Spanish wines? - Answ Crianza, Reserva, Gran Reserva What does Joven mean? - Answ Wine that has not been aged in oak

What is the most important region for premium Spanish reds and what is its main grape varietal? - Answ Rioja DOCa; Tempranillo What is Tempranillo blended with? - Answ Garnacha (Grenache), which supplies high alcohol and spicy notes with light tannins Describe a Tempranillo wine - Answ medium bodied, medium acidity, medium tannin, red fruit flavors. True or False: Much of the character of traditional style Riojas come from oak aging - Answ True What does oak ageing do to traditional Riojas? - Answ softens tannins, sweet coconut, vanilla. Over time adds meat, leather, mushroom Which grape varietal is used in Ribera del Duero DO? - Answ Trempanillo Describe a wine from Ribera del Duero? - Answ black fruit flavors (blackberry, plum), and toasty oak flavors In Navarra DO, what is Tempranillo blended with? - Answ Merlo, Cabernet Sauvignon What does Priorat produce? - Answ Grenache based blends What are premium quality regions for reds in Spain? - Answ Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Navarra, Priorat, Catalunya What grape varieties are used in Catalunya? - Answ Tempranillo, Garnacha, and international grape varieties (Chardonnay) What grape variety is used in the Rias Baixas? - Answ Albarino Describe an Albarino - Answ light to medium body wines, fresh green and citrus fruit (apple, pear, grapefruit), refreshing high acidity Describe traditional white Rioja - Answ full bodied with nutty, oaky flavors True or False: oak aging techniques used in Rioja are used throughout Spain - Answ True

Where is Rose made in Spain? - Answ Navarra Describe a modern white from Rueda - Answ Riper fruit (melon, peach) and are medium or full in body. Some are oaked. Where is bulk wine produced in Spain? - Answ La Mancha DO and Valdepenas DO What does Valencia DO produce? - Answ red, white, rose, dry, medium, sweet What is Portugal's most well known region? - Answ Douro DOC What is Portugal known for? - Answ Port What is Touriga Nacional? - Answ The best Portuguese grape, which gives low yiels that are deep in color, high in acid and tanni, with intense flavors of dark berry fruits (blackberry, black currant, pepper, clove). Usually aged in oak What is the most important wines for bulk production in Portugal? - Answ Vinho Verde. Unoaked, light-bodied, light alcohol, high acidity and slight fizz. Citrus and green fruit notes (lemon, apple) Does Portugal produce rose? - Answ Yes, and they follow the Vinho Verde style, redcurrant and rasperry flavors. Where is S. Africa's vineyards grown? - Answ Cape of Good Hope, where cold Atlantic Ocean breezes cool the hot region Where are Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot produced in S Africa? - Answ Coastal Stellenbosch Where is Chardonnay produced in S Africa? - Answ Coastal Where is Sauvignon Blanc produced in S Africa? - Answ Coastal, Constantia