WSET Level 2 final exam Latest updated questions with 100% correct answers, Exams of Advanced Education

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WSET Level 2 final exam Latest updated questions with 100% correct answers Both Tank and Bottled-Fermented Sparking Wines start with what? - CORRECT ANSWER-Still Base Wine, usually light in alchohol, and processes add approximately 1- 2% abv What is Tank Method? - CORRECT ANSWER-part of fermentation takes place in sealed tank, which prevents any carbon dioxide gas from escaping True or False: The base wine could be partially fermented must, where the last part of the fermentation takes place in a sealed tank - CORRECT ANSWER-True What is Prosecco? - CORRECT ANSWER-A sparkling wine from NE Italy, and it's usually made using the tank method What grape variety is used for Prosecco? - CORRECT ANSWER-The Glera grape, which gives a medium body, dry or off dry sparkling wine with stone fruit flavor What does Spumante mean? - CORRECT ANSWER-fully sparkling wine What does frizzante mean? - CORRECT ANSWER-lightly sparkling wine What is Conegliano-Valdobbiadene DOCG? - CORRECT ANSWER-a premier sparking wine from NE Italy What is Asti DOCG? - CORRECT ANSWER-a sweet fruity light bodied sparkling wine from Piedmont, and it's made from Muscat Flavors: peach, grape, rose What is Sekt? - CORRECT ANSWER-German word for sparkling wine, both made in Germany and Austria What are characteristics of Sekt? - CORRECT ANSWER-Most are simple, inexpensive tank-method wine Medium/Dry, light in body, floral and fruity Generally uses cheap base wines sourced from anywhere in the EU What is the main quality advantage of Bottled Fermentation? - CORRECT ANSWER- Through extended contact with dead yeast, the wines can gain bready, biscuity flavors What is a base wine? - CORRECT ANSWER-A still wine that is blended with sugar and yeast and then bottled, sealed and stored. What is second fermentation? - CORRECT ANSWER-Takes place, in which the wine increases slightly in alcohol, and CO2, which cannot escape from the sealed bottle, becomes dissolved in the wine. What is yeast autolysis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Most important part of bottle fermentation. The yeast self digest, release flavours into the wine. Flavours are described as autolytic. What is disgorge? - CORRECT ANSWER-The process of removing the yeast sediments after fermentation and aging in bottle. What is the traditional method? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bottle is slowly tipped and jiggled so the yeast cells slide into the neck of the bottle. The plug of yeast in the neck is frozen, and pops out when the bottle is unsealed. The bottle is topped up with wine and sugar. What is dosage? - CORRECT ANSWER-The amount of sugar added, which determines the sweetness of the final bottled product. What is Brut? - CORRECT ANSWER-A very small amount of sugar is used What is the transfer method? - CORRECT ANSWER-Method to remove the yeast. Empty the entire contents of the bottles into a tank under pressure, then filtered, and rebottled. Not permitted in Champagne or Cava. Which grape varieties are used in Champagne to make sparkling wine? - CORRECT ANSWER-Pinot Noir, Meunier, Chardonnay What is Champagne's condition like? - CORRECT ANSWER-Cool climate, chalky soils, which allow sparkling wines to have high acidity, medium body, and light alcohol. The weather varies from vintage to vintage, and the grapes do not fully ripen. What are non-vintage wines? - CORRECT ANSWER-a blend of different vintages for quality and consistency What is vintage Champagne? - CORRECT ANSWER-A portion of the best wine of exceptional years make vintage Champagne. What is the minimum legal period of yeast autolysis? - CORRECT ANSWER-15 months What are Grandes Marques? - CORRECT ANSWER-famous Champagne houses What is Eiswein? - CORRECT ANSWER-Sweet wine that is made from grapes crushed while still frozen so that ice crystals can be removed, leaving an intensely concentrated sugary grape syrup. What are the characteristics of Eiswein? - CORRECT ANSWER-pure, pronounced, varietal-fruity flavors, high acidity, full body and syrupy sweetness. Where is Eiswein made? - CORRECT ANSWER-Canada, Germany, Austria What do healthy grapes need? - CORRECT ANSWER-CO2, Sunlight, water, warmth, and nutrients What is climate? - CORRECT ANSWER-Weather conditions (temperatures, rainfall, sunshine) What do Hot Climate Grape Wines have? - CORRECT ANSWER-more alcohol, fuller body, more tannin, less acidity What do cool climate grape wines have? - CORRECT ANSWER-less alcohol, lighter body, less tannin, more acidity What tasting notes does a chardonnay have in a cool climate? - CORRECT ANSWER- Green fruit (apple, pear), citrus, high acidity, dry What tasting notes does a chardonnay have in a moderate climate? - CORRECT ANSWER-Citrus, stone fruit, melon, med/high acidity, dry What are tasting notes does a chardonnay have in a hot climate? - CORRECT ANSWER-Tropical fruit (peach, banana, pineapple, mango), medium acidity, dry What are Chardonnay's Classical Regions? - CORRECT ANSWER-Chablis, Puligny- Montrachet, Mersault, Mâcon, Pouilly-Fuisse What is the purpose for Malolactic Fermentation? - CORRECT ANSWER-To soften harsh acids. Comes from wine-making techniques, dairy flavor What are lees? - CORRECT ANSWER-dead yeast cells left behind after fermentation has finished. True or False: Lees can be stirred through Chardonnay to add creamy texture - CORRECT ANSWER-True True or False: Flavours of toast, vanilla and coconut do not occur because of oak treatment - CORRECT ANSWER-False What is Chablis and where is it located? - CORRECT ANSWER-Burgundy. Cool climate. Limestone soil. Describe a Chardonnay from Chablis - CORRECT ANSWER-Bone Dry, high acidity, green fruits, citrus, smoky, flinty, mineral signature. No detectable oak. Where in the Cote d'Or is chardonnay produced and what characterisitcs? - CORRECT ANSWER-Southern half known as the Cote de Beaune: Meursault, Puligny-Montrachet Full bodied, complex, different flavours including citrus, white stone, and tropical fruit, oak, spice, and savoury notes What is produced in Mâconnais? - CORRECT ANSWER-Chardonnay from Macon, Pouilly-Fuissé. Describe Chardonnay from Mâcon - CORRECT ANSWER-light, melon, citrus, little or no oak Describe Chardonnay from Pouilly Fuissé - CORRECT ANSWER-Full bodied, pineapple, melon and oak flavors Where is Chardonnay produced in Australia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Premium region; Yarra Valley, Adelaide Hills, Margaret River Where is Chardonnay produced in New Zealand? - CORRECT ANSWER-Premium region; Hawke's Bay, Gisborne, Marlborough Where is Chardonnay produced in Chile? - CORRECT ANSWER-Premium region: Casablanca Where is Chardonnay produced in Argentina? - CORRECT ANSWER-Premium region; Mendoza Where is Chardonnay produced in South Africa? - CORRECT ANSWER-Premium region; Coastal Region Where is Chardonnay produced in the US? - CORRECT ANSWER-Premium region; California: Costal Region, Sonoma, Caneros Where is Bulk Chardonnay made? - CORRECT ANSWER-SE Australia, Western Cape, California, Central Valley (ChileO, Pays d'Oc IGP, Val de Loire, S. Italy, Argentina Describe classic Australian Chardonnay - CORRECT ANSWER-Pronounced fruit (fresh citrus, melon), well integrated oak Describe classic New Zealand Chardonnay - CORRECT ANSWER-concentrated citrus, tropical fruit, high acidity, pronounced oak flavor Describe classic California Chardonnay - CORRECT ANSWER-full bodied, intense, rich citrus, ripe peach flavors, flavors. Some can be very savoury What white grape variaties can Chardonnay be paired with? - CORRECT ANSWER- Chenin Blanc, Semillon, Viognier What is Pinot Noir? - CORRECT ANSWER-black grape with thin skins, wine that are usually light in color with low to medium levels tannins What are characteristics of Pinot Noir in cool climates? - CORRECT ANSWER-Vegetal (cabbage, wet leaves), high acid, low tannin Given the right balance, what can Pinot Noir exhibit? - CORRECT ANSWER-red fruit (strawberry, raspberry, cherry), vegetal and animal nuances (wet leaves, mushroom, gamey-meaty aromas) What are characteristics of Pinot Noir in moderate climates? - CORRECT ANSWER-red fruit, med/high acidity, low/medium tannins What should a Pinot Noir from Burgundy have? - CORRECT ANSWER-medium bodied red with a balance of red-fruit and savory aromas, light tannins, and medium to high acidity. Where is Pinot Noir grown in France? - CORRECT ANSWER-Burgundy: Cote de Nuits (Gevrey-Chambertin, Nuits St. Georges); Cote de Beaune (Beaune, Pommard) What is Spätburgunder? - CORRECT ANSWER-German Pinot Noir Where is Spätburgunder grown? - CORRECT ANSWER-Germany: Baden and Pfalz What characteristics does Spätburgunder have? - CORRECT ANSWER-Pronounced, perfumed red berry fruit and light tannins Where is Pinot Noir grown in New Zealand and what are its characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER-Martinborough, Central Otago, Marlborough Full bodied, lower acidity, more intense fruit (cherry, strawberry), spicy notes Where is Pinot Noir grown in Australia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Yarra Valley, Mornington Peninsula Where is Pinot Noir grown in the US and what are its characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER-California: Sonoma, Santa Barbara, Caneros. Full bodied, intensely fruity, pronounced animal and vegetal characteristics (leather, meat, wet leaves). Oregon Where is Merlot made in France and it's characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER- Bordeaux's Right Bank: St. Emilion, Pomerol med tannin, med acidity, red fruit character (plum, red berry) with age: cedar, tobacco Where is Merlot made in Australia and it's characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER- Coonawarra: mint/eucalyptus, black cherry, oak notes (toast, vanilla) Margaret River: high level tannins, black fruit, herb flavors (black currant, black currant leaf) Where is Merlot made in New Zealand and it's characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER- Hawke's Bay: medium or high acidity and tannins, herb aromas (cedar, black currant leaf) Where is Merlot made in the US and it's characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER-Napa Valley: full bodied, soft black fruit, fruitcake, oak flavors Where is Cabernet/Merlot blended in Chile and their characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER-Maipo Valley, Colchagua and Cachapoal: pronounced herbal characteristics (green bell pepper, black currant leaf), black fruit (black cherry, black berry) What is Carmenere? - CORRECT ANSWER-old, high quality variety, originally from Bordeaux but planted in Chile. Intense color, spiced black fruit flavors (blackberry, liquorice, pepper). Where is Merlot made in Argentina? - CORRECT ANSWER-Mendoza Where is Merlot made in South Africa and it's characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER- Stellenbosch Blended with Cabernet, less intense fruit and more herb flavors, high levels of tannin, and acidity Where is bulk Merlot produced? - CORRECT ANSWER-Pays d'Oc IGP, Central Valley (CA), Central Valley (Chile), Mendoza, SE Australia, Western Cape, Northern Italy What blends with Merlot? - CORRECT ANSWER-Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Carmenere What is Sauvignon Blanc - CORRECT ANSWER-aromatic white grape, displays strong aromas of green fruit and vegetation (gooseberry, elderflower, green bell pepper, asparagus). High in acidity, medium bodied, and almost always dry. No oak flavors What is Sauv. Blanc like in a cool climate? - CORRECT ANSWER-pungent, herbaceous, green fruit, high acid, dry What is Sauv Blanc like in a moderate climate? - CORRECT ANSWER-less pungent, stone fruit, med/high acidity, dry Where is Sauv. Blanc made in France? - CORRECT ANSWER-Loire: Sancerre and Pouilly-Fumé; cool climate, dry, high acidity, medium body, moderate or pronounced aromas, green fruit, herbaceous notes (gooseberry, grass, blackcurrant leaf, nettle), smokiness Bordeaux: "Bordeaux Blanc" Pessac-Leognan and Graves; blended with Semillon (dominating), can sustain fruit character, allow complexity to develop. SB brings aromatic fruit, acidity. Where is Sauvignon Blanc made in New Zealand and what is its characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER-Marlborough; dry, high acidity, passionfruit, gooseberry, green pepper, blackcurrant leaf, pungent, intense Where is Sauvignon Blanc made in Australia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Adelaide hills, intensely fruity, clean Where is Sauvignon Blanc made in US and it's characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER- Napa Valley, known as Fumé Blanc, grass, asparagus, spicy, oaky flavors (toast, liquorice, vanilla) Where is Sauvignon Blanc made in Chile and it's characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER-Casablanca and San Antonio: Herbaceous, fruit-led Where is Sauvignon Blanc made in South Africa and it's characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER-Usually less intense than New Zealand, can age in bottle, toasty complexity. More intense than Bordeaux, herbaceous Where is bulk Sauvignon made? - CORRECT ANSWER-Val de Loire, Pays d'Oc IGPs, Chile, California, South Africa What is Riesling? - CORRECT ANSWER-Aromatic white grape, fruity, floral What is Riesling like in a cool climate? - CORRECT ANSWER-Green, citrus fruit, high acid, dry, med or sweet True or False: If the Riesling is harvested when ripe in cool climates, the wines have green fruit flavor (green apple, grape) with floral notes and sometimes a hint of lemon, lime - CORRECT ANSWER-True What is Riesling like in a moderate climate? - CORRECT ANSWER-Citrus stone fruit are more dominant than floral, high acid, usually dry What are some flavors of Rieslings? - CORRECT ANSWER-smoke, honey, tropical fruit, mineral, botrytis Name Riesling's classic regions - CORRECT ANSWER-Germany: Mosel, Rheingau, Pfalz What is Qualitätswein? - CORRECT ANSWER-Basic Riesling, usually light, fruit and refreshing, with medium sweetness What is Prädikatswein? - CORRECT ANSWER-Wines are categorised according to sugar levels. They vary in style according to their particular prädikat What is a Kabinett Riesling? - CORRECT ANSWER-light in body, high acidity, apple, grape, medium sweetness, light alcohol What is Spätlese? - CORRECT ANSWER-Late Harvested Riesling. A bit more body, citrus, exotic fruit notes (lemon, pineapple) What is Auslese? - CORRECT ANSWER-Riesling with more body and exotic fruit notes (pineapple, mango) than Spätlese. Highest quality to appear as a dry wine. What is Beerenauslese? - CORRECT ANSWER-Late harvest Riesling made from noble rot Where is Riesling produced in the Mosel Region and its characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWER-Piesport, Bernkastel; lightest bodied riesling, med sweetness, high acidity; Kabitnett, Spätlese What types of Rieslings are made in the Rheingau? - CORRECT ANSWER-Kabitnett, Spätlese, Auslese; drier, med body Where in Pfalz is Riesling made? - CORRECT ANSWER-Forst, Deidesheim Where in France is Riesling made? - CORRECT ANSWER-Alsace Describe an Alsacatian Riesling - CORRECT ANSWER-Dry, medium body, green citrus, stone fruit Late harvest: fuller bodied, late harvest, more intense flavor, hint of sweetness Describe an Austrian Riesling - CORRECT ANSWER-medium/full body, citrus stone fruit, med/high acidity. Can have smoky, mineral aromas Where is Riesling made in Australia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Clare, Eden Valley Describe Australian Riesling - CORRECT ANSWER-dry, medium body, pronounced lime, lemon, develops smokey aromas, honey, toast What does a Chateau indicate? - CORRECT ANSWER-Wine is made from a defined piece of land, although this land may be sold or added over time. It doesn't entail the existence of the building. What is a domaine? - CORRECT ANSWER-a producer making wine from grapes grown in their own vineyards What are the regions for red Bordeaux? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bordeaux, Médoc, Haut-Médoc, Pauillac, Margaux, Saint-Emilion, Pomerol, Pessac Leognan, Graves Which label terms are used for red Bordeaux? - CORRECT ANSWER-Superieur, Cru Bourgeois, Grand Cru, Grand Vin What are the regions for white Bordeaux? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bordeaux, Graves, Pessac-Leognan, Sauternes Which label terms are used for white Bordeaux? - CORRECT ANSWER-Grand Cru Classe What is Grand Vin? - CORRECT ANSWER-indicates the main wine made by the chateau, no matter how "grand" or "humble" the wine or chateau What is Bordeaux Superieur AC? - CORRECT ANSWER-A designation that requires higher level of alcohol than basic Bordeaux AC. Which appelations produce Cabernet Sauvignon dominated red wines? - CORRECT ANSWER-Médoc AC, Haut-Médoc (Pauillac, Margaux), Graves (Pessac-Leognan) Which appelations produce Merlot dominated red wines? - CORRECT ANSWER-St. Emilion AC Where is Classic Sweet Wine made in Bordeaux? - CORRECT ANSWER-Sauternes What is Burgundy? - CORRECT ANSWER-Classic, moderate-to-cool climate region for Pinot Noir and Chardonnay Where are the best Burgundian wines made? - CORRECT ANSWER-Cote d'Or: Cote de Nuits (northern half), Cote de Beaune (southern half) For a burgundian wine, is this the correct label: Nuits-Saint-Georges AC - CORRECT ANSWER-Yes Where are Classic Chardonnay based White Wines made in Burgundy? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bourgogne AC, Chablis AC, Puligny-Montrachet AC, Meursault AC, Montrachet Grand Cru AC, Macon, Pouilly-Fuisse AC Where are Classic Pinot Noir based Red Wines made in Burgundy? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bourgogne AC, Gevrey-Chambertin AC, Nuits-Saint-Georges AC, Beaune AC, Pmmard AC, Chambertin Grand Cru AC Which label terms are used for red Burgundy? - CORRECT ANSWER-Premier Cru, Grand Cru Where is Beaujolais and which grape variety is used? - CORRECT ANSWER-Southern Burgundy, Gamay Describe a red wine from from Beaujolais? - CORRECT ANSWER-Unoaked, medium or high acidity, low tannin levels, pronounced red fruit, some spice (cinnamon, pepper) Which Beaujolais can age? - CORRECT ANSWER-Morgon AC and Moulin-a-Vent AC What is Beaujolais Nouveau AC - CORRECT ANSWER-a very light style of Beaujolais released in November after the harvest What is Beajolais Villages AC? - CORRECT ANSWER-superior quality wines that come from the granite hills to the north of the region What are Beaujolais Crus? - CORRECT ANSWER-10 Villages that produce the best quality wines from Beaujolais, located in the Beaujolais Villages AC Name some Beaujolais Crus - CORRECT ANSWER-Fleurie AC, Brouilly AC, Morgon AC, Moulin-a-Vent What is the role of the Vosges mountains in Alsace? - CORRECT ANSWER-They shelter the region from rain-bearing winds blowing across northern France. Where the vines planted in Alsace? - CORRECT ANSWER-eastern foothills and they benefit from the morning sun What is Alsace Grand Cru AC? - CORRECT ANSWER-a wine from a superior vineyard site Describe a Pinot Gris from Alsace? - CORRECT ANSWER-full bodied, dry, medium, sweet white wines with spicy tropical fruit flavors (ginger, banana, melon), sometimes a hint of honey Describe Gewurtztraminer - CORRECT ANSWER-intensely perfumed white wine, that can be dry, off-dry, or medium in style and full bodied with high alcohol. Floral perfume (rose, orange blossom), tropical and stone fruit (lychee, peach, grape), and musky sweet spices (ginger, cinnamon). Name the grape varieties used in Alsace - CORRECT ANSWER-Riesling, Pinot Gris, Gewurztraminer, Pinot Blanc, Muscat, Pinot Noir What are the Loire Valley's Central Vineyard's main appellations? - CORRECT ANSWER-Sancerre AC, Pouilly-Fume AC Where is Touraine and which grape variety is used? - CORRECT ANSWER-Loire Valley; Chenin Blanc Describe a Chenin Blanc from Touraine - CORRECT ANSWER-medium bodied wines, medium sweetness, high acidity, unoaked, citrus, green and tropical fruit (lemon, apple, pineapple) and some herbaceous aromas (green leaf) Where in the Loire Valley is sweet wine made and which grape varietal is used? - CORRECT ANSWER-Vouvray AC, Chenin Blanc What are the tasting notes of Melon Blanc? - CORRECT ANSWER-medium-bodied, dry, unoaked white wines with light almost neutral fruit and medium or high acidity What are the appellations in the Nantais region? - CORRECT ANSWER-Muscadet, Muscadet Sevre et Maine What is sur lie? - CORRECT ANSWER-wine has been bottled from a vessel containing the dead yeast left over fermentation. Gives a little more body and complexity What are the main appellations of the Northern Rhone Valley, and the grape variety used? - CORRECT ANSWER-Cote Rotie, Hermitage, Crozes-Hermitage; Syrah What are the main appellations of the Southern Rhone Valley, and the grape variety used? - CORRECT ANSWER-Chateauneuf-du-Pape, Cotes du Rhone, Cote du Rhone Villages; Grenache, Syrah Where is the majority of IGP wines made in France? - CORRECT ANSWER-Languedoc Roussillon: Minervois, Fitou What grape varieties are used in IGP - CORRECT ANSWER-Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Syrah What is Deutscher Wein? - CORRECT ANSWER-Basic geographical indication What is PGI? - CORRECT ANSWER-Landwein How are PDO wines labelled in Germany? - CORRECT ANSWER-QbA (Qualitatswein bestimmer Anbaugebeite) or Pradikatswein Where is Soave and Soave DOCG grown? - CORRECT ANSWER-near Valipolicella What is Garganega? - CORRECT ANSWER-a late ripening variety wit floral notes of chamomile and iris What is Gavi and the grape variety? - CORRECT ANSWER-From Piemonte, made from Cortese. Candied fruit and citrus, light and high acid What is Verdicchio? - CORRECT ANSWER-High acid, occasionally full bodied white with intriguing herbal notes of lemon, fennel and bitter almond Where is Verdicchio produced? - CORRECT ANSWER-Le Marche, and it's labelled as Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC What is Trebbiano? - CORRECT ANSWER-appears as a varietal for bulk blends What is the increasing age order for Spanish wines? - CORRECT ANSWER-Crianza, Reserva, Gran Reserva What does Joven mean? - CORRECT ANSWER-Wine that has not been aged in oak What is the most important region for premium Spanish reds and what is its main grape varietal? - CORRECT ANSWER-Rioja DOCa; Tempranillo What is Tempranillo blended with? - CORRECT ANSWER-Garnacha (Grenache), which supplies high alcohol and spicy notes with light tannins Describe a Tempranillo wine - CORRECT ANSWER-medium bodied, medium acidity, medium tannin, red fruit flavors. True or False: Much of the character of traditional style Riojas come from oak aging - CORRECT ANSWER-True What does oak ageing do to traditional Riojas? - CORRECT ANSWER-softens tannins, sweet coconut, vanilla. Over time adds meat, leather, mushroom Which grape varietal is used in Ribera del Duero DO? - CORRECT ANSWER- Trempanillo Describe a wine from Ribera del Duero? - CORRECT ANSWER-black fruit flavors (blackberry, plum), and toasty oak flavors In Navarra DO, what is Tempranillo blended with? - CORRECT ANSWER-Merlo, Cabernet Sauvignon What does Priorat produce? - CORRECT ANSWER-Grenache based blends What are premium quality regions for reds in Spain? - CORRECT ANSWER-Rioja, Ribera del Duero, Navarra, Priorat, Catalunya What grape varieties are used in Catalunya? - CORRECT ANSWER-Tempranillo, Garnacha, and international grape varieties (Chardonnay) What grape variety is used in the Rias Baixas? - CORRECT ANSWER-Albarino Describe an Albarino - CORRECT ANSWER-light to medium body wines, fresh green and citrus fruit (apple, pear, grapefruit), refreshing high acidity Describe traditional white Rioja - CORRECT ANSWER-full bodied with nutty, oaky flavors True or False: oak aging techniques used in Rioja are used throughout Spain - CORRECT ANSWER-True Where is Rose made in Spain? - CORRECT ANSWER-Navarra Describe a modern white from Rueda - CORRECT ANSWER-Riper fruit (melon, peach) and are medium or full in body. Some are oaked. Where is bulk wine produced in Spain? - CORRECT ANSWER-La Mancha DO and Valdepenas DO What does Valencia DO produce? - CORRECT ANSWER-red, white, rose, dry, medium, sweet What is Portugal's most well known region? - CORRECT ANSWER-Douro DOC What is Portugal known for? - CORRECT ANSWER-Port What is Touriga Nacional? - CORRECT ANSWER-The best Portuguese grape, which gives low yiels that are deep in color, high in acid and tanni, with intense flavors of dark berry fruits (blackberry, black currant, pepper, clove). Usually aged in oak What is the most important wines for bulk production in Portugal? - CORRECT ANSWER-Vinho Verde. Unoaked, light-bodied, light alcohol, high acidity and slight fizz. Citrus and green fruit notes (lemon, apple) Does Portugal produce rose? - CORRECT ANSWER-Yes, and they follow the Vinho Verde style, redcurrant and rasperry flavors. Where is S. Africa's vineyards grown? - CORRECT ANSWER-Cape of Good Hope, where cold Atlantic Ocean breezes cool the hot region Where are Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot produced in S Africa? - CORRECT ANSWER-Coastal Stellenbosch Where is Chardonnay produced in S Africa? - CORRECT ANSWER-Coastal Where is Sauvignon Blanc produced in S Africa? - CORRECT ANSWER-Coastal, Constantia What are Western Cape wines? - CORRECT ANSWER-Inexpensive, high volume wines, made from fruit sourced from throughout all the wine regions. What grape variety is widely grown, mainly for large volume consumption in S Africa? - CORRECT ANSWER-Chenin Blanc Describe a Chenin Blanc from S Africa? - CORRECT ANSWER-Medium bodied, dry or off dry, citrus and tropical fruit flavors. Medium or high acidity. Premium Chenin Blanc from S. Africa have oak flavors. What is Pinotage? - CORRECT ANSWER-a black grape variety that was developed specially for the hot S. African conditions. Describe a Pinotage wine? - CORRECT ANSWER-full bodied, medium tannins and red fruit flavors, vegetal and animal notes (tar, leather) Where is Shiraz produced in a hot climate in AUS? - CORRECT ANSWER-Barossa Valley, Hunter Valley, McLaren Vale Where is Shiraz produced in a moderate climate? - CORRECT ANSWER-Heathcote, grown throughout almost all the Australian winemaking regions Where is Chardonnay produced in Australia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Yarra Valley, Adelaide Hills, Margaret River Where is Pinot Noir produced in Australia - CORRECT ANSWER-Yarra Valley, Mornington Peninsula Where is Cabernet Sauvignon produced in Australia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Margaret River, Coonawarra Where is Sauvignon Blanc produced in Australia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Adelaide Hills Where is Semillon produced in Australia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Hunter Valley (which is inland) Describe Malbec - CORRECT ANSWER-medium, high levels of tannin. Dark fruit character, spicy flavors (blackberry, black plum clove, pepper). Benefit from oak aging Where is Malbec mainly planted in Argentina? - CORRECT ANSWER-Mendoza What is Torrontes? - CORRECT ANSWER-Argentinian white wine. medium bodied, dry white wines with high alcohol, medium acidity, (perfume, grapes, peach) Where is Torrontes planted? - CORRECT ANSWER-Cafayate? Where is Chardonnay planted in Argentina? - CORRECT ANSWER-Mendoza Where is Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot planted in Argentina? - CORRECT ANSWER- Mendoza What is Sherry made out of? - CORRECT ANSWER-Palomino, alcohol is added to fortify the wine before it goes through the solera aging process What is Sherry aged in? - CORRECT ANSWER-old casks, but doesn't give any oak falvors What is the solera system? - CORRECT ANSWER-Technique which blends younger and older wines together continually as they age. Gives consistency. What defines different Sherry styles? - CORRECT ANSWER-the differences in their aging periods and conditions What are Fino and Manzanilla Sherries? - CORRECT ANSWER-Pale color, dry, medium bodied, 15% abv How is Fino and Manzanilla Sherries kept fresh during the Solera process? - CORRECT ANSWER-A layer of yeast known as 'flor', which floats on the wine What is the purpose of flor? - CORRECT ANSWER-protects the wine from air What does flor add to sherry? - CORRECT ANSWER-unusual bready notes, refreshing citrus zest and almond flavors What are Pale Cream Sherries - CORRECT ANSWER-Young finos that have been sweetened with concentrated grape juice What are Amontillado Sherries - CORRECT ANSWER-Fino or Manzanilla, and adding more spirit to increase the alcohol and so kill off the flor. No protection, which oxidises True or False: Amontillados have a deeper amber color, and nutty flavors - CORRECT ANSWER-True Are Amontillados dry? - CORRECT ANSWER-Yes, but it's common to sweeten them before bottling What is the abv for Oloroso Sherry? - CORRECT ANSWER-18% abv Describe Oloroso Sherry? - CORRECT ANSWER-deep brown, full bodied, high alcohol, intense kernel and animal flavors What are PX Sherries? - CORRECT ANSWER-Pedro Ximenez sherries are intesely sweet made from sun dried PX grapes. Almost black with intense dried fruit flavors, full bodied, syrupy How is port made? - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Sufficient color and tannin are extracted from skins. 2.While a high proportion of sugar is in the must, then partially fermented grape juice is added. 3.This kills off the yeast, stopping the fermentation. 4. Wine is then aged in oak vessels Describe inexpensive ruby port? - CORRECT ANSWER-non vintage wine that generally undergoes less than 3 years aging before bottling. simple, fruity describe reserver ruby port - CORRECT ANSWER-better quality wines, with more intese, complex fruit flavors. Longer cask aging (up to 5 yrs) helps to soften and integrate the alcohol. Describe late bottled vintage port - CORRECT ANSWER-similar to a reserve ruby, but come from single year's harvest What is Traditional Style LBV? - CORRECT ANSWER-unfiltered port. What do LBV, and Traditional LBV taste like? - CORRECT ANSWER-red and black fruit flavors, sweet spice, high alcohol, medium/low tannins, medium/low acidity What are Vintage ports? - CORRECT ANSWER-From the best vineyards, bottled, unfiltered. Intense, spicy red and black fruit aromas of youth evolve into cooked fruit, animal and vegetal notes What is inexpensive Tawny Port? - CORRECT ANSWER-lighter style of Port, pink, toffee, caramel flavors. Color can be adjusted by adding White Port Describe Reserve Tawny Ports? - CORRECT ANSWER-aged for at least 7 years. oxidative kernel flavors to develop. Oxygen also attacks the color, which adds a medium tawny color True or False: The best Tawny Ports with an Indication of Age is an average, not a minimum and do not need to be decanted - CORRECT ANSWER-True True or False: By warming an alcoholic liquid, the alcohol can be boiled off, and then collected, cooled, and condensed back into a higher strength alcoholic liquid. - CORRECT ANSWER-True What is a pot still? - CORRECT ANSWER-oldest simplest kind of still, made out of copper, which contains the base alcoholic liquid while it's being heated What do heads (or foreshots) have? - CORRECT ANSWER-Undesirable components including methanol, which boil off first in a pot still What are hearts? - CORRECT ANSWER-Spirits, contains the highest proportion of ethanol, and the lowest proportion of undesirable impurities. What are tails? - CORRECT ANSWER-least volatile components, which boil off last. What is a continuous still? - CORRECT ANSWER-19th cent. invention, it addressed the weakness of the pot still. It can produce a liquid that is very close to pure ethanol, and can run continuously and efficient Which abv percentage is used for standard bottling to keep spirits smooth - CORRECT ANSWER-40% True or False: When spirits are lower in strength, they have more impurities and more character flavor, but make the spirit harsher - CORRECT ANSWER-True How can spirits become sweeter? - CORRECT ANSWER-It's either added, or from the breakdown of oak. What makes a spirit golden or brown? - CORRECT ANSWER-they usually have been aged in oak or caramel has been added What kind of finish do neutral style vodka and rum have? - CORRECT ANSWER-short clean simple finish What kind of finish do whisky, cognac, and rums have? - CORRECT ANSWER- sequence of many different flavors for a period of a minute or more What is Cognac? - CORRECT ANSWER-oak aged grape brandy from a delimited region to the north of Bordeaux Describe Cognac - CORRECT ANSWER-fruity/floral aromas, medium to light in body, smooth alcohol What is Creme de Cassis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Blackcurrant liqueur Name cherry liqueurs - CORRECT ANSWER-Cherry brandy, heering cherry liqueur, maraschino Name orange liqueurs - CORRECT ANSWER-curacao, cointreau, grand marnier What is Southern Comfort - CORRECT ANSWER-a peach liqueur What are dairy liqueurs? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bailey's, Advocaat What are bean, kernel, nut liqueurs? - CORRECT ANSWER-Kahlua, Tia Maria, Creme de Cacao, Amaretto, Malibu What are herb liqueurs - CORRECT ANSWER-Galliano, Benedictine, Chartreuse, Drambuie, Kummel, Creme e menth How many grams of alcohol can your liver digest? - CORRECT ANSWER-10g What is PDO? - CORRECT ANSWER-Protected Designation of Origin, a unique, having a flavor that cannot be copied by any other wine. More strict than PGI What is PGI - CORRECT ANSWER-Protected Geographical Indication What is ordinary wine? - CORRECT ANSWER-the category that offers the most flexible production rules What are the (nontraditional) PDO terms for France, Italy, Spain, and Germany? - CORRECT ANSWER-Appellation d'Origine Protegee (AOP), Denominazione di Origine (DOP), Denominacion de Origen Protegida (DOP), Geschutzte Ursprungsbezeichnung (g.U.) What are the (traditional) PDO terms for France, Italy, Spain, and Germany? - CORRECT ANSWER-Appellation d'Origine Controlee (AOC), DOC; DOCG, Denominacion de Origen (DO), Denominacion de Origen Calificada (DOCa), Pradikatswein, Qualitatswein What are the (nontraditional) PGI terms for Germany? - CORRECT ANSWER- Geschuzte Geografische Angabe (g.g.A.) What are the Traditional Terms for PGI - CORRECT ANSWER-Vin de Pays, Indicazione Geografica Tipica, Vino de la Tierra, Landwein What does Oak-aged mean? - CORRECT ANSWER-The wine has been aged in oak vessels, of any size, old or new What does Aged in new barriques mean? - CORRECT ANSWER-Wine has been aged in small (225 litre) oak barrels, which maximises the surface area of barrel in contact with the wine. What does Barrel-fermented do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Fermenting the white wine in oak results in a better integration of oak flavors to the wine, more labor intensive What does Oaked mean? - CORRECT ANSWER-most likely to indicate the use of oak staves or chips, not permitted for PDOs and would not be used for any premium wines Process to make white wine - CORRECT ANSWER-crush, pressed, yeast added, fermented no skin added, fermented between 12-22º Process to make red wine - CORRECT ANSWER-crushed, fermented, pressed, fermented at 20-32º What should chili heat be paired with? - CORRECT ANSWER-white wine or low tannin reds, low alcohol What should bitter food be paired with? - CORRECT ANSWER-white wines with low tannin What should umami be paired with? - CORRECT ANSWER-fruity wines, low tannin What temperature should White Burgundy/Fume Blanc served at? - CORRECT ANSWER-Lightly chilled 10-13º (50-55º) What temperature should Muscat, Pinot Grigio, New Zealand SB, Fino Sherry - CORRECT ANSWER-Chilled 7-10º (45-50º) What temperature should Sauternes, Sweet Muscats be served at - CORRECT ANSWER-Well chilled 6-8º (43-45º) What temperature should Champagne be chilled at - CORRECT ANSWER-Well chilled 6-10º (43-50º) What temperature should Beaujolais, Bardolino, Valpolicella be served at - CORRECT ANSWER-lightly chilled 13º (55º) What temperature should Med/Full bodied reds served at? - CORRECT ANSWER-15- 18º (59-64º)