WSET Level 3 2024 Mock Exam Written Questions & Answers 100% Correct, Exams of Winemaking

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WSET Level 3 2024 Mock Exam Written Questions & Answers 100% Correct What criteria do we use to assess quality in a wine? - ANSWER-Balance - Concentration (Intensity) - Length - Complexity List 4 tertiary aromas. - ANSWER-Almond - Marzipan - Hazelnut - Walnut - Chocolate - Coffee - Toffee - Caramel Dried Apricot - Marmalade - Dried Apple - Dried Banana Fig - Prune - Tar - Dried Blackberry - Dried Cranberry Cooked Blackberry - Cooked Plum Petrol - Kerosene - Cinnamon - Ginger - Nutmeg - Toast - Nut - Mushroom - Hay - Honey Leather - Forest Floor - Earth - Game - Tobacco - Vegetal - Wet Leaves - Savour - Meaty What does umami in food increase and decrease in a wine? - ANSWER-Increases Perception of: Alcohol - Bitterness - Astringency - Acidity Decreases Perception of: Body - Sweetness - Fruitiness Name the 7 wine faults and the odours they produce. - ANSWER-TCA - damp cardboard Reduction - rotten eggs, boiled cabbage Sulfur Dioxide - recently extinguished matches Oxidation - toffee, honey, caramel Out of Condition - dull, stale Volatile Acidity - vinegar, nail polish remover Brettanomyces - plastic, animal How many positive criteria do each of the following quality statements hold - ANSWER- Poor - 0 Acceptable - 1 Good - 2 Very Good - 3 Outstanding - 4 List 4 main methods to combat Spring frost - ANSWER-Heaters - Wind Machines - Sprinklers - Vineyard Design What is meant by diurnal range and what are the benefits? - ANSWER-The difference between daytime and night-time temperatures. Cool nights help slow the loss of aromas and acidity in the grapes. Warm nights accelerate ripening. A large diurnal range can produce wines that are fresher and more aromatic compared with a vineyard that has a smaller diurnal range. What are the 3 main irrigation techniques? - ANSWER-Drip Irrigation - Sprinklers - Flood Irrigation What is the difference between a hybrid and a crossing? - ANSWER-Hybrid: a vine whose parents come from two different vine species Crossing: a vine whose parents come from the same vine species What are the pros and cons of using machine harvesting? - ANSWER-Pro: speed, work at night, efficient, less expensive Con: Can only be used on flat lands, cannot be used to pick for specialised wine styles (whole bunches, Noble Rot) Pinot Noir - name 3 premium New World regions in 3 different countries in which it is produced. - ANSWER-Sonoma/Los Carneros (California) - Central Otago (New Zealand) - Yarra Valley/Mornington Peninsula/Tasmania (Australia) - Walker Bay (South Africa) - Casablanca Valley (Chile) Explain what carbonic maceration is and the style of wine it produces - ANSWER- Whole, uncrushed bunches that are placed into vats filled with CO2 to remove oxygen. Intercellular fermentation begins and when the grapes reach 2% abv they split and release their juice. These wines are soft in tannin but full of fruit with distinctive notes of kirsch, banana, bubble gum and cinnamon. List 4 methods of concentrating the grapes sugars in the production of sweet wines. - ANSWER-Noble Rot - Drying grapes on the vine - Drying grapes after picking - Freezing grapes on the vine What are the 3 main techniques a winemaker uses for clarification? - ANSWER- Sedimentation - Fining - Filtration Describe the characteristics of the Riesling grape. - ANSWER-Aromatic white grape; late-budding and mid- to late-ripening; ability to accumulate sugar without losing its naturally high acidity; green fruit flavours and floral notes in cool climates; citrus and stone fruit character with richer flavour in warmer climates; flavours of honey, toast, and petrol as it ages; one of the most long-lived white wines What are the 4 noble grape varieties of Alsace? - ANSWER-Riesling - Gewurztraminer - Pinot Gris - Muscat Describe the climate and geographical features of Alsace - ANSWER-Alsace has a cool to moderate continental climate. The Vosges mountains provide shelter making Alsace one of the driest regions in France allowing for warm, sunny, and dry autumns. Alsace What are the 3 main DOC regions in Friuli-Venezia Giulia? - ANSWER-Friuli Grave - Collio - Colli Orientali What grape is used in the GAVI DOCG and what kind of wine does it produce? - ANSWER-Cortese grape to produce wines that are pale and light-bodied with high acidity and aromas of citrus, green apples, and pears Describe a Barolo DOCG wine - ANSWER-Red wine made from Nebbiolo with high acidity, high tannins, with perfumed aromas of sour cherries, herbs, and dried flowers. Some Barolos are matured in small oak barrels, and most benefit from further aging in bottle. What does the term Classico mean on a label? - ANSWER-Classico acknowledges wines that have been made solely from the original classified land and includes many of the best wines form the area. List the differences between a Chianti Classico Riserva and a Brunello di Montalcino. - ANSWER-In Chianti, 20% of other grape varieties are allowed in the blend and the wine must be from the Chianti region and aged for a minimum 24 months, 3 of which in bottle. For a Brunello, the wine must be 100% Sangiovese and from the Montalcino region, the climate produces concentrated wines that have a minimum ageing requirement of 5 years, 2 years of which must be aged in oak. What 3 regions make up the toe, instep, and the heel in the boot of Italy? - ANSWER- Calabria - Basilicata - Puglia 3. Describe a wine coming from the Taurasi DOCG. - ANSWER-Red wine from the Aglianico grape that is deeply coloured with high acidity and tannin, and flavours of black fruit. It is matured in oak and develops earthy, forest floor flavours in the bottle. List 2 DOCG white wines from Campania - ANSWER-Fiano di Avellino - Greco di Tufo Describe a typical Orvieto DOC wine. - ANSWER-White wine made from Grechetto and Trebbiano that is light in body with medium to high acidity and flavours of ripe grapefruit and peaches. What are the 3 sub-regions of Rioja? - ANSWER-Rioja Alavesa - Rioja Alta - Rioja Baja Describe a typical wine coming from the Priorat DOQ. - ANSWER-Red wines from Garnacha and Cariñena that are deeply coloured with high tannins, medium to high alcohol, and concentrated black fruit often accompanied by toasty aromas from new French oak. List the minimum total ageing designations for a red wine from Spain - ANSWER-Joven - No minimum Crianza - 24 months Reserva - 36 months Gran Reserva - 60 months Describe a classic white Vinho Verde wine. - ANSWER-White wines that are pale lemon in colour, high acidity, and low in alcohol. They may be off-dry and often have a slight sparkling sensation that enhances their freshness. What are the 3 main grapes used in a typical red wine from the Alentejo region. - ANSWER-Aragonês - Trincadeira - Alicante Bouschet In what county lies the Santa Maria Valley AVA and what 2 grapes is it well suited for growing? - ANSWER-Santa Barbara County - Pinot Noir and Chardonnay Describe a Zinfandel. - ANSWER-Red wine that is full-bodied with high alcohol and sometimes small amounts of residual sugar. Flavours include red and black fruits, dried berries, and liquorice List the 4 sub-regions of the Central Valley in Chile from north to south. - ANSWER- Maipo - Rapel - Curicó - Maule What features influence the climate in the Casablanca and San Antonio Valley in Chile? - ANSWER-Proximity to the Pacific Ocean - Mountains - Morning fogs - Afternoon winds Name the 3 important grape growing areas in Mendoza, Argentina - ANSWER-Uco Valley - Luján de Cuyo - Maipu What region in New Zealand grows Bordeaux varieties and why are they suited there? - ANSWER-Hawke's Bay - it is the warmest and sunniest region in New Zealand with diverse soils including gravel soils in the Gimblett Gravels that help to retain heat. Describe a Hunter Valley Semillon - ANSWER-Hunter Valley Semillon is light bodied, low in alcohol and has high acidity from being harvested early. The wine is un-oaked and quite neutral when it is young but develops complex flavours of honey, nut, and toast as it ages Which 2 grapes is the Mornington Peninsula known for and why? - ANSWER-Pinot Noir and Chardonnay - Cool to moderate maritime climate where the best years provide a long growing season. What 2 grapes were crossed to make a Pinotage? - ANSWER-Pinot Noir and Cinsault What is the climate of the Worcester district and what styles of wines does it produce? - ANSWER-Hot and dry climate that requires irrigation; a reliable source of high-volume red and white wines but produces mostly white wine from Chenin Blanc and Colombard. List the steps in producing a traditional method sparkling wine. - ANSWER-Base wine Blending Second alcoholic fermentation Yeast autolysis Riddling Disgorgement and corking Bottle Aging What are the 3 grapes used in Champagne and what does each contribute to the blend? - ANSWER-Chardonnay - light body, high acidity, floral and citrus fruit character Pinot Noir - body, structure, and red fruit character Pinot Meunier - fruity flavours Describe a Prosecco - ANSWER-Typically produced by tank method with medium acidity and fresh aromas of green apple and melon. They are generally dry but may have slightly higher sugar levels than a Champagne or Cava. How does the Asti method of production work? - ANSWER-The grape must is chilled and stored until needed. When it is required, the juice is warmed and the fermentation takes place in pressurised tanks. Part-way through fermentation the tank is sealed to trap CO2. The fermentation continues until the alcohol reaches 7% and is stopped by chilling the wine which is then filtered under pressure to remove the yeast. What are the ideal conditions for storing wine? - ANSWER-10°C - 15°C - on its side if it has a cork - away from strong light - away from vibrations Describe a Rutherglen Muscat. - ANSWER-Sweet to luscious and amber to brown in colour, these wines are aged oxidatively and show flavours of caramel, nuts, and raisings while still retaining some of the floral, grapey character of the Muscat grape What is the difference between an Oloroso and an Amontillado Sherry? - ANSWER- Oloroso: Entirely oxidative aging without the presence of flor Amontillado: Aged oxidatively after a period of biological aging under flor What are the 3 main methods for extraction used in the production of Port? - ANSWER- Foot treading - Autovinifiers - Piston plungers What is a Late Bottled Vintage Port? - ANSWER-Vintage wines that have been aged for between 4 to 6 years before they are bottled. The extra aging makes these wines more approachable on release when compared with a Vintage Port