LAT Review 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS 2024/2025 CORRECT, Exams of Health sciences

Download LAT Review 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS 2024/2025 CORRECT and more Exams Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity! LAT Review 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS 2024/2025 CORRECT What is the first step of the research process A. Create a research design B. Establish a hypothesis C. Define the question D. Collect and analyze data C. Define the question How often does the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals require the IACUC to inspect the animal facilities? A. At least every 6 months B. At least once per year C. At least every 3 years D. At least every 5 years B. At least once a year. AWR and PHS Policy requires inspections every 6 months Which regulation requires three Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) members? A. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals B. Animal Welfare Regulations C. U.S. Government Principals for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training D. Public Health Service (PHS) Policy B. Animal Welfare Regulations What is research? A. An animal use protocol that is approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) B. An investigation into the practices of the facility C. A systematic investigation to establish facts or principles D. A program that was developed to help researchers learn new skills C. A systematic investigation to establish facts or principles In tests conducted with animals that cause no pain or distress and thus did not receive any pain-relieving drugs, what United States Agricultural Department (USDA) pain category would this describe? A. A B. B C. C D. D C. C What are the two federal agencies that require the Good Laboratory Practice (GLPs) Regulations are followed? A. Food and Drug Administration & Drug Enforcement Administration B. Environmental Protection Agency & Drug Enforcement Administration C. National Science Foundation & Food and Drug Administration D. Environmental Protection Agency & Food and Drug Administration D. Environmental Protection Agency & Food and Drug Administration What organization is responsible for overseeing compliance with the Public Health Service (PHS) Policy? A. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) B. Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW) B. Knowing the rules and NOT following them C. Knowing the rules and following them based on what your supervisor says D. Knowing the rules and following them D. Knowing the rules and following them What is the first step in making decision? A. Identify all possible solutions B. Identify the issue C. Make a swift decision D. Gather and assess information B. Identify the issue The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Public Health Service (PHS) require minutes of IACUC meetings and inspection reports be retained for how long? A. 6 months B. 1 year C. 3 years D. 5 years C. 3 years How often must must controlled substances be updated with an inventory list? A. Every year B. Every 2 years C. Every 3 years D. Every 5 years B. Every 2 years What are activities that have expenses but do not directly produce revenue? A. Core costs B. Cost centers C. Core totals D. Cost analysis B. Cost centers What type of management program usually has a separate department that takes care of all the institution's animals care needs? A. Consolidated management program B. Decentralized management program C. Colony management program D. Centralized management program D. Centralized management program What type of cost are lighting, HVAC, telephone, cleaning supplies, security, administrative salaries considered? A. Variable costs B. Fixed costs C. Indirect costs D. Direct costs C. Indirect costs What is the per diem charge per cage of mice if the total annual cost for 150 cages if mice were $82,125? A. $1.00 B. $1.50 C. $1.75 D. $2.00 B. $1.50 What type of floor plan is designed so that each room has exit doors to a dirty hallway that wraps around the periphery of the floor plan? A. Single-corridor B. Two-corridor C. Three-corridor D. Mixed C. Three-corridor Which statement is true about thermometers? A. Wet-bulb temperature is used as a measure of water B. Dry-bulb refers to the protection of the thermometer bulb from moisture C. Wet-bulb refers to the protection of the thermometer bulb from moisture D. Dry-bulb temperature is used as a measure of humidity B. Dry-bulb refers to the protection of the thermometer bulb from moisture What is the air exchange rate per hour if a room has an anemometer reading of 1000 CFM and the room has a dimension of 25 by 20 by 15 ft. A. 8 B. 10 C. 12 D. 15 A. 8 1000CFM x 60 minutes = 60000CFH 25 x 20 x 15 = 7500 cubic feet 60000 divided by 7500 = 8 air changes/hour What type of facility is designed to keep pathogens from exiting the room? A. Bio-exclusion B. Bio-containment C. Centralized D. Decentralized B. Bio-containment C. An ultraviolet filter that captures images of aquatic species D. Microorganisms that emit light B. Microorganisms that stick to the tank wall What does the Greek word "amphibios" mean? A. Water life B. Double life C. Swimming Life D. Changing life B. Double life Which one is NOT a standard method to dechlorinate water? A. Add sodium thiosulfate B. Aerate the water C. Let the water sit for 24 to 48 hours D. Expose the water to sunlight D. Expose the water to sunlight What is the scientific name of the African clawed frog? A. Xenopus catebeiana B. Xenopus laevis C. Xenopus tropicalis D. Xenopus tigrinum B. Xenopus laevis The four general categories of tissues are: A. epithelial/endothelial, connective, muscle, and skeletal B. epithelial/endothelial, collective, muscle, and nervous C. epizootic/endotracheal, connective, muscle, and nervous D. epithelial/endothelial, connective, muscle, and nervous D. epithelial/endothelial, connective, muscle, and nervous How many major organ systems are there? A. 10 B. 11 C. 12 D. 13 B. 11 What are the four basic structures in vertebrate skin? A. Epidermis, Endodermis, Glands, Hypodermis B. Epidemic, Endodermis, Glands, Hypodermis C. Epidermis, Dermis, Glands, Hypodermis D. Epidermis, Dermis, Glands, Hypothermia C. Epidermis, Dermis, Glands, Hypodermis What are the three bones in the sternum from cranial to caudal? A. manubrium, body, and xiphoid process B. manubrium, body, and clavical C. scapulae, clavical , and xiphoid process D. maxilla, body, and xiphoid process A. manubrium, body, and xiphoid process Which of the following is NOT a white blood cell? A. Leukocytes B. Erythrocytes C. Lymphocytes D. Granulocytes B. Erythrocytes How many chambers do fish have in their hearts? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 B. 2 Veins hold roughly __________ of the body's total blood volume. A. 30% B. 40% C. 60% D. 70% C. 60% The pancreas releases _____ and _____ into the blood. A. insulin, glucose B. epinephrine, norepinephrine C. epinephrine, calcitonin D. insulin, glucagon D. insulin, glucagon All mature mammalian red blood cells have a nucleus. A. True B. False B. False In the hybrid strain B6D2F1/NTac, the D2 refers to: A. The maternal strain B. The paternal strain C. The breeder D. The filial generation C. ventral marking gland D. scent gland A. peg teeth Rats do not have a _______ A. liver B. gallbladder C. Kidney D. spleen B. gallbladder Which of the following is an inbred strain of rat? A. C57BL/6 B. Wistar C. Sprague-Dawley D. Lewis D. Lewis Which of the following is an outbred stock of mouse? A. Swiss Webster B. Balb/c C. DBA D. FVB A. Swiss Webster What is the scientific name of the ferret? A. Mustela putorius furo B. Columba livia C. Equus caballus D. Mesocricetus auratus A. Mustela putorius furo Which species of mature male animals exhibit dark pigmented scent glands? A. Gerbil B. Rat C. Hamster D. Ferret C. Hamster Select the most commonly used minipig breed in United States laboratories. A. Yucatan B. Yorkshire C. Duroc D. Gottingen A. Yucatan It is reasonable to assume pregnancy in a female pig if there is an absence of estrus ____________after mating. A. 7 days B. 10 days C. 14 days D. 21 days D. 21 days Administration of _______anesthetics results in loss of sensation to specific parts of the body. A. limited B. local C. sectional D. general B. local Select the injectable local anesthetic from the choices below: A. Isoflurane B. Ketamine C Ophthaine D. Marcaine D. Marcaine What type of scissor is preferred for dissection of living tissue? A. Blunt-blunt B. Blunt-Sharp C. Sharp-Blunt D. Sharp-Sharp A. Blunt-blunt _________ forceps are used to place sterile drapes on surgical site. A/ Tissue B. Hemostatic C. Towel D. Thumb C. Towel Synthetic absorbable sutures may be preferred over catgut sutures because they _______ A. are less expensive. B. are finer. C. cause little inflammatory reaction. D. are thicker. C. cause little inflammatory reaction. Select the thinnest suture diameter. A. 5 C. 5 mm to 6 mm D. 7 mm to 8 mm A. 1 mm to 2 mm In the dosage regime given below, what route of administration is prescribed? Give 20 mg/kg metronidazole PO TID x 5 days. A. intravenous B. by mouth, orally C. intramuscular D. subcutaneous B. by mouth, orally Calculate the amount of ketamine to give to a 10kg monkey, based on a dosage of 5 mg/kg. The concentration of ketamine in the vial is 10 mg/mL. What amount (mL) should be given to the monkey? A. 1 mL B. 3 mL C. 5 mL D. 7 mL C. 5 mL How many centimeters are in 12 inches? A. 12 centimeters B 4.7 centimeters C. 15 centimeters D. 30.5 centimeters D. 30.5 centimeters A colony of 12 cats are fed 3 oz. of food per cat per day. How many 5.25 lb. bags of food are needed to feed all 12 cats per week? A. 3 B. 5 C. 6 D. 10 A. 3 At which stage of the estrous cycle does the female ignore the male? A. Monestrus B. Estrus C. Proestrus D. Metestrus D. Metestrus Which animal is NOT an induced ovulator? A. Rabbit B. Guinea pig C. Cat D. Ferret B. Guinea pig Veins hold roughly ____ of the body's total blood volume. A. 30 % B. 40 % C. 60 % D. 70 % C. 60 % The pancreas releases ___ and ___ into the blood. A. insulin, glucose B. epinephrine, norepinephrine C. epinephrine, calcitonin D. insulin, glucagon D. insulin, glucagon What are the four basic structures in vertebrate skin? A. Epidermis, Endodermis, Glands, Hypodermis B. Epidemic, Endodermis, Glands, Hypodermis C. Epidermis, Dermis, Glands, Hypodermis D. Epidermis, Dermis, Glands, Hypothermia C. Epidermis, Dermis, Glands, Hypodermis What are the three bones in the sternum from cranial to caudal? A. manubrium, body, and xiphoid process B. manubrium, body, and clavical C. scapulae, clavical, and xiphoid process D. maxilla, body, and xiphoid process A. manubrium, body, and xiphoid process Which one is NOT a standard method to dechlorinate water? A. Add sodium thiosulfate B. Aerate the water C. Let water sit for 24 hours D. Expose the water to sunlight D. Expose the water to sunlight What is the scientific name of the African clawed frog? A. Xenopus catesbeiana B. Xenopus laevis C. Xenopus tropicalis D. Xenopus tigrinum B. Xenopus laevis retained for how long? A. 6 months B. 1 year C. 3 years D. 5 years C. 3 years How often must controlled substances be updated with an inventory list? A. Every year B. Every 2 years C. Every 3 years D. Every 5 years B. Every 2 years What is the policy that an institution has in place to protect people who report animal welfare issues? A. Welfare Policy B. Whistle-blower policy C. Protection policy D. Informant policy B. Whistle-blower policy The point when an animal's distress or pain is prevented, stopped, or relieved. A. Terminal Endpoint B. Humane Endpoint C. Ethical Euthanasia D. Humane Euthanasia B. Humane Endpoint Which animal is covered under the Animal Welfare Act (AWA) and the Animal Welfare Regulations (AWR)? A. Snake B. Fish C. Guinea pig D. Mice of the genus Mus bred for use in research C. Guinea pig Animal Dealers that purposely breed and sell animals are classified as: A. Class A dealers B. Class B dealers C. Class C dealers D. Class D dealers A. Class A dealers In tests conducted with animals that cause no pain or distress and thus did not receive and pain-relieving drugs, what United States Agricultural Department (USDA) pain category would this describe? A. A B. B C. C D. D C. C What are the two federal agencies that require Good laboratory Practice (GLP) Regulations are followed? A. Food and Drug Administration & Drug Enforcement Administration B. Environmental Protection Agency & Drug Enforcement Administration C. National Science Foundation & Food and Drug Administration D. Environmental Protection Agency & Food and Drug Administration D. Environmental Protection Agency & Food and Drug Administration What is the first step of the research process? A. Create a research design B. Establish a hypothesis C. Define the question D. Collect and analyze data C. Define the question How often does the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals require the IACUC to inspect animal facilities? A. At least once every 6 months B. At least once per year C. At least once every 3 years D. At least once every 5 years B. At least once per year If a bag 10 lb. of feed costs $25, what is the cost per pound? A. $ 1.50 B. $ 2.50 C. $ 3.50 D. $ 4.50 B. $ 2.50 In the dosage regimen given below, what frequency is prescribed? Give 20 mg/kg metronidazole PO TID x 5 days? A. once daily B. twice daily C. three times daily D. four times daily C. three times daily A. 6 months B. 1 year C. 18 months D. 2 years A. 6 months Instruments that have undergone liquid chemical sterilization must be rinsed with _______ prior to surgical use. A. tap water B. sterile saline C. ethanol D. autoclaved water B. sterile saline The three periods of surgery consist of prior, during and following the operation. These periods together are known as the _____ period. A. preoperative B. postoperative C. perioperative D. intraoperative C. perioperative Aseptic procedures are required for all ______ A. surgeries B. survival surgery C. non-survival surgery D. major surgery B. survival surgery Which of the following is NOT a symptom of shock? A. Pale mucous membrane B. Loss of consciousness C. Increased blood pressure D. Hypothermia C. Increased blood pressure Which of the following is NOT a method to treat shock? A. Provide heat B. Provide antibiotics C. Provide supplemental oxygen D. Provide food D. Provide food What is the route of transmission when bitten by a mosquito? A. Inhalation B. Penetration of the skin C. Mucous membrane contact D. Ingestion by mouth B. Penetration of the skin This surgical procedure removes embryos from potentially infected dams and then implants them into a surrogate recipient. A. Reimplantation B. Rederivation C. In Vitro Fertilization D. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection B. Rederivation Preoperative fasting is typically not necessary with ______. A. Dogs B. Primates C. Rabbits D. Swine C. Rabbits The duration of postoperative care for an animal may vary but must last_____. A. 1 to 3 days B. 3 to 5 days C. 5 to 7 days D. 7 to 14 days D. 7 to 14 days What is the scientific name of the zebra fish? A. Rana catesbeiana B. Oncorhynchus C. Danio rerio D. Ictalurus C. Danio rerio What order do pigeons belong to? A. Galliformes B. Columbiformes C. Passeriformes D. Psittaciformes B. Columbiformes The term ______ is used to describe giving birth to piglets. A. gilt B. sow C. farrow D. wether B. every year C. every 2 years D. every 5 years B. every year Lymphocytic chorriomeningitis (LCM) is a viral disease that will cause infected hamsters to: A. lose weight and appear gaunt B. die immediately C. show no symptoms D. gain weight from increased body fat C. show no symptoms Which of the following is NOT a zoonotic disease? A. Tuberculosis B. Ringworm C. Herpes simplex virus D. Chicken pox D. Chicken pox During anesthetic recovery, it is important to turn the animal from side to side every ____. A. 10 to 15 minutes B. 15 to 30 minutes C. 30 to 60 minutes D. 1 to 2 hours A. 10 to 15 minutes Medication such as buprenorphine, meloxicam, carprofen, and morphine are know as ____. A. opioids B. NSAIDS C. anesthetics D. analgesics D. analgesics Spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) inherit a predisposition for high blood pressure resulting in a lifespan reduction of _____. A. 15 % B. 25 % C. 50 % D. 65 % B. 25 % What is the route of transmission of a disease that is spread from mother to offspring? A. Horizontal transmission B. Parallel transmission C. Vertical transmission D. Downward transmission C. Vertical transmission Inbred Rat Strains: Fischer 344 Lewis (LEW) Outbred Rat Stocks: Wistar (WI) Sprague-Dawley (SD) Long-Evens (LE) Inbred Mouse Strains: BALB/c C3H C57BL/6 DBA FVB Outbred Mouse Stocks: CD-1 ICR SID Once Daily BID twice daily TID three times daily QID four times daily Dry-bulb thermometer measures air temperature Wet-bulb thermometer measure of humidity Positive Pressure room