Navy Corpsman History and Medical Terminology, Exams of Nursing

Download Navy Corpsman History and Medical Terminology and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! HCB 101 Questions |Correctly solved answers |100% pass | 2024 TCRM - ✔✔Using risk management concepts when time and resources are limited. Situational Awareness - ✔✔The degree of accuracy by which one's perception of the current environment mirrors reality. Green Risk - ✔✔Little chance of serious error. Yellow Risk - ✔✔Higher chance of serious error. Red Risk - ✔✔Very high chance of serious error. Swooshing Arrow - ✔✔Return to good situational awareness. Balance Resources - ✔✔Make the risk decisions to mitigate risks. Red Block - ✔✔Policies, procedures, and routines. Green Block - ✔✔Checklist (instructions) Aqua Block - ✔✔Automation (fire alarm, lights, alarm clocks) Gray Block - ✔✔Knowledge, skill, and attitude (training, practice, drills) Yellow Block - ✔✔Briefings and external resources (supervisor, shipmate, Chaplin) Caduceus - ✔✔an insignia used by the medical profession (hospital corps) Sickbay - ✔✔Where sick and injured men were taken for care. Cockpit - ✔✔Another name for sickbay Surgeon Steward - ✔✔From 1820-1865, first enlisted rate requiring specific qualification. First seen in Navy pay charts in 1841 and ranked second in seniority among shipboard petty officers. Nurse - ✔✔From 1861-1873, applied to junior enlisted medical personnel. Served concurrently with Surgeon Steward. Medal of Honor - ✔✔The highest U.S. military decoration, awarded for gallantry and intrepidity. Distinguished Service Cross - ✔✔Second highest military decoration awarded to a member of the US Army for extraordinary heroism. December 15, 1902 - ✔✔First hospital corps school established in Portsmouth, VA which graduated first 29 hospital apprentices. 1916 - ✔✔Congress authorized expansion of hospital corps to 3.5% of all Navy and Marine Corps forces. 1917 - ✔✔Hospital corps school established in Great Lakes, IL. 1921 - ✔✔Hospital corps school closed on Great Lakes but opened two decades later to facilitate corpsman training for WWII. 1928 - ✔✔Hospital corps school established in San Diego. January 12, 1944 - ✔✔Hospital corps school for WAVES commissioned at the US Naval Hospital in Bethesda. December 12, 1947 - ✔✔Dental technician established official rate. Merged with hospital corps on October 1, 2005. 1997 - ✔✔NHCS Great Lakes became the navy's sole training facility for corpsman. 2005 - ✔✔Medical training moved to San Antonio. 2011 - ✔✔HM "A" course consolidated with the Air Force Aerospace Medical Assistant Course convening its first class in April 2011. July 1, 2017 - ✔✔HM "A" school was reestablished and convened its first class of only Navy sailors in over 6 years. Pre-WWI - ✔✔Spanish American War, Boxer Rebellion, Veracruz Incursion, Philippine Insurrection WWI - ✔✔17 corpsmen killed in action or died of wounds. 146 wounded or gassed. WWII - ✔✔Corpsmen served in Pacific and Atlantic campaigns and established a 97% casualty survival rate. 889 corpsmen died in combat. Half of corpsmen serving at the battle of Iwo Jima were wounded. Secretary Forrestal addressed Navy. Pharmacist's Mate John Bradley - ✔✔Participated in flag raising at Mount Suribachi. Korea - ✔✔At Inchon and Battle of the Chosin Reservoir, 108 corpsmen killed in action and treated 2844 wounded over 21 days at First Marine Division at Chosin. The percentage of casualties among corpsmen was higher than the marines. All 5 medals of honor were awarded to corpsmen serving with marines. Vietnam - ✔✔On hospital ships, 620 corpsmen died as a result of combat and 3353 were wounded in action. Corpsmen assigned to MC ground forces, riverine squadrons, hospital ships and naval support activity hospitals. Beirut - ✔✔On October 23, 1983, a marine barracks was attacked by a suicide bomber killing 241 including 15 out of 22 corpsmen. Grenada - ✔✔Operation Urgent Fury Persian Gulf - ✔✔USS Stark attacked on May 17, 1987 by missiles killing 37 and injuring 21. Operation Desert Storm - ✔✔USS Cole attacked on October 12, 2000 killing 17 and injuring 39. Medical department of an idc, junior hm and one striker. Somalia - ✔✔Operation Restore Hope, corpsmen served with elements of 15th marine expeditionary unit, 1st battalion 7th Marines and 3rd battalion 9th Marines Afghanistan - ✔✔Since November 2001, corpsmen have been assigned to Marine Corps Ground Combat Element. To date, 25 corpsmen have been killed in action. Iraq - ✔✔Corpsmen served from 2003-2011 in MC GCEs. 26 corpsmen were killed in action. Global Humanitarian Mission - ✔✔Two ships, USNS Mercy and USNS Comfort, support humanitarian efforts. The Communication Process - ✔✔Consists of the sender of the message, the message, the receiver of the message, and feedback. Barriers to Effective Communication - ✔✔Physiological, physical, and psychological. Physiological Barrier - ✔✔Results from some kind of sensory dysfunction on the part of either the sender or the receiver. Physical Barrier - ✔✔Consists of elements in the environment, such as noise, that contribute to the development of physiological barriers. Psychological Barriers - ✔✔Usually the result of one's inaccurate perception of self or others. Five Stages of Grief - ✔✔Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance Consent - ✔✔A patient's expressed or implied agreement to submit to an examination or treatment. Freedom of Information Act - ✔✔A document that governs the disclosure of documents maintained by government agencies. The official having responsibility for the records has 20 working days to respond to the requester. Protected Health Information (PHI) - ✔✔Individually identifiable health information including demographics, in paper, electronic, or oral form. Clinical Record - ✔✔A legal document that is admissible as evidence in a court of law in claims of negligence and malpractice. Advance Directive - ✔✔Paperwork which indicates who can provide informed consent for a patient. Witness to Consent - ✔✔Any competent adult. It is a conflict of interest to have a staff member who is participating in the patient's procedure to act as a witness. Release of Medical Information - ✔✔Two federal statutes, FOIA and the Privacy Act of 1974, combine to establish the criteria for collecting, maintaining, and releasing medical treatment records. Privacy Act of 1974 - ✔✔Establishes safeguards concerning the right of privacy by regulating the collection, maintenance, use, and dissemination of personal information by federal agencies. Health Information Portability and Accountability Act - ✔✔Enacted in 1996. Provides safeguards for protected health information to ensure patient privacy is maintained. HIPAA Privacy Rule - ✔✔Law that regulates the use and disclosure of patients' protected health information (PHI) for treatment, payment, and health care operations without written authorization from the patient. HIPAA Security Rule - ✔✔Defines the safeguards to protect PHI. Has greater limitations than the privacy rule. NAVMEDCOMINST 6310.3 - ✔✔Management of Alleged or Suspected Sexual Assault and Rape Cases provides guidance for care, evaluation, and medico-legal documentation of the alleged victim. OPNAVINST 1752.1 and SECNAVINST 5800.11 - ✔✔Sexual Assault Victim Intervention Program and Victim and Witness Program, provide guidance for the care and support of alleged victims of sexual assault. Health Record (HREC) - ✔✔A file of continuous care given to an active duty member. Inpatient Record (IREC) - ✔✔A medical file that documents care provided to a patient assigned to a designated inpatient bed at an MTF or ship. Outpatient Record (OREC) - ✔✔Ambulatory treatment received by other than AD person. Defense Enrollment Eligibility Reporting System (DEERS) - ✔✔The worldwide database of TRICARE and CHAMPVA beneficiaries. Must be enrolled in to be eligible for TRICARE. Primary Medical Records - ✔✔Health record, outpatient record and inpatient record. Contra - ✔✔Against Dys - ✔✔Difficult or painful Hyper - ✔✔Above normal, high Hypo - ✔✔Below normal, low Inter - ✔✔Between Peri - ✔✔Around Poly - ✔✔Many Post - ✔✔After, behind Pre - ✔✔Before Super/supra - ✔✔Above or in excess Sym, syn - ✔✔Joined together, with Tachy - ✔✔Fast Uni - ✔✔One Algia - ✔✔Pain Al - ✔✔Pertaining to Emesis - ✔✔Vomiting Itis - ✔✔Inflammation Ology - ✔✔Study of Plegia - ✔✔Paralysis Pnea - ✔✔Breathing Rrhea - ✔✔Discharge Spasm - ✔✔Contraction Ist - ✔✔One who specializes in GERD - ✔✔gastroesophageal reflux disease HEENT - ✔✔head, ears, eyes, nose, throat ROSC - ✔✔Return of spontaneous circulation ABCs of CPR - ✔✔airway, breathing, circulation BP - ✔✔Blood pressure C - ✔✔Celsius CNS - ✔✔central nervous system CSF - ✔✔cerebrospinal fluid F - ✔✔Fahrenheit Peripheral - ✔✔The outward part or surface of a structure. Fowler - ✔✔90 degree angle, sitting up. Six Structural Levels - ✔✔Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organismal Chemical Level - ✔✔Beginning level of the organization of the body. Cellular - ✔✔Consists of smallest and most numerous structural unit that possess and exhibits the basic characteristics of living matter. Tissue Level - ✔✔A group of many similar cells that all develop together from the same part of an embryo and all perform a certain function. Tissue - ✔✔Fabric of the body. There are four main types of tissue: epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous. Epithelial - ✔✔Forms the outer covering of the body known as the free surface of the skin. Connective - ✔✔The supporting tissue of the various structures of the body. It has many variations and is the most widespread tissue of the body (protection). Muscular - ✔✔Provides for all body movement. Three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Nervous - ✔✔Carries information from one part of the body to another through nerve impulses. Organ Level - ✔✔Chemical structures organized within larger units to perform a specific function. System Level - ✔✔The most complex of the organizational units of the body. Involves varying numbers of kinds of organs arranged so that, together, they can perform complex functions for the body. There are 11 major systems that make up the human body. Organismal Level - ✔✔A collection of interactive parts that are capable of surviving in hostile environments, with the ability to reproduce and repair damaged parts. Characteristics of Living Matter - ✔✔Digestion, metabolism, and homeostasis. Digestion - ✔✔Involves the physical and chemical breakdown of food into its simplest forms. Metabolism - ✔✔Process of absorption, storage and use of these foods for body growth, maintenance and repair. Homeostasis - ✔✔The body's self regulated control of its internal environment. Allows the organism to maintain a state of constancy or equilibrium, in spite of vast changes in the external environment. Respiratory System - ✔✔Begins at the nose and ends in the most distal alveolus. Made up of the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, epiglottis, esophagus, vocal cords, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, terminal respiratory unit, thorax, sternum, and thoracic cavity. Sinuses - ✔✔A cavity or hollow space in bone or other tissue. Pharynx - ✔✔The part of the digestive and respiratory tracts situates between the cavity of the mouth and the esophagus. Larynx - ✔✔The modified upper part of the respiratory passage of air-breathing vertebrates that is bounded above the glottis. Epiglottis - ✔✔A thin lamella of yellow elastic cartilage that ordinarily projects upward behind the tongue and just in front of the glottis. Esophagus - ✔✔A muscular tube that passes from the pharynx down the neck between the trachea and the spinal column. Vocal cords - ✔✔Where sound production is accomplished by the passing of air. Bronchial Circulatory System - ✔✔Provides nourishment to the lung. Diaphragm - ✔✔Major muscle of respiration. It's contraction creates a pressure difference between the thorax and diaphragm, which induces inspiration. Cardiovascular System - ✔✔Heart and blood vessels. Blood Vessels - ✔✔Series of distributing and collecting tubes. Aorta, arteries, capillaries, veins, Vena Cava. Aorta - ✔✔Large artery of the elastic type that is the main trunk of the systemic arterial system, arising from the base of the left ventricle and ending at the left side of the body. Arteries - ✔✔Thick walled, muscular, pulsating blood vessel moving blood away from the heart. Capillaries - ✔✔An extensive system of thin vessels that enable rapid exchange between the tissues and vascular channels. Veins - ✔✔A blood vessel carrying blood toward the heart. Vena Cava - ✔✔The large vein by which the blood is returned to the right atrium of the heart. Head - ✔✔The skull, mandible, and cervical vertebrae. Skull - ✔✔Consists of 28 bones. 14 facial stationary bones and a mobile lower jawbone. Brain - ✔✔Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, schenoid External Eye - ✔✔Eyelid, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, eye muscles, the bony orbit (eye socket) Conjunctiva - ✔✔Anterior surface of the eyeball and the posterior surface of the lids. lacrimal glands - ✔✔produce tears Internal Eye - ✔✔Sclera, cornea, iris, pupil, retina, optic disc Sclera - ✔✔Outer layer of the eye Cornea - ✔✔Anterior outer layer of the sclera is transparent Iris - ✔✔Circular, pigmented muscular structure that gives color to the eye Pupil - ✔✔Opening in the iris Retina - ✔✔The inner layer of the eye Optic disc - ✔✔Region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina. Blind spot. External ear - ✔✔pinna, external auditory meatus, tympanic membrane Cerumen - ✔✔Ear wax Middle ear - ✔✔Three ossicles: malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), stapes. Inner ear - ✔✔cochlea and vestibular apparatus Nose - ✔✔Nares, frontal and maxillary bones from the nasal bridge. Throat - ✔✔Pharynx, pillars, uvula, and tonsils Pharynx - ✔✔Nasopharynx Oropharynx Oral cavity - ✔✔Divided into the mouth and the vestibule. articular cartilage - ✔✔located at the ends of long bones. Smooth glossy tissue that forms the joint surfaces. Periosteum - ✔✔Thin outer membrane surrounding the bone. axial skeleton - ✔✔skull, vertebral column, bony thorax appendicular skeleton - ✔✔upper and lower extremities Neurology - ✔✔Communication and control network made up of neurons, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system. Neurons - ✔✔Nerve cells Spinal cord - ✔✔7 segments: 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal. Central nervous system - ✔✔Consists of the brain and spinal cord Brain stem - ✔✔Consists of the medulla, pons, and midbrain Peripheral nervous system - ✔✔Consists of nerves and ganglia (groups of neurons). Subdivided into autonomic sympathetic and parasympathetic. Autonomic-sympathetic - ✔✔Fight or flight Parasympathetic - ✔✔Rest and digest, and somatic Endocrine System - ✔✔A collection of glands whose function is to regulate multiple organs within the body to meet the growth and reproductive needs of the organism. Made up of endocrine tissues of the pancreas, parathyroid glands, pituitary glands, thyroid gland, gonads. Genitourinary System - ✔✔Urinary and genitalia. antidiuretic hormone - ✔✔Urinary volume is carefully controlled by adh to maintain a constant total body fluid volume. Urinary - ✔✔system made up of the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Genitalia - ✔✔Organs of reproduction made up of gonads and reproductive tract. Gonads - ✔✔Testes and ovaries Reproductive tract - ✔✔Male - epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct and urethra Female - uterine tubes, Fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, external genitalia, and mammary glands Gastrointestinal system - ✔✔Digestive system made up of mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, rectum, anus.