PHARMACOLOGY CMS EXAM 2024 -2025, Exams of Nursing

Download PHARMACOLOGY CMS EXAM 2024 -2025 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! 1 | P a g e PHARMACOLOGY CMS EXAM 2024 -2025 WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS |FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS |ALREADY GRADED A+|NEWEST|GUARANTEED PASS |LATEST UPDATE A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following arthroscopy and reports a pain level of 6 on a scale of O to 10 after receiving ketorolac 1 hr ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Tell the client they can have another dose of ketorolac in 3 hr. Document that the client is exhibiting drug-seeking behaviors. Administer oxycodone 5 mg or ally. Give acetaminophen 650 mg rectally. Administer oxycodone 5 mg or ally. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for verapamil PO. Which of the following beverages shoold the nursi recommend avoiding while taking this medication? Apple juice whole milk Lemonade Grapefruit Juice Grapefruit Juice 2 | P a g e A nurse is caring for a client who has hyperlipidemia and has been taking rosuvastatin for the past year. The client tells the nurse he has been experiencing muscle tenderness. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse review? Serum potassium White blood cells Creatine kinase T3 and T4 Serum potassium A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking epoetin alfa for 3 months. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication? T4 Hgb AST Troponin Hgb A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the family of a client who has a new prescription for donepezil. Which of the following therapeutic effects should the nurse inform the family to expect? Decreased incidence of seizures Improved cognitive function Decreased urinary output Improved pulmonary function Improved cognitive function A nurse is collecting a medication history from the parent of a preschooler who comes to the clinic for routine immunizations. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold the varicella immunization? A pregnant parent Taking acetaminophen for mild discomfort 5 | P a g e Name Facility Identification number Physical location Date of birth Name A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following medications in the client's history should the nurse report to the provider? Enalapril Aspirin Hydrochlorothiazide Digoxin Aspirin A nurse is caring for a client who has suspected acute opioid toxicity. Which of the following data should the nurse collect first? Level of consciousness Respiratory rate Heart rate blood pressure Respiratory rate A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the instructions? I will wait 48 hours between applications." I will wear the patch for 12 hours per day." I will place the patch on the outside of either arm. 6 | P a g e I will apply the patch when I have chest pain. I will apply the patch when I have chest pain. A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold the medication? Apical pulse 54/min 8P 179/89 mm Hg Temperature 37.8° C (100° F) Respiratory rate 14/min Apical pulse 54/min A nurse is preparing to insert a miconazole vaginal suppository for a client who has vulvovaginal candidiasis. Which of the following actions is appropriate for inserting this medication? Insert the suppository along the posterior wall of the vaginal canal. Put on sterie gloves before handing he suppository. Assist the client to a left lateral position. Apply a light coating of petroleum jelly to the suppository. Put on sterile gloves before handing he suppository. A nurse is preparing to administer a client's daily dose of alendronate. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? Keep the client upright for 30 min after administration. Check the dient's blood pressure 30 min after administration. Administer the medication with food. Administer the medication in the evening. Keep the client upright for 30 min after administration A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the PLEDGE program with a female client who has a new prescription for isotretinoin. The nurse should tell the client that which of the following is a requirement of the program? 7 | P a g e Female clients must have a nezative mammogram prior to beginning therapy Clients must have a Papanicolaou test every 6 months during treatment. Clients must begin a daily supplement of vitamin A for 1 month prior to initiating therapy. Sexually active female clients must use two forms of birth control during treatment. Sexually active female clients must use two forms of birth control during treatment A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports nausea and has vomited clear emesis. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer? Meperidine Naloxone Promethazine Diazepam Meperidine A nurse is collecting data on a client prior to administering digoxin. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold the medication? Respiratory rate 22/min Apical pulse 52/min Temperature 38° C (100.4° F) BP 105/60 mm Mg Apical pulse 52/min A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking diazepam several times per day but recently ran out of the medication. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a manifestation of withdrawal from diazepam? Tremors Drowsiness Hypotension 10 | P a g e Brain receptors become less sensitive to medications. Renal excretion time slows for medication. A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic hypertension. The client's morning vital signs include BP 140/80 mm Hg, heart rate 54/min, and respiratory rate 18/min. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to withhold? Aspirin Lisinopril Atenolol Hydrochlorothiazide Atenolol A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving ampicillin via intermittent IV bolus. The client begins wheezing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? Prepare for administration of epinephrine. Notify the provider. Document the client's vital signs. Discontinue the medication. Discontinue the medication. A nurse is caring for a client who started taking amitriptyline 6 days ago. The client reports that the medication is not helping, Which of the following responses should the nurse make? "You will need to take this medication on an empty stomach for it to be more effective." *I will ask your provider to increase the dose of the medication." *I will inform your provider so she can prescribe a different medication." You will need to wait a couple of weeks to feel the therapeutic effect of the medication." You will need to wait a couple of weeks to feel the therapeutic effect of the medication." A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a continuous IV of heparin. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor? 11 | P a g e Ecchymosis Hypotension weight loss Blurred vision Ecchymosis A nurse is collecting data from a client who has taken an overdose of oxycodone. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Tachycardia Dilated pupils sedation Tachypnea Tachycardia A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who had a recent myocardial infarction and has a new prescription for low-dose aspirin therapy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? "Chew the enteric-coated tablet before swallowing." "ibuprofen can decrease the effectiveness of this medication." Take the medication 1 hour before meals." "Take the medication with a sip of water." "Take the medication with a sip of water." A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heparin therapy. If the client requires a reversal of the effects of heparin, which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe? vitamin B12 Atropine Protamine 12 | P a g e vitamin K Protamine A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is receiving morphine via a continuous epidural infusion. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately? Facial flushing Blood pressure 88/56 mm Hg Respiratory rate 10/min Constipation Respiratory rate 10/min A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client through an enteral feeding tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Pinch the tube while connecting the syringe to it. Combine crushed medications together in a single syringe. Flush the tube with normal saline following medication administration. Elevate the head of the client's bed to 10°. Pinch the tube while connecting the syringe to it. A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to a client who has gonorrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Administer the medication with a 27-gauge ½-Inch needle. Use the Z-track technique to administer the medication. Give the medication without aspirating prior to injection. inject the medication at least 5 cm (2 In 1om the umbilicus. Administer the medication with a 27-gauge ½-Inch needle. A nurse is preparing to administer the hepatitis B vaccine IM to a 2-month-old infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Administer the vaccine at a rate of 1 mL per 5 seconds. 15 | P a g e insert the needle into the right thigh at a 90° angle. Rapidly inject the insulin using a 20-gauge 1-Inch needle. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for morphine 4 mg IM stat. The medication is dispensed in a 5 mg/mL prefilled syringe. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Discard the excess medication with a second nurse as a witness. Inject the prescribed dose and save the rest for a later use. Dispose of the excess medication in the sharps container. Give the full contents of the prefilled syringe Discard the excess medication with a second nurse as a witness A nurse working in an urgent care clinic is collecting data from a client who takes montelukast. Which of the following is an expected therapeutic effect of this medication? Increased WBC count Reduced bronchial inflammation Improved peripheral vasodilation Neutralized gastric acid Improved peripheral vasodilation A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for furosemide. Which of the following should the nurse include as an adverse effect of the medication that the client should report to the provider? Leg cramps Anxiety increased blood pressure Visual disturbances Leg cramps A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of schizophrenia. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer? 16 | P a g e Risperidone Fenofibrate Levodopa Baciofen Risperidone A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a prescription for exenatide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? "Contact the provider if you experience unexplained muscle pain." Discard excess medication after 60 days. inject the medication into the subcutaneous tissue of your abdomen." Take the medication at bedtime. "inject the medication into the subcutaneous tissue of your abdomen" A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who is taking atorvastatin. The nurse should identify that a change in which of the following laboratory values indicates an adverse effect of the medication? Creatine kinase Albumin Sodium Platelets Creatine kinase A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the varicella vaccine with the guardian of a toddler. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? "The first dose of this vaccine is given after the child is 3 years old." "This vaccine is contraindicated for children who are allergic to eggs." "The vaccine should be avoided in children who have leukemia. 17 | P a g e Give your child three doses of aspirin following administration of this vaccine" "The vaccine should be avoided in children who have leukemia A nurse is preparing to mix PH insulin and regular insulin for administration. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Inject air into each vial Withdraw the PH insulin first Shake the regular insulin vial use a tuberculin syringe. Inject air into each vial A nurse is monitoring a client who recently began taking lisinopril for hypertension. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is an adverse effect of the medication to report to the provider? Tinnitus Urinary retention Persistent cough Rhinorrhea Persistent cough A nurse is caring for a client who has cystic fibrosis. The client is taking pancrelipase and has a new onset of steatorrhea. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? You should chew the medication completely." You should take this medication with food. you need to increase the fat intake In your diet." you are experiencing an adverse reaction to the medication." you need to increase the fat intake In your diet." A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for timolol ophthalmic solution to treat glaucoma. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? 20 | P a g e A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who received a dose of sodium polystyrene sulfonate. Which of the following findings should a nurse identify as an indication that the medication has been effective? calcium 8 mg- under normal range potassium 4.6 meq- in normal range A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is taking hydrochlorothiazide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations has an adverse effect of the medication? hypokalemia A nurse recently administered filgrastim intravenously to a client who has cancer and is receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy. For which of the following data, discovered after the medication was administered, should the nurse file an incident report? The medication vial sat at room temperature for 2 hours before it was administered. A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism and has been taking levothyroxine for 2 months. Which of the following statements by the client indicate a therapeutic response to the medication? I have noticed I'm not as cold as I used to be a nurse is receiving the laboratory results of a client who has rheumatoid arthritis and a prescription for cyclosporine. The nurse should report which of the following laboratory results of the provider? creatinine 2.8 mg A nurse is teaching a newly-licensed nurse about expired medication. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? return the medication to the pharmacy a nurse is administering naloxone to a client who has developed an adverse reaction to Morphine. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a therapeutic effect of naloxone? increased respiratory rate a nurse is preparing to administer Heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following should the nurse plan to minimize bleeding following the injection? grasp skin between thumb and forefinger throughout the injection A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is taking Prednisone for long term treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse reactions to the drug? bone loss A nurse is interviewing a client who reports a desire to quit smoking. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe? 21 | P a g e bupropion A nurse is teaching a client about self-administration of an enoxaparin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to select all that applies? alternate the injection site between the sides of the abdomen grasp the skin between the thumb and forefinger while injecting the medication insert the entire length of the needle into the skin during injection a nurse is assessing a client who is in septic shock and is receiving dopamine by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should increase the rate of the infusion? headache A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has bipolar disorder prior to the administration of lithium carbonate. The client's lithium level is 2.6 meq. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? prepare the client for hemodialysis A nurse is interviewing a client who was newly admitted prior to administering medication. The client tells the nurse, " I forgot to tell the doctor I like albuterol for asthma". for which of the following medications should the nurse withhold the dose and notify the provider? propranolol A nurse is teaching a client who is to start taking clopidogrel. the nurse should instruct the client to Monitor and Report which of the following adverse effects of the medication? blurred vision A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for paroxetine. the nurse should instruct the client to monitor which of the following adverse effects? Drowsiness A nurse is administering ferrous sulfate elixir to a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? administer the medication through a straw A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving Total parenteral Nutrition. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? monitor the client's weight daily a nurse is assessing a client who has hypermagnesemia. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer? calcium gluconate a nurse is caring for a client who is receiving hospice care and has a prescription for fentanyl buccal film. Which of the following methods should the nurse use to administer this medication? 22 | P a g e insert the medication against the mucosal membrane of the cheek A client who has Graves disease is prescribed methimazole. Which of the following effects should the nurse expect to see after the clients take the medication after 2 months? increase sleeping A nurse is assessing a client who has Graves disease and is taking methimazole. Which of the following findings indicate that the client needs a lower dose of the medication? exophthalmos A nurse is planning to administer a controlled substance to a client who is experiencing pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first? Identify the client using two identifiers a nurse accidentally administers the medication Metformin instead of metoprolol to a client which of the following actions should the nurse take? check the client's glucose level A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is prescribed spironolactone. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? I will limit potassium rich foods in my diet A nurse is caring for a client who has a major depression and a new prescription for citalopram. Which of the following adverse effects is the nurse to report to the provider? confusion A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has gastric ulcer and a new prescription for ranitidine. Which of the following statements does the client indicate an understanding of the teaching? I should not take in and Anti Acid within 1 hour of taking his medication A nurse is preparing to administer amphotericin B lipid complex via intermittent IV bolus to a client who has infected endocarditis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? administer the medication over 2 hours a nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a client who has diabetes mellitus. The client has a prescription for regular insulin for you and NPH insulin 12 units subsequent oenis identify the steps the nurse should take when mixing the two types of insulin. inject 12 unit of air into the NPH insulin vial A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has diabetes mellitus and is taking Glipizide. Which of the following values indicate the client is adhering to the treatment plan? hba1c 6.8% 25 | P a g e warfarin 100 units subcutaneously daily a nurse is preparing to administer Propranolol to a client which of the following should the nurse assess prior to administering? heart rate A nurse is planning care for a client who has a prescription for erythromycin lactobionate IV bolus. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care? monitor the client for hearing loss A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving Heparin therapy for deep vein thrombosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse indicate to the nurse that the therapy is effective? Platelets within the expected reference range A nurse is teaching a client who has multiple allergies about using epinephrine auto-injector. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? administer the medication through clothing if necessary A nurse is completing medication reconciliation for a client prior to their transfer to a rehabilitation facility. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? include the medication the client received during surgery on the client's medication list nurse is assessing a client who is receiving intravenous therapy. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a manifestation of fluid volume excess? Distended neck vein A nurse is caring for a client who has hyponatremia and is receiving an infusion of a prescribed hypertonic solution. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the treatment is effective? Improved cognition A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for a nitroglycerin transdermal patch. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Remove the patch prior to going to bed nurse is reviewing he laboratory results of a client who has a prescription for sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) every 6 hr. which of the following should the nurse report to the provider? Potassium 5.2 mEq/L A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and is taking isoniazid and rifampin. Which of the following outcomes indicates that the client is adhering to the medication regimen? The client has a negative sputum culture 26 | P a g e A nurse is caring for a client who is taking sertraline and reports a desire to begin taking supplements. Which of the following supplements should the nurse advise the client to avoid? St. John's Wort nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a new prescription for lisinopril. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor when administering lisinopril? Hypotension A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving heparin IV continuous IV. The client has an PPT of 90 seconds. They should monitor the client for which of the following changes in their vital signs? increased blood pressure A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client and discovers a medication error. The nurse should recognize that which of the following staff members is responsible for completing an incident report? The nurse who identifies the error a nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving morphine via continuous epidural infusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following? Pruritus A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin orally to a client. Identify the sequence of steps the nurse should take. (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the order of performance. Use all the steps.) Obtain the client's apical heart rate Remove the medication from the dispensing system Open the medication package Compare the client's wristband to the medication administration record Document administration of the medication A home health nurse is visiting a client who has heart failure and a prescription for furosemide. The nurse identifies that the client has gained 2.5 kg (5 lb.) since the last visit 2 days ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? Determine medication adherence by the client A nurse is preparing to administer the initial dose of penicillin G IM to a client. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an indication of an allergic reaction following the injection? Urticaria A nurse is teaching a client who has angina a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Keep the tablets at room temperature in their original glass bottle. 27 | P a g e A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for theophylline, a sustained- released capsule. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? I can take my medication in the morning with my coffee. A nurse is mixing regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe prior to administering it to client who has diabetes mellitus following actions should the nurse take first? Inject air into the regular insulin vial A nurse is preparing to administer subcutaneous heparin to a client. Which of the following should the nurse take? Insert the needle at least 5 cm (2 in) from the umbilicus A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for amoxicillin. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing an allergic reaction? Cardiac dysrhythmia A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about medication reconciliation. The nurse should instruct the newly licensed nurse to perform medication reconciliation for which of the following? A client who is transferal to a step-down unit nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who is taking atorvastatin. Which of the following laboratory values indicates the treatment has been effective? LDL 120 mg/dL A nurse is receiving a medication prescription by telephone from a provider. The provider states, "Administer 6 milligrams of morphine IV push every 3 hours as needed for acute pain." How should the nurse transcribe the prescription in the client's medical record? Morphine 6 mg IV push every 3 hr PRN acute pain A nurse is assessing a client's IV infusion site and notes that the site is cool and edematous. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Apply a warm, moist compress a nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for clozapine. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? Notify your provider if you develop a fever while taking this medication. A nurse is teaching a client about oral contraceptive. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? it can take up to 1 year to become pregnant after stopping an oral contraceptive 30 | P a g e Multiple health problems Decreased renal function A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client prior to administering IV tobramycin. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider? Creatinine 2.5 mg/dL A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Apply firm pressure to the injection site following administration A nurse is caring for a client who has breast cancer and reports pain. 1 hr after administration of prescribed morphine 10 mg IV. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer? Lidocaine patch A nurse is assessing a client who reports taking over-the-counter antacids. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypercalcemia? Positive Trousseau's sign A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive potassium replacement. The provider's prescription reads. "Potassium chloride 30 mEq in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL IV over 30 min." which of the following reasons should the nurse clarify this prescription with the provider The potassium infusion rate is too rapid A nurse is monitoring laboratory values for a client who has chronic heart failure and is receiving digoxin. Which of the following values should the nurse report to the provider? Potassium 2.9 mEq/L A client who has active tuberculosis and is taking rifampin reports that his urine and sweat have developed a red tinge. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Document this as an expected finding A nurse is administering 4 mg of hydromorphone to a client by mouth every 4 hr. the medication is provided as hydromorphone 8 mg per tablets. Which of the following actions is appropriate for the nurse to take? Dispose of the remaining medication while another nurse observes A nurse is caring for 4-year-old child following an orthopedic procedure. When assessing the child for pain. Which of the following pain scales should the nurse use? faces A nurse is planning care for a client who requires treatment for high cholesterol. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse expect to administer? 31 | P a g e Colerain A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure. The nurse administered furosemide 60 mg IV bolus 30 min earlier. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider? The client reports difficulty hearing A nurse is planning teaching for a client who is trying to quit smoking. Which of the following instructions about nicotine replacement options should the nurse include? Do not drink beverages while sucking on a nicotine lozenge A nurse is preparing to administer filgrastim 5mcg/kg/day subcutaneous to a client who weighs 143 lb. How many mcg should the nurse administer per day? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.) 325 mcg A nurse is preparing to initiate IV therapy for a client. Which of the following sites should the nurse use to place the peripheral IV catheter? Nondominant dorsal venous arch A nurse is assessing a client who is taking an osmotic laxative which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of fluid volume deficit? Oliguria A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is taking amitriptyline which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider? Total bilirubin 1.5 mg/dL A nurse is caring for a client who is taking lithium and reports starting a new exercise program. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following electrolyte imbalances? Hyponatremia A nurse is assessing a client after administering phenytoin IV bolus for a seizure. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of this medication? Bradycardia A nurse is consulting a formulary about a client's new prescription for raloxifene. The nurse should identify that this medication is used to treat which of the following conditions? Osteoporosis