NAME
STRUCTURE
KIND
FUNCTION
NOTE
abs
abs(number)
built in
it find the absolute value of a number
dir dir(value) built in
it returns a list of names with the attributes of
the given object
dir() returns the list of all the object
names in memory
help help(value) built in
it shows information about a function, a data
item, or a form
import
import(function_name)
built in
it imports a function
input
input(value)
built in
it asks the user to enter some data
the data returns as a string
pow
pow(value, exponent)
built in
it returns "value" to the power of "exponent"
print
print(value)
built in
it shows the value inserted
range range (start, stop [, step]) built in
it returns an object that produces a sequence of
integers from start (included) to stop
(excluded) by increments of step
only works with integers! if start is
omitted, the default value is 0; if step
is a negative number there's a
decrement
open open('filepath',['mode']) built in: file
it access a file where "filepath" specifies the
name of the file, including its complete path in
the disk and "mode" specifies how the file
should be opened (in reading or writing mode)
if "mode" is omitted the file is
opened as read only
dict dict() built in: S&D it creates an empty dictionary
if we use an iterable object as
argument it can also be non-empty
len len(sequence) built in: S&D
it returns the number of elements of the
sequence or dictionary
list list(iterable) built in: S&D it converts an iterable object into a list
ex. >>>list(range(6)) is equal to [0, 1,
2, 3, 4, 5]
max max(sequence) built in: S&D
it finds the max among single parameters, list,
tuple or strings
it works also with strings where 'a' is
the min value and 'z' is the max value
(also 'pen'>'dog')
min min(sequence) built in: S&D
it finds the min among single parameters, list,
tuple or strings
it works also with strings where 'a' is
the min value and 'z' is the max value
(also 'pen'>'dog')
sorted sorted(sequence) built in: S&D
it returns a new list with the elements sorted in
ascending order
it works also with strings where 'a' is
the min value and 'z' is the max value
(also 'pen'>'dog')
sum sum(sequence) built in: S&D it sums the numbers of the sequence
if you have numbers as strings it
doesn't work
tuple
tuple(iterable)
built in: S&D
it converts an iterable object into a tuple
float
float(value)
built in: type
it converts to a floating point number
format format(value, 'format') built in: type
it formats a value according to specific
parameters
int
int(value)
built in: type
it converts to a integer
str
str(value)
built in: type
it converts to a string
type
type(value)
built in: type
it finds the type of data of the value inserted
math.ceil
math.ceil(number)
math
it rounds the number up
4.7 becomes 5
math.floor
math.floor(number)
math
it rounds the number down
4.7 becomes 4
math.log
math.log(number[,baseA])
math
it returns the log of the number in base A
if base A is omitted it's 10
math.sqrt
math.sqrt(number)
math
it returns the square root of the number
os.chdir os.chdir('path') os
it changes the current working directory to
"path"
os.getcwd os.getcwd() os
it returns the path of the current working
directory
os.getlogin os.getlogin() os
it returns the name of the current Windows
user
os.listdir os.listdir(['path']) os
it returns a list with names of files and folders
available in the folder specified in "path"
if "path" is omitted it uses the
working directory
os.rename os.rename('OldName','NewName') os
it renames files or directories from
"OldName" to "NewName"
os.path.isfile os.path.isfile('path') os.path
it returns True if the "path" is referring to a file,
False otherwise
os.path.join
os.path.join('path','filename')
os.path
it concatenates "path" to "filename" putting \\
random.choice
random.choice(sequence)
random
it returns a random element from the sequence
random.randint random.randint(a,b) random
it generates a random integer between a and b
included
random.random random.random() random
it generates a random floating point between 0
and 1
random.randrange
random.randrange(min,max[,step])
random
it returns a random integer between min
(included) and max (excluded) with an increase
of step
webbrowser.open webbrowser.open('url',new=0) webbrowser it allows opening a URL in the browser
if new=0 the url is opened
in the same browser window, if
new=1 a new browser window is
opened, if new=2 a new browser
page is opened
PYTHON FUNCTIONS
