IT Coding
First lesson
Big data means that you have trillions of bytes to work on
Big data is 3v (volume velocity and variability (many different aspects to integrate to get some
knowledge)) cloud computing is important because is very cheap to leave competencies of power.
What is computational thinking? It’s a very important change, it is the process involved in
formulating problems and their solutions are represent in a form that can be effectively carried
out by an information-processing system
How complex is a problem, the solution range is so large or there are lot of problem not solvable
Computational thinking is not a technical skill, is not being expert in a computer or thinking like a
computer, is not coding, making very efficient programs
Basic tools:
Abstraction: the ability to filter out information that is not necessary to solve a certain type
of problem.
Generalization: the formulating of general concepts from specific instance by abstracting
common properties.
Algorithms is like a cooking recipe, you have to follow the recipe to achieve your goal, it must be
unambiguous for the human that don’t understand what the algorithm tells but computers that
are very fast understand what to do with the algorithm an algorithm is an ordered set of
ambiguous, executable steps that defines a terminating process
Algorithm primitives, primitive are very common semantic structures
Name = expression (ex. Year = 2018) semantic allocate a memory area (named “year”
suited for storing the integer value 2018 it may be “1 year = 2018” or “first year = 2018”,
year is different from Year (my bird year = 1968 myBirthYear = 1968) the second is
Camel Casing (use the capital letter to divide words) it’s a way to describe the subdivision
of the sequence, use self-descriptive name is easier to understand (not use the variable x
because is not compressible for other people, some assignment are primitive such as
myName=”Francesco locatelli”, expression can be computer expression (ex.
ramainingFunds = checkingBalance + savingsBalance), index = index +1
Data types are the different types of data, numeric, strings and Boolean, the only operation
between strings is + that concatenates two strings (x = “hello” * “daniele” is an error).
Boolean is a logical value that has only 2 values: TRUE or FALSE, x = a != b (means that
a is not equal to b)
binary operations: AND / OR / XOR
And is true when both a & b are true
Or is true when at least one between a or b is true
Xor is true when just one of a or b is true
Conditions: ex. If a > 0 it is positive numberRange = “a is positive”
Iteration primitive: another common semantic structure is the repeated execution of a statement
or sequence of statement as long as some condition remains true. While: statement 1 statement 2
statement 4
Example: sum=0 – i=1(initialization) (sum & i are variables) while i<5 (termination condition)
sum=sum+i or i=i+1 what is the value of sum????????
Lists are basic connection of elements list=[1,2,3,4,5]
