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Headwo rd Collocations ability cognitive ability abstract abstract concept abuse sexual abuse academy (in) academic circles, academic achievement, academic career, academic community, academic debate, academic discipline, academic discourse, academic institution, academic journal, academic life, academic performance, academic research, academic skills, academic study, academic success, academic work, academic world, academic writing, academic year accept accept responsibility, acceptable behaviour, socially acceptable, widespread acceptance, (be) commonly accepted, (be) generally accepted, (be) universally accepted, (be) widely accepted access allow access (to), deny access (to), direct access, easy access, electronic access, equal access, free access, gain access (to), give access (to), have access (to), internet access, limited access, online access, open access, provide access (to), public access, ready access, unlimited access, easily accessible, readily accessible account brief account, comprehensive account, historical account accurate great accuracy, accurate assessment, accurate description, accurate information, accurate measurement, accurate picture, accurate record achieve achieve (a) goal, achieve (an) objective, achieve (an) outcome, academic achievement acquire acquire knowledge, newly acquired act sexual act, appropriate action, collective action, legal action, military action, positive action, active involvement, active participant, active participation, active role, (be) actively involved, political activism, commercial activity, cultural activity, economic activity, engage in (an) activity, human activity, learning activity, physical activity, political activity, professional activity, related activity, social activity, undertake (an) activity
acute particularly acute, acutely aware add add information additiona l additional cost, additional information, additional problem, additional resources, additional support address address (an) issue adjust structural adjustment, make adjustments administr ate public administration, administrative practices adopt adopt (a) procedure, adopt (an) approach, (be) widely adopted advance advanced economy, advanced technology, technological advances advantag e major advantage adverse adverse effect, adverse reaction, adversely affect affair economic affairs, financial affairs, internal affairs affect affect (the) development (of), affect (the) outcome, adversely affect, directly affect, severely affect, significantly affect, (be) directly affected agency federal agency, regulatory agency agenda political agenda, set (the) agenda agree generally agree, strongly agree, broad agreement, general agreement, international agreement, reach (an) agreement, strongly disagree aim overall aim, primary aim allocate allocate resources allow allow access (to) ally (be) closely allied (to, with) almost almost identical
appropri ate appropriate action, appropriate behaviour, appropriate conditions, appropriate data, appropriate form, appropriate language, appropriate level, appropriate point, appropriate response, appropriate skills, appropriate treatment, appropriate way, consider appropriate, deem appropriate, particularly appropriate, seem appropriate, respond appropriately area complex area, core area, cover (an) area, geographic(al) area, identify (an) area, key area, local area, main area, major area, metropolitan area, particular area, problem area, related area, rural area, specific area, subject area, urban area, vast area, whole area, wide area arena political arena argumen t compelling argument, counter argument, develop (an) argument, general argument, logical argument, main argument, make (an) argument, present (an) argument, similar argument, support (an) argument, valid argument armed armed conflict arrange ment institutional arrangement, make arrangements array (a) vast array (of), (a) wide array (of) article publish (an) article artificial artificial intelligence aspect certain aspect, consider (an) aspect, cultural aspect, focus on (an) aspect, fundamental aspect, general aspect, key aspect, negative aspect, particular aspect, positive aspect, related aspect, social aspect, specific aspect, technical aspect, various aspects assess assess (the) impact (of), assessment process, accurate assessment, make (an) assessment, risk assessment assign (be) randomly assigned (to) assist financial assistance, medical assistance, provide assistance, technical assistance associat e associated factors, (be) closely associated (with), (be) commonly associated (with), (be) positively associated (with), (be) strongly associated (with)
assume assume (the) role (of), assume responsibility, (be) generally assumed, basic assumption, common assumption, fundamental assumption, make (an) assumption, underlying assumption, certain assumptions atom atomic energy attempt deliberate attempt attend attend (a) conference attention careful attention, considerable attention, critical attention, draw attention (to), focus attention (on) attitude change (an) attitude, negative attitude, positive attitude, changing attitudes, cultural attitudes, public attitudes, social attitudes audience target audience, wider audience author first author, original author authority central authority, exercise authority, local authority, political authority, public authority autonom y greater autonomy, relative autonomy available available data, available evidence, available information, available resources, become available, currently available, freely available, make available, publicly available, readily available, widely available average average score, national average aware acutely aware, become aware, fully aware, increasingly aware, keenly aware, make aware, well aware, greater awareness, growing awareness, increase awareness, increased awareness, increasing awareness, public awareness, raise awareness backgro und background knowledge, cultural background, diverse background, historical background, social background base (be) largely based (on), basic assumption, basic component, basic concept, basic element, basic function, basic information, basic premise, basic principle, basic research, basic structure, basic technique, legal basis, theoretical basis bear bear resemblance (to)
care primary care, provide care, careful analysis, careful attention, careful consideration, careful thought, (be) carefully controlled, (be) carefully selected career career development, career opportunity, academic career carry carry information carry out carry out (the) task, carry out research (of) case civil case, exceptional case, individual case, specific case cast cast doubt (on) category broad category, fall into (the) category (of), general category, main category causal causal link, causal relation, causal relationship cause cause consequences, cause stress, major cause, underlying cause centre central authority, central concept, central concern, central control, central core, central feature, central focus, central government, central importance, central issue, central part, central point, central position, central problem, central question, central role, central tenet, central theme, urban centre certain certain aspect, certain assumptions, certain characteristics, certain circumstances challeng e face (a) challenge, major challenge, pose (a) challenge, present (a) challenge, serious challenge change change (an) attitude, change constantly, change dramatically, change rapidly, climate change, cultural change, demographic change, dramatic change, economic change, fundamental change, historical change, major change, minor change, radical change, significant change, structural change, technological change, environmental changes, changing attitudes, changing circumstances, changing nature, changing needs, changing pattern, changing world, ever changing, rapidly changing, remain unchanged chapter final chapter, following chapter, introductory chapter, opening chapter, preceding chapter, previous chapter, subsequent chapter
characte ristic characteristic feature, common characteristic, defining characteristic, key characteristic, salient characteristic, specific characteristic, certain characteristics, demographic characteristics, individual characteristics, main characteristics, physical characteristics, similar characteristics charge (be) highly charged chemical chemical reaction choose individual choice, personal choice, (be) randomly chosen circle (in) academic circles circumst ance certain circumstances, changing circumstances, exceptional circumstances, historical circumstances, local circumstances, personal circumstances, political circumstances, social circumstances, special circumstances cite (be) frequently cited civil civil case, civil society class class consciousness, lower class, ruling class classic classic example, classic study, classic text, classic work, classical theory clear clear boundary, clear distinction, clear evidence, clear focus, clear indication, clear relationship, clear statement, clear structure, entirely clear, fairly clear, (be) clearly defined, (be) clearly demonstrated, (be) clearly established, (be) clearly identified, (be) clearly related (to), clearly evident, clearly important, clearly understand, clearly visible, remain unclear climate climate change, current climate, political climate, climatic conditions close close contact, close proximity, close relationship, close scrutiny, (be) closely allied (to, with), (be) closely associated (with), (be) closely connected (to, with), (be) closely linked (to, with), (be) closely related (to), (be) closely tied, closely resemble, (on/ upon) closer inspection, (upon, on) closer examination, closer look clue provide (a) clue
compete increased competition, competitive market, competitive pressure, highly competitive compete nce demonstrate competence complete complete (a) task complex complex area, complex interaction, complex issue, complex pattern, complex problem, complex process, complex question, complex relationship, complex set, complex situation, complex structure, complex system, extremely complex, highly complex, increasingly complex, increasing complexity compon ent basic component, essential component, fundamental component, individual component, key component, main component, major component compreh ensive comprehensive account, comprehensive approach, comprehensive overview, comprehensive review, comprehensive system concentr ate high concentration concept abstract concept, basic concept, central concept, defining concept, key concept, theoretical concept, use (the) concept concept, conceptual framework concern central concern, environmental concern, major concern, primary concern, (be) mainly concerned (with), (be) particularly concerned (with), (be) primarily concerned (with) concerte d concerted effort conclude concluding remarks, concluding section, draw (a) conclusion, general conclusion, lead to (the) conclusion, logical conclusion condition sufficient condition, conditional probability, appropriate conditions, climatic conditions, create conditions, economic conditions, experimental conditions, living conditions, natural conditions, normal conditions conduct conduct (a) study, conduct (a) survey, conduct (an) analysis, conduct (an) interview, conduct research
confer annual conference, attend (a) conference, hold (a) conference, international conference, national conference confine (be) largely confined (to) conflict conflict resolution, armed conflict, come into conflict (with), internal conflict, political conflict, potential conflict, resolve (a) conflict, social conflict, conflicting interests connect (be) closely connected (to, with), (be) directly connected (to, with), (be) intimately connected (to, with) connotati on negative connotation, positive connotation consciou sness class consciousness, political consciousness consent general consensus, political consensus, reach (a) consensus, give consent, informed consent consequ ent cause consequences, direct consequences, economic consequences, environmental consequences, have consequences, negative consequences, political consequences, possible consequences, serious consequences, social consequences, unintended consequences consider consider (a) possibility, consider (an) aspect, consider (an) issue, consider (the) impact (of), consider (the) implications, consider (the) role (of), consider appropriate, consider relevant, careful consideration, ethical consideration, further consideration, give consideration, political consideration, practical consideration, require consideration, take into consideration, (be) generally considered consider able (a) considerable amount (of), (a) considerable degree (of), (be of) considerable importance, (in) considerable detail, (to a) considerable extent, considerable attention, considerable debate, considerable effort, considerable evidence, considerable influence, considerable interest, considerable research, considerable support, considerable variation, differ considerably, vary considerably consist consistent pattern, consistent results
core core area, core element, core issue, core skills, core value, central core correct correct (an) error, correct interpretation, politically correct correlate (be) highly correlated (with), (be) negatively correlated (with), (be) positively correlated (with), (be) significantly correlated (with), (be) strongly correlated (with), high correlation, negative correlation, positive correlation, significant correlation, significant correlation, strong correlation cost additional cost, rising cost counter counter argument country capitalist country, industrial country, industrialized country cover cover (a) range (of), cover (a) topic, cover (an) area, media coverage, provide coverage create create (an) environment, create (an) impression, create (an) opportunity, create conditions, create opportunities, create problems, newly created, creative process, creative thinking, creative work crime commit (a) crime, criminal offence crisis economic crisis criteria meet criteria, objective criteria, use criteria critical critical analysis, critical approach, critical attention, critical essay, critical evaluation, critical examination, critical factor, critical importance, critical inquiry, critical introduction, critical issue, critical perspective, critical point, critical reflection, critical review, critical role, critical scrutiny, critical theory, critical thinking, critical writing, highly critical, critically evaluate, radical critique crucial crucial difference, crucial factor, crucial importance, crucial part, crucial point, crucial question, crucial role
culture cultural activity, cultural aspect, cultural attitudes, cultural background, cultural boundary, cultural change, cultural context, cultural differences, cultural dimension, cultural diversity, cultural factors, cultural heritage, cultural history, cultural identity, cultural influence, cultural institution, cultural issue, cultural life, cultural norm, cultural perspective, cultural phenomenon, cultural practice, cultural significance, cultural theory, cultural tradition, cultural values, culturally specific, common culture, dominant culture, global culture, local culture, modern culture, national culture, political culture, popular culture, traditional culture currency foreign currency, single currency current current climate, current issue, current policy, current research, current status, current technology, current trend, currently available custome r potential customer daily daily living damage environmental damage dangero us potentially dangerous data data gathering, data set, appropriate data, available data, collect data, empirical data, existing data, experimental data, extract data, gather data, historical data, interpret data, missing data, numerical data, obtain data, original data, preliminary data, present data, primary data, process data, provide data, qualitative data, quantitative data, raw data, record data, relevant data, reliable data, report data, secondary data, statistical data, store data, survey data, transmit data, use (the) data data, online database deal deal (with an) issue death premature death debate academic debate, considerable debate, contemporary debate, heated debate, ongoing debate, political debate, public debate, theoretical debate decade next decade, previous decade, early decades, recent decades
desire highly desirable, socially desirable, desired outcome detail (in) considerable detail, sufficient detail, technical detail, detailed analysis, detailed examination, detailed information, detailed study determin ed (be) largely determined (by) develop develop (a) method, develop (a) strategy, develop (a) technique, develop (a) theory, develop (an) argument, develop (an) approach, (be) fully developed, (be) highly developed, (be) originally developed, career development, cognitive development, contribute to (the) development (of), encourage (the) development (of), facilitate (the) development (of), further development, future development, historical development, industrial development, normal development, physical development, professional development, promote (the) development (of), regional development, significant development, subsequent development, technological development, urban development, affect (the) development (of), developmental process, developmental stage diagnosti c diagnostic test differ differ considerably, differ significantly, differ widely, crucial difference, fundamental difference, major difference, obvious difference, sexual difference, significant difference, substantial difference, cultural differences, ethnic differences, individual differences, racial differences, radical differences, regional differences, (be) markedly different, entirely different, fundamentally different, qualitatively different, radically different, slightly different, substantially different, totally different, widely different, behave differently, think differently, treat differently difficult increasingly difficult, encounter difficulties, experience difficulties, face difficulties, learning difficulties, practical difficulties, present difficulties digital digital information, digital media, digital technology dilemma ethical dilemma, face (a) dilemma, moral dilemma
dimensio n cultural dimension, political dimension, social dimension direct direct access, direct communication, direct consequences, direct contact, direct evidence, direct impact, direct involvement, direct link, direct observation, direct relationship, direct role, (be) directly affected, (be) directly connected (to, with), (be) directly involved (in), (be) directly linked (to), (be) directly linked (to, with), (be) directly proportional (to), (be) directly related (to), (be) directly responsible (for), directly affect disaster natural disaster disciplin e academic discipline disclose disclose information discours e academic discourse, dominant discourse, public discourse, scientific discourse discover newly discovered discrimin ate face discrimination, positive discrimination, racial discrimination discuss discuss (a) topic, discuss (an) issue, briefly discuss, (be) widely discussed, previously discussed, brief discussion, earlier discussion, fuller discussion, preceding discussion, previous discussion disperse (be) widely dispersed display public display dispose disposable income dispute resolve (a) dispute distinct distinct group, distinct type, clear distinction, draw (a) distinction, make (a) distinction, sharp distinction, distinctive feature distingui sh distinguishing feature distribute (be) widely distributed, geographic(al) distribution, normal distribution
economy economic activity, economic affairs, economic analysis, economic benefits, economic change, economic conditions, economic consequences, economic context, economic crisis, economic exploitation, economic factors, economic forces, economic goal, economic growth, economic inequality, economic integration, economic interests, economic policy, economic power, economic prosperity, economic reform, economic relations, economic relationships, economic resources, economic sector, economic stability, economic status, economic structure, economic success, economic system, economic theory, economic value, economic welfare, advanced economy, capitalist economy, global economy, local economy, national economy, political economy, rural economy edit revised edition educate (be) highly educated, well educated, higher education, primary education, secondary education, educational institution, educational opportunity, educational policy, educational programme, educational provision, educational qualification, educational research, educational setting, educational system effect adverse effect, beneficial effect, combined effect, dramatic effect, negative effect, overall effect, positive effect, profound effect, significant effect, similar effect, effective communication, effective implementation, effective intervention, effective management, effective method, effective participation, effective policy, effective treatment, highly effective, particularly effective, communicate effectively, use effectively, work effectively, environmental effects efficient highly efficient effort concerted effort, considerable effort, research effort election presidential election electroni c electronic access, electronic communication, electronic media, electronic resources, electronic version element basic element, contain (an) element, core element, essential element, individual element, key element, main element, single element, structural element, constituent elements
embed (be) deeply embedded emerge newly emerging emission reduce emissions emotion emotional impact, emotional intelligence, emotional reaction, emotional response, emotional support emphasi s give emphasis, greater emphasis, increasing emphasis, particular emphasis, place emphasis, shift emphasis, special emphasis, strong emphasis empirical empirical data, empirical evidence, empirical investigation, empirical research, empirical study, empirical support, empirical work employ employ (a) method, employ (a) technique, employment opportunities, full employment, paid employment, high unemployment, low unemployment encounte r encounter difficulties, encounter problems, first encounter, (be) commonly encountered encoura ge encourage (the) development (of) energy atomic energy, nuclear energy, renewable energy, solar energy engage in engage in (an) activity enhance enhance learning, enhance performance, greatly enhance enormou s (an) enormous amount (of), enormous impact entire (the) entire range (of), entire period, entirely clear, entirely different, entirely new entity separate entity, single entity
