Specialized Discourse and Genre Analysis: An Overview, Schemi e mappe concettuali di Lingua Inglese

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LINGUAGGI

SETTORIALI E

TRADUZIONE INGLESE

Gaia Caligiore

a.a. 2024/

EGP VS ESP

EGP (English for General Purposes)

EGP is the type of English used for broad , everyday

communication that isn9t tied to any particular field

or professional domain.

This includes the kind of language people use in day-

to-day conversations, media , and general

communication scenarios.

EGP encompasses the standard vocabulary,

grammar, and expressions needed to navigate

various, non-specialized contexts.

EGP VS ESP

ESP (English for Specific Purposes) Involves English tailored to specific fields, professional domains, or contexts where unique vocabulary, structures, and discourse conventions are required. This includes fields like law, medicine, engineering, and academia. The language used in ESP contexts is specialized, focusing on terminology, phrases, and formats that meet the precise needs of these areas.

This part of the course (30 hrs) We will focus on the theoretical aspects of English in the context of specialized discourse. We will explore the features of specialized discourse and assess its degree of specificity and diversification, as compared to general language (EGP). Goal: identify the distinctive traits of specialized discourse, which do not necessarily depend on a specific linguistic code

This part of the course (30 hrs) Notion of specialized discourse The distinctive properties of specialized discourse Comparison of these properties with those that do not belong to specialized discourse (although frequently occurring)

Definining the notion of Specialized Discourse Register analysis turned its attention to the description of any feature that diverges from the default level of common language. Scholars generally focused on the lexical dimension, which is the most marked. «Some lexical items suffice almost by themselves to identify a certain register [&]»

Definining the notion of Specialized Discourse

" Medical/Health Sciences :

" pathology , etiology , prognosis , antimicrobial , symptomatic , biopsy , pathogen

" Legal :

" jurisdiction , litigation , plaintiff , tort , statute , precedent , liability

" Linguistics :

" phonology , morphosyntax , prosody , allophone , constituency , pragmatics , corpus

" Education/Pedagogy :

" scaffolding , metacognition , curriculum , formative assessment , differentiation , pedagogy , learner autonomy

" Business/Management :

" stakeholder , synergy , benchmarking , ROI (Return on Investment) , market segmentation , supply chain , KPIs (Key Performance Indicators)

" Engineering/Technical Fields :

" calibration , algorithm , circuitry , tensile strength , modulus , fabrication , protocol

" Environmental Science :

" biodiversity , ecosystem , sustainability , mitigation , carbon footprint , pollutant , conservation

Definining the notion of Specialized Discourse & and far more! There is more than a lexical distinction amog different SD genres, therefore identifying the elements that are considered 8 marked 9 is not enough to account for their placement there Shift from a qualitative to a quantitative approach ³ macrolinguistic perspective (contextualization)

Definining the notion of Specialized Discourse BE CAREFUL THOUGH! Sometimes the specific features we see in specialized languages (like legal or technical writing) aren9t unique to the field itself , but instead come from other factors (formality of the context). " English technical writing ³ avoidance of contractions (do not/don9t) = not a feature required by technical language, but formal writing 7 In any given piece of writing, we might see features from different sources mixing together.

Definining the notion of Specialized Discourse Because there are many factors at play in communication, it can be hard to trace a specific feature back to just one source. " Mapping out specific genres for each specialized language o linking these genres to certain features " Grouping the main factors that help distinguish different genres in specialized fields, aiming to identify consistent patterns in their usage

Definining the notion of Specialized Discourse Comparing legal discourse WILLS, CONTRACTS, INSURANCE A. High Formality in Written Genres ³ can be very formal and follow predictable patterns. They are structured, formulaic, and use standardized language BRIEFS, STATUTES B. Lower Formality in Other Written Genres ³ can be less formal VERDICTS, VOWS, OATHS, INDICTMENTS C. Formal Oral Genres : Interestingly, some spoken legal texts, like verdicts, wedding vows, oaths, and indictments , are highly formal too. They9re also predictable in wording, relying on fixed expressions that people expect to hear in those settings

IN COURT

IN COURT: (Formal Oral Genre) " Bailiff : "Please raise your right hand." " Witness : Raises hand " Bailiff : "Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give is the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you God?" " Witness : "I do."