Pobierz Podstawowe zasady i pojęcia w dziedzinie biologii. i więcej Notatki w PDF z Biologia tylko na Docsity! 1. Cell: The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or more cells. 2. Genetics: Genetics is the study of heredity and the transmission of genes from one generation to another. 3. Evolution: Evolution is the process of change in organisms over time, leading to species diversity. 4. Adaptation: Adaptation refers to changes in an organism's structure and behavior that help it survive and reproduce in specific environmental conditions. 5. Ecosystem: An ecosystem is a community of living organisms and their surrounding environment, including interactions between them. 6. Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce organic compounds (such as glucose) and oxygen. 7. Respiration: Respiration is the process by which organisms convert oxygen and glucose into energy, releasing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. 8. Taxonomy: Taxonomy is the science of classifying and naming organisms, organizing them into hierarchical categories, such as kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. 9. Ecology: Ecology is the study of the relationships between organisms and their environments, including the flow of energy and matter through ecosystems. 10. Homeostasis: Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. 11. Reproduction: Reproduction is the process by which organisms produce offspring, ensuring the continuation of their species. 12. Mutation: A mutation is a change in an organism's genetic material that can lead to variations within a population. 13. Natural Selection: Natural selection is the mechanism by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more successfully. 14. Hormones: Hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulate various physiological processes in the body. 15. Biodiversity: Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms and species within an ecosystem or on Earth as a whole. These are some of the fundamental concepts and terms in the field of biology.