PRACE

PRZEGLĄDOWE

Adres

do

korespondencji

Anna

Nadolska-Orczyk,

Zakład

Inżynierii

Komórkowej

i

Transformacji,

Instytut

Hodowli

i

Aklimatyzacji

Roślin,

Radzików,

05-870

Błonie,

biotechnologia

3

(90)

53-63

2010

Wykorzystanie

interferencji

RNA

w

biotechnologii

zbóż

Anna

Nadolska-Orczyk,

Wojciech

Zalewski,

Sebastian

Gasparis,

Wacław

Orczyk

Zakład

Inżynierii

Komórkowej

i

Transformacji,

Instytut

Hodowli

i

Aklimatyzacji

Roślin,

Państwowy

Instytut

Badawczy,

Radzików

Application

of

RNA

interference

for

cereal

crops

biotechnology

Summary

RNAi

technology

is

based

on

a

natural

process

of

RNA-directed

gene

regula



tion.

The

technique

is

widely

used

for

gene

functional

analysis

and

to

obtain

plants

with

modified

traits.

The

main

advantage

of

this

system,

particularly

when

applied

for

polyploid

species,

is

the

possibility

of

simultaneous

silencing

of

homologous,

homoeologous

or

orthologous

genes.

The

article

discusses

the

results

of

relatively

few

papers

where

RNAi

has

been

used

for

functional

analysis

of

native

genes

of

wheat

and

barley.

The

main

part

of

the

article

presents

the

research

on

RNAi

based

gene

silencing

in

cereals

performed

by

our

group.

The

experimental

basis

of

our

work

was

the

elabora



tion

of

efficient

Agrobacterium-hased

transformation

and

plant

regeneration

sys



tems

of

different

cereal

species

(wheat,

barley,

triticale

and

oat).

Currently,

the

method

is

applied

for

modification

of

two

types

of

traits

in

wheat,

triticale

and

barley.

The

first

one

is

a

technological

trait

related

to

cereal

grain

hardness.

It

is

genetically

controlled

by

Pina

and

Pinb

genes.

We

obtained

over

a

hundred

transgenic

lines

with

various

degrees

of

Pina

and

Pinb

silencing.

Currently,

the

lines

are

being

analyzed

for

the

amount

of

PINA

and

PINB

proteins,

composition

of

storage

proteins,

and

the

grain

texture.

The

second

set

of

traits

depends

on

CKX

genes

encoding

cytokinin

oxidase/dehydrogenase

-

the

part

of

the

system

specifically

governing

the

cytokinin

level

in

different

organs

and

developmental

stages.

We

obtained

over

forty

barley

transgenic

lines

with

silenced

HvCKXl.

This

modification

was

found

to

be

tightly

correlated

with

enhanced

plant

pro



ductivity

measured

as

the

higher

grain

number

and

higher

mass

of

a

thousand

kernels.

The

Ti

and

T

2

transgenic

seedlings

developed

bigger

root

system.

Key

words:

RNAi,

cereals,

wheat,

barley,

gene

silencing.