Zadania z języka angielskiego, Ćwiczenia z Język angielski

Pobierz Zadania z języka angielskiego i więcej Ćwiczenia w PDF z Język angielski tylko na Docsity! 76 If I do ... and If I did ••• Compare these examples: (1) Lisa has lost her watch. She tells ue: LI A: I've lose my watch. Have you een it an} vhere? SUE: o, but if I find it, 1'11 tell you. In this example, Sue feels there i a real pos ibiliry that he will find the watch. o she ays: if I find ... , ru .... (2) Joe says: If I found a wallet in the street, I'd take it to the police station. This is a differenr type of situation. Here, Joe doesn t expect to find a wallet in the rreec: he is imagining a icuarion that will probably not happen. So he says: if 1 found ... , I'd (= l would) ... . (not if l find ... , 1'11 ... ) When you imagine something like this, you use if+ past (if I found/ if there was/ if we didn't etc.). But the meaning is not past: D What would you do if you won a million pounds? (we don't realJy expect this to happen) □ I don't really want to go co their parry, but I probably will go. They'd be upset if I didn't go. □ If there was (or were) an election tomorrow, who would you vote for? For if ... was/were, see Unfr 39C. We do not normally use would in the if-part of the sentence: If I won a million pounds ... □ I'd be very frightened if somebody pointed a gun at me. (not if somebody would point) □ If I didn't go to their party, they'd be upset. (not If I wouldn't go) But you can use if ... would when you ask somebody to do something: □ (from a formal letter) l wouJd be grateful if you would let me know your decision as soon as possible. In the other part of the sentence (not the if-part) we use would ('d)/wouldn't: □ If you cook more exercise, you'd (= you would) feel bener. □ I'm not tired. If l went to bed now, l wouldn't sleep. D Would you mind if I used your phone? Could and might are also possible: o If you cook more exercise, you might feel better. (= it is po sible that you would feel better) D If it sropped raining, we could go 01:1t. (= we would be able to go our) Do not use when in sentences like those on this page: □ They'd be upset if l didn't go to their parry. (not when I didn't go) D What would you do if you were bitten by a snake? (not when you were binen) Will -+ Units 21-22 If and when-. Unit 250 Would -. Unit 36 If I knew -+ Unit 39 If I had known-+ Unit 40 Adapted from: Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar in Use: A Self-Study Reference and Practice Book for Intermediate Learners of English - with Answers. 3rd ed., Cambridge University Press, 2004. Exercises Unit 38 38.1 Put the verb into the correct form. l They would be offended if I ..... 4/:4.)'.).'.k.~9. ...... to their party. (not/ go) 2 If you took more exercise, you ..... ~.9.~.\4-... M ..... better. (feel) 3 If they offered me the job, I think I ............................................................... it. (take) 4 A lot of people would be out of work if the car factory ............................................................... . (close down) 5 lf I sold my car, I ............................... ............................... much money for it. (not / get) 6 (in a lift) What would happen if somebody ............................................................... that red button? (press) 7 I don't think there's any chance that Gary and Emma will get married. I'd be absolutely astonished if they ............................................................... . (do) 8 Liz gave me this ring. She .............................................................. very upset if I lost it. (be) 9 Dave and Kate are expecring us. They would be very disappointed if we .. _ ....................................................... ... . (not/ come) 10 Would Steve mind if I ............................................................... his bike without asking him? (borrow) 11 What would you do if somebody ............................................................... in here with a gun? (walk) 12 I'm sure Sue ................................................................................. if you explained the situation to her. (understand) 38.2 You ask a friend to imagine these situations. You ask What would you do if ... ? l (imagine - you win a lot of money) ..... \.'Jl,,o.i .. wov.ld.. ... ij.ov. .... a.otf ~ov. ... won ... o.. .. lot ... of .. mon~ ? ............................................................................................................ .. 2 (imagine - you lose your passport) What ................................................................................................... : ......................................................................................................................................... - 3 (imagine - there's a fue in the building) 4 (imagine - you' re in a lift and it stops between floors) 38.3 Answer the questions in the way shown. 1 ..\: Shall we catch che 10.30 train? B: No. (arrive too early) .... .J.f. ... .... ~,gb.t .... .. .JQ.,.~.Q .... k.~J .... ½:'J/4. ... !'.:!.T~Y~ .... l!.-?.9. ... ~~., ........................ .. 2 A: Is Kevin going ro take his driving test? B: o. (fail ) If he .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... .. 3 ..\: Why don't we stay at a hotel? B: No. (cost coo much) If ...................... ............................................................................................ ................................................................ . 4 A: Is Sally going to apply for the job? B: o. (not/ get it) If ................................................................................................................................................................................................ . 5 ..\: Let's cell them the truth. B: No. (not/ believe us) If .................................................................................................................................................................................... . 6 A: Why don't we invite Bill to the party? B: o. (have to invite his friends too) ................................................................................................................................................................... · ..................................................................................... . 38.4 Use your own ideas to complete these sentences. 1 If you cook more exercise, .... .149.\A.. 14' .... M ... b.~~-' ............................................................................................................................... .. 2 T'd be ,·ery angry if ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... .. 3 lf I didn't go co work tomorrow, ...................................................................................................................................................................... .. 4 Would you go to the party if ................................................................................................................................................................................ .. 5 lf you bought some new cloches, ...................................................................................................................................................................... .. 6 Would you mind if ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... . 77 Adapted from: Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar in Use: A Self-Study Reference and Practice Book for Intermediate Learners of English - with Answers. 3rd ed., Cambridge University Press, 2004. 80 If I had known ••• I wish I had known ••• Study this example situation: Last month Gary was in hospital for a few days. Rachel didn't know this, so she didn'r go ro visit him. They met a few days ago. Rachel said: If I had known you were in hospital, l would have gone to see you. Rachel said: If I had known you were in hospital ... . This tells us that she didn't know he was in hospital. We use if + had ('d) ... ~o talk about the past (if I had known/been/done etc.): D I didn't see you when you passed me in the street. If I'd seen you, of course I would have said hello. (but I d idn't see you) D I decided to stay at home last night. ·I .would have gone out if I hadn't been so t ired. (but I was tired) D If he had been looking where he was going, he wouldn't have walked into the wall. (but he wasn't looking) D The view was wonderfuJ. If I'd had a camera with me, I would have taken some photographs. (but I didn't have a camera) Compare: D I'm not hungry. If I was hungry, I would eat something. (now) D I wasn't hungry. If I had been hungry, I would have eaten something. (past) Do not use would in the if-part of the sentence. We use would in the other part of the sentence: If I had seen you, I would have said hello. (not If I would have seen you) Note that'd can be would or had: If I'd seen you, (I'd seen = I had seen) I'd have said hello. (I'd have said = I would have said) We use had (done) in the same way after w1sh. I wish something had happened = I am sorry that it didn't happen: I wish I'd known that Gary was ill. I would have gone to see him. (but I didn 't know) D I feel sick. I wish I hadn't eaten so much cake. (I ate too much cake) D Do you wish you had studied science instead of languages? (you didn't study science) Do not use would have . .. after wish: D The weather was cold while we were away. I wish it had been warmer. (not I wish it would have been) Compare would (do) and would have (done): If I had gone to the party last night, I would be tired now. (I am not tired now - present) D If I had gone to the party last night, 1 would have met lots of people. (l didn't meet lots of people - past) Compare would have, could have and might have: we would have gone out. we could have gone out. If the weather hadn't been so bad, (= we would have been able to go out) we might have gone out. (= perhaps we would have gone out) Had done --+ Unit 15 If I do / if I did --+ Unit 38 If I knew / I wish I knew -+ Unit 39 Wish --+ Unit 41 Adapted from: Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar in Use: A Self-Study Reference and Practice Book for Intermediate Learners of English - with Answers. 3rd ed., Cambridge University Press, 2004. Exercises Unit 40 40.1 Put the verb into the correct form. 1 I didn ·r know you were in hospital. If .... J'4 . ..i9'.l.().~t1 .... (I / know), .. .!.. .. ~9.½.~ . .h~Y.~ ... 99.Y.l.~ .... (I/ go) to see you. 2 Sam gor to the station just in rime ro catch the train co the airport. If ................................................................... .. (he / miss) the train, ........................................................................................................... (he/ miss) his flight. 3 I'm glad that you reminded me about Amanda's birthday. .. .................................................................................................... . (l / forger) if ........................................................................................................... (you/ not/ remind) me. 4 Unfo rtunately I forgot my address book when f went on holiday. ff ........................................................................ .. (I / have) your address, .......................................................................................................... (I/ send) you a postcard. 5 :\: How was your holiday? Did you have ·a nice time? B: lr was OK, bur ........................................................................................................... (we/ enjoy) it more if .... ................................................................................................... (rhe weather/ be) nicer. 6 I rook a raxi co rhe horel, bur the traffic was bad. .. ..................................................................................................... (it/ be) quicker i_f ........................................................................................................... (I / walk). 7 I'm not tired. lf .................. ............... ................... ............................................... .. (I / be) tired, I'd go home now. 8 I wasn't tired last nighr. If ......................... .......... .. ............................................................. (I / be) tired, I would have gone home earlier. 40.2 For each situation, write a sentence beginning with If. 1 l wasn't hungry, so 1 didn 't eat an\'thing . ..... lf .. J.'cl ... been)·11An9rn, l ... 1Nov.Ld.. ... ho..ve, ... ~n .... somet111.,Y\9 ....................................................................................................... . 2 The accident happened because rhe road was icy. If the road ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .. 3 I didn 'r know rhat Joe had co get up early, so I didn't wake him up. If I .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .. 4 I was able ro buy the car only because Jane lent me rhe money. 5 Karen wasn't injured in the crash because she was wearing a sear belt. 6 You didn't have any breakfast - thar's why you' re hungry now. 7 I didn't get a taxi because I didn't have any money. 40.3 Imagine that you are in these situations. For each situation, write a sentence with I wish. l You·ve eaten coo much and now you feel sick. You say· ..... 1 ... wtsh .... 1 .... no.d.n't ... eoJ:.e.n .... so ... muc}i.· .................................................................................................................................. .. 2 There was a job advertised in the newspaper. You decided not to apply for it. Now you think rhar your decision was wrong. You Sa}·: I \\·ish J .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. .. 3 When you were younger, you never learned to play a musical instrument. Now you regret this. You say· ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .. 4 You've painted rhe gate red. Now you think that red was the wrong colour. You say· ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .. 5 You a re walking in the country. You'd like to take some photographs, bur you didn't bring your camera. You say· ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .. 6 You have some unexpected guests. They didn 't phone fi rst to say they were coming. You are \·ery busy and you are nor prepared for them. You say (to yourself): ................................................................................................................................................................................................... . _. Additional exercises 19-21 (pages 313-14) 81 Adapted from: Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar in Use: A Self-Study Reference and Practice Book for Intermediate Learners of English - with Answers. 3rd ed., Cambridge University Press, 2004. Answer key Adapted from: Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar in Use: A Self-Study Reference and Practice Book for Intermediate Learners of English - with Answers. 3rd ed., Cambridge University Press, 2004.