Oxford Cambridge and RSA - 2025
Friday 6 June 2025 – Afternoon
A Level History A
Y108/01 The Early Stuarts and the Origins of the Civil War 1603–
1660
Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes
(Verified Question Paper With Mark
Scheme Combined June 2025)
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2025 OCR A Level History A Y108/01 The Early Stuarts and the Origins of the Civil War 16, Exams of History
2025 OCR A Level History A Y108/01 The Early Stuarts and the Origins of the Civil War 1603–1660 Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes (Verified Question Paper With Mark Scheme Combined June 2025) INSTRUCTIONS •Use black ink. •Write your answer to each question in the Answer Booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown. •Fill in the boxes on the front of the Answer Booklet. •Answer Question 1 in Section A. Answer either Question 2 or Question 3 in Section B. INFORMATION •The total mark for this paper is 50. •The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ]. •Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*). •This document has 4 pages. ADVICE •Read each question carefully before you start your answer. OCR 2025 [D/506/4257] DC (ST) 358897 OCR is an exempt Charity Turn over Section A The Execution of Charles I and the Interregnum 1646–1660 Study the four sources and answer
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Oxford Cambridge and RSA - 2025
Friday 6 June 2025 – Afternoon
A Level History A
Y108/01 The Early Stuarts and the Origins of the Civil War 1603–
Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes
(Verified Question Paper With Mark
Scheme Combined June 2025)
INSTRUCTIONS
- Use black ink.
- Write your answer to each question in the Answer Booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown.
- Fill in the boxes on the front of the Answer Booklet.
- Answer Question 1 in Section A. Answer either Question 2 or Question 3 in Section B. INFORMATION
- The total mark for this paper is 50.
- The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
- Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*).
- This document has 4 pages. ADVICE
- Read each question carefully before you start your answer. © OCR 2025 [D/506/4257] DC (ST) 358897 OCR is an exempt Charity (^) Turn over
Y108/ Jun © OCR 2025 his consent. Sir John Berkeley, Memoirs, written during the reign of Charles II
Turn over
Y108/ Jun © OCR 2025 Source D: At the Putney Debates, Cromwell criticises the Leveller proposals which were soon to be published as ‘An Agreement of the People’. Truly this paper contains very great alterations of the government of the kingdom. What the consequences of such an alteration would be, wise and godly men ought to consider. How do we know if, while we are debating this proposal, another group of men might submit another proposal as acceptable as this? And if so, what do you think the consequence of that would be? Would it not be utter confusion? There will be very great mountains in the way of this proposal, if it were the thing to be adopted. Oliver Cromwell, Speech at Putney, 28 October 1647
© OCR 2025
Y108/ Jun For queries or further information please contact The OCR Copyright Team, The Triangle Building, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge CB2 8EA. OCR is part of Cambridge University Press & Assessment, which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations
GCE
History A
Y108/01: The Early Stuarts and the origins of the Civil
War 1603-
A Level
Mark Scheme for June 2025
Y108/
June
Mark
Scheme
MARKING INSTRUCTIONS
PREPARATION FOR MARKING
RM ASSESSOR
- Make sure that you have accessed and completed the relevant training packages for on-screen marking: RM Assessor Online Training: OCR Essential Guide to Marking.
- Make sure that you have read and understood the mark scheme and the question paper for this unit. These are available in RM Assessor
- Log-in to RM Assessor and mark the required number of practice responses (“scripts”) and the required number of standardisation responses. MARKING
- Mark strictly to the mark scheme.
- Marks awarded must relate directly to the marking criteria.
- The schedule of dates is very important. It is essential that you meet the RM Assessor 50% and 100% (traditional 40% Batch 1 and 100% Batch 2) deadlines. If you experience problems, you must contact your Team Leader (Supervisor) without delay.
- If you are in any doubt about applying the mark scheme, consult your Team Leader by telephone, email or via the RM Assessor messaging system.
- Crossed-Out Responses Where a candidate has crossed out a response and provided a clear alternative then the crossed-out response is not marked. Where no alternative response has been provided, examiners may give candidates the benefit of the doubt and mark the crossed- out response where legible. Rubric Error Responses – Optional Questions Where candidates have a choice of question across a whole paper or a whole section and have provided more answers than
Y108/
June
Mark
Scheme
required, then all responses are marked and the highest mark allowable within the rubric is given. Enter a mark for each question answered into RM Assessor, which will select the highest mark from those awarded. (The underlying assumption is that the candidate has penalised themselves by attempting more questions than necessary in the time allowed.)
Y108/
June
Mark
Scheme
mark any responses using the annotations in section 11.
Y108/
June
Mark
Scheme
- There is a NR ( No Response ) option. Award NR (No Response):
- if there is nothing written at all in the answer space
- OR if there is a comment which does not in any way relate to the question (e.g., ‘can’t do’, ‘don’t know’)
- OR if there is a mark (e.g., a dash, a question mark) which is not an attempt at the question. Note: Award 0 marks – for an attempt that earns no credit (including copying out the question).
- The RM Assessor comments box is used by your Team Leader to explain the marking of the practice responses. Please refer to these comments when checking your practice responses. Do not use the comments box for any other reason.
9. Assistant Examiners will send a brief report on the performance of candidates to their Team Leader (Supervisor) via email by the
end of the marking period. The report should contain notes on particular strengths displayed as well as common errors or
weaknesses. Constructive criticism of the question paper/mark scheme is also appreciated.
10. For answers marked by levels of response: Not applicable in F
To determine the level – start at the highest level and work down until you reach the level that matches the answer To determine the mark within the level , consider the following
Descriptor Award mark
On the borderline of this level and the one below At bottom of level Just enough achievement on balance for this level Above bottom and either below middle or at middle of level (depending on number of marks available) Meets the criteria but with some slight inconsistency Above middle and either below top of level or at middle of level (depending on number of marks available) Consistently meets the criteria for this level At top of level
Y108/
June
Mark
Scheme
Question Answer Mark Guidance
1 ‘Divisions amongst Charles I’s opponents were the main reason why negotiations failed during 1646 and 1647.’ Use the four sources in their historical context, to assess how far they support this view In discussing how Source A does not support the view, it suggests that Charles was unwilling to accept the proposals offered and was looking to restore his own power. In discussing the provenance of Source A , answers might consider that these are private letters to his wife. In discussing the historical context of Source A , answers might consider that, whilst Charles was in Scottish hands, he might join with them and restart the war, particularly if the king would support Presbyterianism. In discussing how Source B does support the view , it suggests that some in the Army were religious Independents and wanted liberty of conscience. In discussing the provenance of Source B, answers might consider that it was written by a Presbyterian opposed to the religious Independents. In discussing the historical context of Source B, answers might consider there were 30 The indicative content lists features of the period studied that relate to the question set. Neither significance nor relative importance are attributed to the features listed. The indicative content is intended to reflect the knowledge and understanding a candidate is likely to analyse and evaluate in order to arrive at a judgement in line with the question set. No set answer is expected. At Level 5 there will be judgement about the issue in the question. To be valid judgements they must be supported by accurate and relevant material. At Level 4 and below, answers may be simply a list of which sources support or challenge the view in the question. Knowledge must not be credited in isolation. It should only be credited where it is used to analyse and evaluate the sources, in line with the descriptions in the levels mark scheme.
Y108/
June
Mark
Scheme
other divisions within the army as Fairfax was not
Y108/
June
Mark
Scheme
country.
Y108/
June
Mark
Scheme
Question Answer Mark Guidance
2* ‘ The most important aim of James I’s foreign policy
was peace.’ How far do you agree? In arguing that peace was the most important aim of James I foreign policy: Answers might consider the Treaty of London with Spain in 1604 which ended the Spanish war. Answers might consider his claim to be ‘rex pacificus’. Answers might consider James’ reluctance to be involved in the Thirty Years’ War. Answers might consider James’ dislike of religious war. Answers might consider James’ mediation between Sweden and Denmark and over the Julich Cleves dispute. Answers might consider his attitude towards the outbreak of the Thirty Years’ War and alliance with Spain. In arguing that other factors were more important: Answers might consider marriage negotiations for his daughter and son to European powers. Answers might consider his desire for a religious balance between Catholics and Protestants.
20 The indicative content lists features of the
period studied that relate to the question set. Both features that support the hypothesis and features that challenge the hypothesis are detailed. Neither significance nor relative importance are attributed to the features listed. The indicative content is intended to reflect the knowledge and understanding a candidate is likely to analyse and evaluate in order to arrive at a judgement in line with the question set. No set answer is expected. At higher levels, candidates will focus on weighing up his aims; but at Level 4, may simply list his aims. At Level 5 and above there will be judgement as to the importance of his aims. At higher levels candidates might establish criteria against which to judge most important. To be valid judgements, claims must be supported by relevant and accurate material. If not, they are assertions. Knowledge must not be credited in isolation. It should only be credited where it is used as the basis for analysis and evaluation, in line with the descriptions in the levels mark scheme.