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OCR GCSE
PSYCHOLOGY
2O25 OCR GCSE Psychology J203/
Studies and applications in psychology 2
Question paper with Marking scheme
attached
INSTRUCTIONS
- Use black ink. You can use an HB pencil,
but only for graphs and diagrams.
- Write your answer to each question in
the space provided. If you need extra space use
the lined pages at the end of this booklet. The
question numbers must be clearly shown.
- Answer all the questions.
INFORMATION
- The total mark for this paper is 90.
- The marks for each question are shown
in brackets [ ].
- Quality of extended response will be
assessed in questions marked with an asterisk
- This document has 20 pages.
ADVICE
- Read each question carefully before you
start your answer
Oxford Cambridge and RSA Thursday 15 May 2025 – Afternoon GCSE (9–1) Psychology
J203/02 Studies and applications in psychology 2
Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes You must have:
- a scientific or graphical calculator Please write clearly in black ink. Do not write in the barcodes. Centre number First name(s) Last name Candidate number INSTRUCTIONS
- Use black ink. You can use an HB pencil, but only for graphs and diagrams.
- Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If you need extra space use the lined pages at the end of this booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown.
- Answer all the questions. INFORMATION
- The total mark for this paper is 90.
- The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
- Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk ( ***** ).
- This document has 20 pages. ADVICE
- Read each question carefully before you start your answer. © OCR 2025 603/1109/5 OCR is an exempt Charity DC (WW) 345194/6 Turn over
2 Complete the table to show whether the situational factor increases, decreases or has no effect on the social behaviour. Write increases or decreases or has no effect in the table. Situational Factor Social Behaviour Effect Larger size of majority Conformity ............................................................ Presence of authority figures Obedience ............................................................ [2] 3 Using an example, outline what deindividuation means. .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [2] 4 Taylor and Alex want to raise awareness of the stigma and discrimination surrounding mental health. They want to do this at the local community centre. Explain two ways in which minority influence could be used to help reduce mental health stigma and discrimination. You must refer to the source in your answer. 1 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... [4] © OCR 2025 Turn over
5 Bickman’s (1974) study investigated obedience and the social power of a uniform. (a) Identify one feature of the sample in this study. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Explain one weakness of opportunity sampling as used in Bickman’s (1974) study. .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [2] 6 While watching a recording of a riot following an international sports competition, Ali observed the following types of people: Type X : aggressively damages public properties. Type Y : observes what is happening without participating. Type Z : steals food items from shops. Using the source: (a) Identify the category of people found in the NatCen (2011) study into the August riots to which Type X people would belong. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Identify the category of people found in the NatCen (2011) study into the August riots to which Type Z people would belong. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] (c) Explain one criticism of using dispositional factors to explain people’s participation in riots following an international sports competition. .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [3] © OCR 2025
Section B Sleep and Dreaming 7 (a) Identify which of the following describes sleep onset insomnia. A Struggle to fall asleep B Struggle to stay asleep C Struggle to stay awake D Struggle to wake up from sleep Your answer [1] (b) Identify which of the following describes sleep maintenance insomnia. A Struggle to fall asleep B Struggle to stay asleep C Struggle to stay awake D Struggle to wake up from sleep Your answer [1] (c) Identify the approximate percentage of a sleep cycle that adults spend in REM sleep. A 20% B 40% C 60% D 80% Your answer [1] © OCR 2025
8 Complete the following passage about the Activation Synthesis Theory of Dreaming. You must choose a different term for each gap from the list below. bizarre cerebral cortex hypothalamus midbrain ordinary pons During REM sleep, intense brain activity driven by signals from the .................................................................. stimulates the limbic system. This random brain activity prompts dream synthesis in the .................................................................. , often resulting in .................................................................. dreams. [3] 9 Explain the difference between endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers. .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [2] © OCR 2025 Turn over
12 Explain two criticisms of the sample used in Freud’s (1918) Wolfman study. 1 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... [4] 13 Sam has insomnia. The doctor recently prescribed sleeping tablets to Sam to help regulate their sleep hormones. (a) State the hormone Sam’s doctor is trying to regulate using sleeping tablets. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) Suggest two things Sam can change about the physical environment to cope with their insomnia. 1 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... [2] © OCR 2025 Turn over
14 A researcher found that, in one night, 36 participants had bizarre dreams while 8 participants had non- bizarre dreams. Calculate the ratio of participants who had bizarre dreams to participants who had non-bizarre dreams. Express your answer in its lowest possible form. Show your working. .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [2] © OCR 2025
16 Draw one line from each type of amnesia to its relevant area of neurological damage. Type of Amnesia Area of Neurological Damage Anterograde amnesia Retrograde amnesia Cerebellum damage Frontal lobe damage Hippocampus damage [2] 17 A psychologist is hired by a local restaurant to advertise their new chocolate drink. Describe two techniques, other than autobiographical advertising, the psychologist can suggest to make people remember the chocolate drink advertisement. 1 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... [4] 18 State two memory functions measured by the Wechsler Memory Scale. 1 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 ....................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... [2] © OCR 2025
19* Use your knowledge and understanding from across the psychology course to explain how far you agree with the following statement: ‘Psychological theories provide a holistic understanding of human cognitions and behaviours.’ This relates to the reductionism/holism debate. In your answer, refer to the Theory of Reconstructive Memory and at least one other theory from a different area of psychology you have studied. [13] .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... © OCR 2025 Turn over
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Section D Research Methods A psychologist investigated if the type of reward received affects learning motivation. The psychologist went to a local school and invited 20 students to a science laboratory to take part in the study. The students were asked to solve maths problems. 10 of the students received stickers while the other 10 students received verbal praise each time they solved a maths problem successfully. The psychologist recorded the number of maths problems solved as a measure of learning motivation. 20 (a) State the independent variable in this study. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] (b) State the dependent variable in this study. ..................................................................................................................................................... [1] 21 Explain one weakness of a laboratory experiment as used in this study. .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [2] 22 The psychologist used an independent measures design in this experiment. Explain one strength of this experimental design as used in this study. .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [2] 23 Identify the type of data the psychologist collected in this study. Tick one box to show your answer. Primary data Secondary data [1] © OCR 2025
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(a) Explain how the psychologist could have used the random sampling method to obtain participants in this study. .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [2] (b) Explain one strength of using the random sampling method to obtain participants in this study. .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... [2] END OF QUESTION PAPER © OCR 2025
