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An introduction to the field of abnormal psychology, exploring the definition and characteristics of mental disorders. It delves into various approaches to defining abnormality, including subjective discomfort, statistical norms, and the harmful dysfunction model. The document also examines key concepts such as psychosis, manic episodes, and syndromes, highlighting the importance of considering multiple symptoms and the duration of behavior in diagnosis. It emphasizes the distinction between mental illness and legal concepts like insanity, and addresses common misconceptions about mental disorders.
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Psychopathology literally means pathology of the mind.
ing sometimes weeks or months.
False. Duration is greatly impor- tant when determining a diagnosis. Mental illness is determined in terms
trying to harm them, a court of law might con- sider whether they should be held to be not guilty by reason of insanity.
Another old-fashioned term that you may have heard is nervous break- down. If we said that someone had "suttered a nervous breakdown," we would be indicating, in very general terms, that he had developed some sort of incapacitating, but oth- erwise unspecified type of mental disorder. This ex- pression does not con- vey any specific informa- tion about the nature of the person's problems.
sonal distress.
primarily experienced by Joyce, and she had at- tempted for many weeks to deny the nature of the problem. It would be useless to adopt a def- inition that considered Kevin's behavior to be ab-
identity disor- der, the presence of two or more distinct personal- ity states in the same per- son coupled with recurrent episodes of amnesia, oc-
Describe Jerome Wakefield's approach to diagnosing a According to Wakefield, a mental disorder? condition^ should^ be con- sidered a mental disorder when it meets these two criteria:
pational roles.
responsible for perception, thinking, and communication. Dis- ruption of these systems was presumably responsi- ble for his delusional be- liefs and his disorganized speech. The natural func- tion of cognitive and per-
ceptual processes is to al- low the person to perceive the world in ways that are shared with other peo- ple and to engage in ra- tional thought and prob- lem-solving. The natural function of language abili- ties is to allow the person to communicate clearly with other people. There- fore, Kevin's abnormal be- havior can be viewed as a pervasive dysfunction cut- ting across several mental mechanisms.