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ABSITE Truelearn / ABSITE TrueLearn Questions
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Very high vitamin D levels can cause what? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER---- increased mortality and ACS Monosaccharide glucose and galactose are transported by what mechanism? - --
Most common etiology for ESRD requiring transplant? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER--
SVC syndrome initial treatment - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----balloon angioplasty Increased risk for hemangiosarcoma - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----vinyl chloride, thorotrast, arsenic approach to distal trachea injury - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----R posterolateral thoracotomy TTP - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----thrombocytopenic purpura, neurologic manifestations, hematuria, hemolytic anemia, fever Risk factors for sigmoid volvulus - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----psychiatric diseases, elderly population and low fiber diets elevated PTH, elevated Ca, neck mass - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----parathyroid carcinoma Pharmacodynamics - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs Pharmacokinetics - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----how the organism affects the drug
can intestinalis pneumotosis be caused by pulmonary disease? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----yes, rule out intestinal catastrophe first Blind loop syndrome - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----caused by bacterial overgrowth, leads to fat malabsorption, steatorrhea and vit deficiency, can occur with crohns When to use fistulotomy - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----If < 20% sphincter involved cutting seton vs draining seton - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----use cutting if > 20 % of sphincter is involved ,use draining if purulent second degree frostbite - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----milky white blisters, aspirate to prevent prostaglandin formation hemorrhagic frostbite blisters - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----do not aspirate hydatid cysts most frequent organism - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst definitive host - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----dogs
Expected excess weight loss after 2 years post lap gastric band? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER---- 50 - 60% During APR, do dissect the levator ani muscles, what is the guide through the perineum? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----coccyx to avoid neurovascular bundles Most common side effect of mycophenalate? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER---- leukopenia (1/3 of patients) Margin of resection for gastric adenocarcinomas - ---✔✔✔ANSWER---- 5 cm What anesthesia produces muscle fasciulations? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER---- depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents, succinylcholine Parathyroid location - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----posterolateral to the thyroid and above or below the junction of the inferior thyroid artery with the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Most common complication in PACU that leads to admission for outpatient procedures - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----nausea and vomiting
Visceral artery aneurysm most common location - ---✔✔✔ANSWER---- Splenic artery How to close full thickness graft site - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----primarily Side effects of Trastuzumab - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----increased risk of cardiac events, reversible Side effects of tamoxifen - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----hot flashes, DVTs, stroke and endometrial cancer Maneuver to access supraceliac aorta - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Maddox (left medial visceral rotation) Maneuver for access to retrohepatic IVC - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----Cattell- Braasch (right medial visceral rotation) During Nissen, how do you avoid spleen injury - ---✔✔✔ANSWER---- ligating short gastrics 5 elements to prevent recurrence and chronic pain in inguinal hernia repair - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----1. large sheet of mesh
Bismuth 3b cholangiocarcinoma - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----involves confluence of R and L hepatic duct and extends up the L Bismuth Class 4 cholangiocarcinoma - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----involves confluence of R and L hepatic duct and extends up both R and L How to surgically treat perforations of upper two thirds of esophagus? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----R thoracotomy How to surgically treat perforations of lower third of esophagus? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----L thoracotomy with myotomy Best situations for rigid procto over flex sig - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----rectal foreign objects, anastomotic evaluation and biopsy, measuring low rectal tumor Borders of the inguinal canal - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----inferior: inguinal ligament posterior: conjoint tendon anterior: external oblique superior: external oblique aponeurosis and internal oblique and transversalis muscle aponeuroses
Lichtenstein repair - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----inferior edge of mesh: shelving edge of external oblique superior medial edge: conjoint tendon superior lateral: internal oblique and transversalis fascia how to treat acute traumatic carotid thrombosis? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER---- emergent surgical repair methemoglobinemia is best treated how? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER---- methylene blue What anesthetic agents are known to cause methemoglobinemia - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----lidocaine, benzocaine, tetracaine, cetacaine Innervation of cricothyroid muscle causing pitch control - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----external branch of superior laryngeal nerve velocity of carotid artery that is >70% stenosis - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----> 250 cm/s When should ERCP be used in patients with pancreatic cancer? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----1. new jaundice and presumed pancreatic cancer but no mass on CT
Beger Procedure - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----resection of the pancreatic head with Roux en Y jejunal loop as side to end and side to side pancreatico- jejunostomy Frey procedure - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----coring out of pancreatic head and roux en y pancreatico jejunostomy What nutritional deficiency is seen with jejunoileal bypasses? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----Fat soluble vitamins How much circumference of the CBD can be injured to do a primary repair? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----less than 50% Where are insulinomas located in the pancreas? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER---- evenly distributed where are glucagonomas and VIPomas usually located in the pancreas? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----body and tail Where are somatostatinomas usually located in the pancreas? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----proximal pancreas
Mondor's disease (thrombophlebitis in the breast) warrents a mammogram at what age? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----35 and older Diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma radiographic appearance - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----scalloping of liver and spleen diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma treatment - ---✔✔✔ANSWER--
Malignant potential of a hepatic adenoma - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----5% Accepted ACCT level during CABG - ---✔✔✔ANSWER---- 400 - 500 Can SSRIs decrease the efficacy of Tamoxifen? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----yes What is a type I error? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----detecting an effect that is not present What is a type II error? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----failing to detect an effect that is present How quickly do different parts of the intestine regain function after surgery? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----small intestine 1 day stomach 3-4 days large intestine 3-4 days Side effect of mafenide acetate? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----carbonic anhydrase inhibition causing secondary metabolic acidosis Side effect of Silver Nitrate - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----hyponatremia and methemoglobinemia
Side effect of silver sulfadiazine - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----transient neutropenia What is the Cori cycle? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----lactate created from glycolysis in skeletal muscle is transformed to glucose in the Cori cycle What percentage of cytoreductive surgery is successful in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----87% What is severe hypothermia? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----temp of 70-85F, EKG changes such as prolonged QRS, Osborne waves, patient may become flaccid and comatose. can develop v fib Where should an ostomy be located? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----through the rectus muscle on the summit of hte intraumbilical fan fold When does wounded skin reach it's maximum tensile strength (80%)? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----12 weeks (84 days) What compartment is the deep peroneal nerve found in? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----anterior
Systemic medical therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----Sorafenib Contraindication to thryoidectomy in Grave's disease? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER--
Epidural clinical course - ---✔✔✔ANSWER----loss of consciousness, lucid interval Most common cause of death in FAP patients s/p colectomy - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----periampullar adenocarcinoma What are the borders of a superficial inguinal lymphadenopathy? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----lateral: sartorius medial: abductor magnus superior: inguinal ligament Most powerful predictor of outcome in congenital diaphragmatic hernia? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----presence of cardiac defect Why is the majority of breast cancer in the upper outer quadrant? - --- ✔✔✔ANSWER----That is where the most epithelial tissue is Most common site of testicular metastasis? - ---✔✔✔ANSWER---- retroperitoneum
