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Acid Base Theory Worksheet with Answer Key, Exercises of Chemical Principles

Sioux Falls SeminaryChemical Principles

Professor Laude Principles of Chemistry I worksheet

Typology: Exercises

2020/2021
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Week 8 Worksheet: Chapter 10 Acids and Bases
I. Identifying acid/base theories. For each molecule or ion in the table, identify whether it can act as
an acid or a base and put a checkmark under each theory or theories that describe it.
Molecule/Ion
Acid or Base
Arrhenius
Bronsted-Lowry
Lewis
Br-
base
x
CN-
base
x
H2CO3
acid
x
x
NH3
base
x
HNO2
acid
x
x
Ba(OH)2
base
x
HCl
acid
x
x
AlCl3
acid
x
Cl-
base
x
KOH
base
x
IO3-
base
x
CH3COOH
acid
x
HNO2
acid
x
II. Conjugate Acids and Bases. In each reaction, identify the acid, base, conjugate acid, and
conjugate base. Then, write which acid/base theory or theories describe the reaction.
(a) NH3 + H2O _ NH4+ + OH-
base acid conj. Acid conj.base
Theory: Bronsted
(b) NH4+ + H2O _ NH3 + H3O+
acid base conj.base conj acid
Theory: Bronsted
(c) 2NaOH + H2SO4 _ 2H2O + Na2SO4
base acid conj. Acid, base
Theory: Bronsted, Arrhenius
(d) HSO3- + CN- _ HCN + SO32-
acid base conj. Acid conj. base
Theory: Bronsted
(e) NH2- + H2O _ NH3 + OH-
base acid conj. Acid conj. base
Theory: Bronsted
(f) Draw Lewis structures depicting the reaction
AlCl3 + Cl- _ AlCl4-
and identify the acid/base theory that best describes the reaction.
Lewis acid/base theory
. . .. -
pf2
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Download Acid Base Theory Worksheet with Answer Key and more Exercises Chemical Principles in PDF only on Docsity!

Week 8 Worksheet: Chapter 10 Acids and Bases I. Identifying acid/base theories. For each molecule or ion in the table, identify whether it can act as an acid or a base and put a checkmark under each theory or theories that describe it. Molecule/Ion Acid or Base Arrhenius Bronsted-Lowry Lewis Br

  • base x CN-^ base x H 2 CO 3 acid x x NH 3 base x HNO 2 acid x x Ba(OH) 2 base x HCl acid x x AlCl 3 acid x Cl-^ base x KOH base x IO 3

base x CH 3 COOH acid x HNO 2 acid x II. Conjugate Acids and Bases. In each reaction, identify the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base. Then, write which acid/base theory or theories describe the reaction. (a) NH 3 + H 2 O _ NH 4

  • OH

base acid conj. Acid conj.base Theory: Bronsted (b) NH 4

  • H 2 O _ NH 3 + H 3 O

acid base conj.base conj acid Theory: Bronsted (c) 2NaOH + H 2 SO 4 _ 2H 2 O + Na 2 SO 4 base acid conj. Acid, base Theory: Bronsted, Arrhenius (d) HSO 3

  • CN

_ HCN + SO 3 2- acid base conj. Acid conj. base Theory: Bronsted (e) NH 2

  • H 2 O _ NH 3 + OH

base acid conj. Acid conj. base Theory: Bronsted (f) Draw Lewis structures depicting the reaction AlCl 3 + Cl

_ AlCl 4

and identify the acid/base theory that best describes the reaction. Lewis acid/base theory .. .. -

: Cl : :Cl: .. .. .. - .. .. .. Al : Cl : + : Cl : _ :Cl:Al:Cl: .. .. .. .. .. .. : Cl : :Cl: .. .. (g) Draw Lewis structures depicting the reaction BBr 3 + NH 3 _ Br 3 B-NH 3 and identify the acid/base theory that best describes the reaction. Lewis acid/base theory

.. .. : Br : H :Br: H .. .. .. .. .. B : Br : + : N : H _ :Br: B : N: H .. .. .. .. .. : Br : H :Br: H .. .. III. Acid/Base Strength (a) What property do all strong acids and strong bases have in common? Write a reaction for HCl and water to illustrate your explanation. They dissociate completely in water HCl_ H+^ + Cl- (b) Circle the stronger acid in each pair: NH 4

NH 3 H 2 O H 3 O+ HXO HXO 3 (X is an unknown element) (c) Circle the weaker base in each pair: NH 4 +^ NH 3 Cl-^ F- NaOH NH 4 OH NaOH NaHCO 3 IV. Ternary Acids/Bases Explain the order of increasing or decreasing acid strength and conjugate base strength for the following groups: (a) H 2 SO 3 , H 2 SO 4 The more oxygens there are in an oxyacid, the more e

density is pulled from (b) HNO 2 , HNO 3 the protons, making them more likely to leave the molecule.