Partial preview of the text
Download . Actual 2025 AQA A-level PHYSICS 7408/2 Paper 2 Merged Question Paper + Mark Scheme + In and more Exams Physics in PDF only on Docsity!
Please write clearly in block capitals. Centre number Candidate number Surname Forename(s) Candidate signature | declare this is my own work. A-level PHYSICS Paper 2 Monday 9 June 2025 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours Materials For this paper you must have: For Examiner's Use © apencil and a ruler Question Mark * ascientific calculator 1 ¢ a Data and Formulae Booklet * a protractor. 7 Instructions ° e Use black ink or black ball-point pen. 4 Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. 5 « Answer all questions. 6 « You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write 734 outside the box around each page or on blank pages. If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of TOTAL this book. Write the question number against your answer(s). ¢ Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. e Show all your working. Information ¢ The marks for questions are shown in brackets. ¢ The maximum mark for this paper is 85. « You are expected to use a scientific calculator where appropriate. e A Data and Formulae Booklet is provided as a loose insert. J 25740 8 01 2 IB/M/Jun25/G4006/E12 "7408/2 Do not write . outside the Section A box Answer all questions in this section. Information about the radius of a nucleus can be deduced from the closest approach of alpha particles and from electron diffraction. fo 4].[1| Alpha particles, each with a kinetic energy of 5.59 MeV, are fired at a thin foil made of gold (135 au) atoms. Some of the alpha particles are scattered through an angle of 180°. Estimate the radius of a 190 Au nucleus from this information. [3 marks] radius of nucleus = m [o|1].[2] Explain why your answer to Question 01.1 is an estimate. [2 marks] ll ll l ll tyrionpapers.com 02 IB/M/Jun25/7408/2 Do not write outside the [o[1].[4] Results from electron-diffraction experiments lead to the equation: DOK. a. R=R,4 Show that the equation provides evidence for the constant density of nuclear material. [2 marks] 9 IMAI — 04 IB/M/Jun25/74 08/2 The derivation of the equation pV = 5Nm (Cms)° is based on several assumptions. [o[2].[1] One of these assumptions is that particle motion is random. State what is meant by random particle motion. [2 marks] [0] 2].[2| State two other assumptions required for this derivation. [2 marks] 1 2 Question 2 continues on the next page Turn over > ll ll | ll tyrionpapers.com 05 IB/M/Jun25/7408/2 Do not write outside the box (o[2|.[4] (o[2].[5] Do not write outside the box The average kinetic energy of the particles of an ideal gas is equal to Sér. This is not true for a real gas. Helium behaves as an ideal gas. The temperature of a sample of helium gas is increased from 27 °C to 77 °C. Calculate the change in the average kinetic energy of a helium atom in the sample. [1 mark] change in average kinetic energy = J When an ideal gas is heated at constant volume, all of the energy supplied by heating is used to increase the average kinetic energy of the particles. When water vapour is heated at constant volume, its specific heat capacity is 1400 kg? K1. Deduce whether water vapour behaves as an ideal gas when heated at constant volume. mass of a water molecule = 3.0 x 10°°° kg [3 marks] Turn over > ll | ll ll tyrionpapers.com 07 IB/M/Jun25/7408/2 Do not write outside the A radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) uses radioactive decay to generate box. electrical energy. A vehicle that is used to examine the surface of Mars includes an RTG that initially contains 3.23 x 10*4 atoms of plutonium-238 (3§ru). [0[3].[1] Determine the initial mass of plutonium-238 in the RTG. [2 marks] initial mass = kg IMA — 08 IB/M/Jun25/74 08/2 10 Do not write outside the [0[3].[3| The vehicle has a battery-powered laser that is used to vaporise small samples of ice. box On Mars, ice changes directly from solid to vapour at a temperature of 0 °C. The ice does not form a liquid. The energy required to vaporise 1.0 g of solid ice directly into water vapour is the same as the total energy required to melt 1.0 g of ice and then to vaporise the melted ice. The laser produces an output power of 1.0 kW for a maximum time of 3.0 s before its battery needs to be recharged. The laser heats the ice from an initial temperature of —25 °C to a temperature of 0.0 °C. The laser then transfers energy to vaporise the ice at 0.0 °C. Determine whether the laser is able to vaporise 1.0 g of the ice that is initially at —25 °C before the battery needs to be recharged. specific heat capacity of ice =2.1kIkg?K? specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 334 kJ kg? specific latent heat of vaporisation = 2500 kJ kg? [4 marks] ill | l ll tyrionpapers.com 10 IB/M/Jun25/7408/2 11 11 Do not write outside the [0[4].[1| Mimas and Enceladus are moons of Saturn. box Mimas orbits at a height of 1.28 x 108 m above the surface of Saturn. The orbital period of Mimas is 0.94 Earth days. Enceladus orbits at a height of 1.80 x 10° m above the surface of Satum. Calculate, in Earth days, the orbital period of Enceladus. radius of Saturn = 5.8 x 10’ m [3 marks] orbital period = Earth days Question 4 continues on the next page Turn over > ill ll l| ll tyrionpapers.com 11 IB/M/Jun25/7408/2 13 13 Do not write outside the [0[4].[2] A student suggests that, over the range of distances shown in Figure 2, the box gravitational field strength due to the mass of Saturn alone is approximately constant. Explain why the suggestion is correct. [1 mark] [0[4].[3| Ata point P, the resultant gravitational field strength due to Saturn and Titan is zero. Determine, using the solid line in Figure 2, the distance from Saturn to P. [1 mark] distance = m [0[4].[4| The centre of Titan is 12.22 x 10° m from the centre of Saturn. Show that the gravitational potential due to the mass of Titan at a distance of 12.08 x 10° m from Saturn is about -7 x 10° J kg. Go on to determine the mass of Titan. [3 marks] mass = kg 8 Turn over > ill ll | ll tyrionpapers.com 13 IB/M/Jun25/7408/2 14 14 [0[5].[1| A material used between the plates of a capacitor has a dielectric constant of 7.0 State what is meant by a dielectric constant of 7.0 [1 mark] Figure 3 shows a circuit that is used to charge and discharge a capacitor. Figure 3 A B The battery has negligible internal resistance. The two resistors in the circuit are identical. The capacitor is fully charged and the switch is then moved from position A to position B at time t= 0 Figure 4 shows the variation of the microammeter reading with ¢ until t= 120s. ill | ll ll tyrionpapers.com 14 IB/M/Jun25/7408/2 Do not write outside the box 16 16 [0] 5].[4] The capacitor is fully discharged and then the switch is moved from position B to position A as shown in Figure 3. Draw, on Figure 5, the variation of the microammeter reading with time after the switch is moved to position A. In Figure 5, the time is 0 at the instant when the switch is moved to position A. [3 marks] Figure 5 50 40 30 2044 10, microammeter 0 reading / pA 0 —10 Do not write outside the box | ll ll | ll tyrionpapers.com 16 IB/M/Jun25/74 08/2 17 17 Do not write outside the lons orbit Jupiter in a ring called a plasma torus as shown in Figure 6. Bo This question is about applying gravitational, magnetic and electric fields to a particle in the plasma. Figure 6 plasma torus. Jupiter iar 4.22\x 108 m = An ion travels in a circular path at a speed of 74.2 km s“! and at a distance of 4.22 x 10° m from the centre of Jupiter. [o[6].[1| Student A suggests that the gravitational force acting on the ion due to Jupiter provides the centripetal acceleration of the ion. Deduce whether this suggestion is correct. mass of Jupiter = 1.90 x 10?” kg [3 marks] Question 6 continues on the next page Turn over > IMI — 17 IB/M/Jun25/7408/2 19 Do not write outside the The ion has a charge of +3.20 x 107! C and a mass of 5.31 x 10°°°kg. box [o[6].[3| The ion moves with a speed of 74.2 km s” in a circle of radius 4.22 x 108 m. Calculate the magnitude of the magnetic flux density required for this motion. State, in fundamental (base) units, the unit for your answer. Ignore any contribution from the gravitational field. [3 marks] magnetic flux density = unit = [o[6].[4| An electric field of strength 371 V m"! can also accelerate the ion. Calculate the acceleration of the ion due to this electric field. [3 marks] acceleration = ms? Question 6 continues on the next page Turn over > | ll tyrionpapers.com 9 IB/M/Jun25/7408/2 1 20 20 [o[6].[5| The plasma torus contains two ions X and Y as shown in Figure 8. X has a charge of +2e. Y has a charge of +e. Assume that each ion acts as a point charge. Figure 8 2.0 cm f | i I 1 \ 9 Gi rca wanna tag 2.0cm ' Ye------- Calculate the magnitude of the resultant electric field strength at point P in Figure 8 due to the two ions. [3 marks] resultant electric field strength = Vm! Do not write outside the box END OF SECTION A INT — 20 IB/M/Jun25/74 08/2 
