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Actual 2025 OCR GCSE Citizenship Studies J270/01 Citizenship in perspective Includes Official Question Paper & Marking Scheme INSTRUCTIONS • Use black ink. • Write your answer to each question in the space provided. • Answer all the questions. INFORMATION • The total mark for this paper is 50. • The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ]. • This document has 24 pages. ADVICE • Read each question carefully before you start your answer. 2 Section A You should spend about 15 minutes on this section. 1 Why is the Magna Carta important? A it established a national police force B
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Section A You should spend about 15 minutes on this section. 1 Why is the Magna Carta important? A it established a national police force B it established a sovereign parliament C it established the right to a fair trial D it set out citizens’ voting rights for the first time Your answer [1] 2 Study Source 2 and answer the question that follows. Source 2 The Equality Act 2010 It is against the law to discriminate against anyone because of marital status or disability. These are just two of the protected characteristics covered by equality laws in the United Kingdom (UK) Which other characteristics are protected under UK equality laws? P ethnicity Q sex R social class A P and Q B P, Q and R. C P and R D R only Your answer [1]
5 Which row in the table best describes the role of the judge? Justice Law A judges decide guilt or innocence judges decide new laws B judges decide guilt or innocence judges establish precedents C judges decide sentences judges decide new laws D judges decide sentences judges establish precedents Your answer [1] 6 Study the two statements. Choose option A, B, C or D to describe their accuracy. First statement: People accused of a crime must prove their innocence. Second statement: People found guilty by a Crown Court cannot appeal. A both statements are false B both statements are true C the first statement is false, but the second statement is true D the first statement is true, but the second statement is false Your answer [1] 7 Choose two differences between a youth court and an adult court. A adult courts are prevented from dealing with the trial of young people aged under 18 B either three magistrates or a district judge decide the verdict and sentence in a youth court C in a youth court, defendants are called by their first name D in a youth court, solicitors from both sides agree on the verdict and sentence E witnesses do not attend a youth court F youth courts can impose only community sentences Your answer [2]
8 Choose four ways that civil law is different from criminal law. A both sides in a civil case must arrange their own legal support B civil courts usually impose prison sentences C civil law is used to settle disputes between people, organisations and businesses D civil laws are proposed by judges not by governments E claimants are always supported financially by the government when taking a case to a civil court F county Courts are used to decide civil cases but not criminal cases G decisions in civil cases are made only by judges H juries in a civil case are told about the defendant’s previous offences before deciding their verdict I parliament has the right to decide important civil cases J people who lose a civil case usually compensate the other side in the dispute K sentences in civil cases are usually more severe than in criminal cases L the police assist both sides in a civil case Your answer [4]
10 Study the image and answer the question that follows. The King and Queen face protesters Which row in the table best describes the likely police action? How will the police respond to this protest? Why will the police respond in this way? A arrest the protesters protests against the King are illegal B make sure the protest is peaceful peaceful protest is a democratic right C arrest the protesters many people will be offended by the protest D make sure the protest is peaceful to show respect to the monarchy Your answer [1] © OCR 2025 Turn over
11 Study Tables 11a and 11b and answer the question that follows. Table 11a Assault offences recorded by the police where a knife or gun was used in selected years from 2011 – 2023. Year Offences using a knife Offences using a gun 2011 14 647 7040 2015 13 915 4911 2019 22 837 6881 2023 21 456 6365 Data extract from Crime in England and Wales, March 2023 Table 11b Offences of violence reported by victims in the Crime Survey of England and Wales in selected years from 2011 – 2023 Year Violent offences experienced by people over 16 years old 2011 2126000 2015 1726000 2019 1344000 2023 998000 Data extract from Crime in England and Wales, March 2023 © OCR 2025
12 Study Source 12 and answer the question that follows. Source 12 Sam applies for a new job Sam is interviewed by an employer for a sales job in a technology company. Sam has had a ten-year break due to ill health but is now keen to return to work. Sam is 55 years old. The other applicants are much younger. Which of the employer’s actions are illegal? P rejecting Sam after a very good interview because of poor references Q asking Sam to take maths and English tests linked to the demands of the job R rejecting Sam because other employees in the business want to work with someone younger A P and Q B P and R C Q and R D R only Your answer [1] © OCR 2025
13 Study Source 13 and answer the question that follows. Source 13 Zayn ordered a digital camera online and paid in advance. Zayn was sent the wrong camera. The camera supplier agreed to send the correct model as long as Zayn returned the incorrect item. Zayn did this and was sent an email saying the camera had been received. Nothing happened. Zayn contacted the company but was told that the original camera was damaged when they unpacked it. They refused to send a replacement camera or refund Zayn‘s money. Trying to settle the dispute through mediation had not worked. What should Zayn do next? A appeal to a magistrates court B let the police know C make a small claim through a civil court D take the case to a tribunal Your answer [1] 14 In which of these examples would a trade union advise and support their members? P a group of workers claim their workplace is unsafe. Their employer disagrees Q a group of workers feel that they deserve higher pay but their employer refuses to pay more
refuses to let them come back A P and Q B P and R C P, Q and R D R only Your answer [1] © OCR 2025 Turn over
17 Which row in the table best describes an election to the UK parliament? Voting system Number of constituencies A first-past-the post 250 B first-past-the post 650 C proportional representation 250 D proportional representation 650 Your answer [1] 18 Which row in the table best describes the rights and responsibilities of the Official Opposition’s leader? Rights Responsibilities A be represented in the Cabinet make sure the prime minister is accountable for their actions B be represented in the Cabinet run the government in the prime minister’s absence C propose changes to the law make sure the prime minister is accountable for their actions D propose changes to the law run the government in the prime minister’s absence Your answer [1] 19 Which of the following must people have if they want to vote in a UK general election? P citizenship of the UK, Ireland or, in certain cases, the Commonwealth Q photo identification (ID) R to be on the Electoral Register A P, Q and R B P and R C Q and R D R only Your answer [1] © OCR 2025 Turn over
20 Study Source 20 and answer the question that follows. Source 20 A general election was held in 2019 and Boris Johnson, leader of the Conservative Party, became prime minister. Johnson resigned in 2023. Liz Truss took over as prime minister following a vote of Conservative Party members and MPs. She resigned after less than two months. Another Conservative MP, Rishi Sunak, then became prime minister. There was no general election. Neither Conservative Party members or MPs elected Rishi Sunak to be prime minister. Later, Rishi Sunak chose a Lord to become a senior minister in his cabinet. Which row in the table explains why some people were unhappy about what happened in Source 20? The role of prime minister Choosing a cabinet A prime ministers are usually elected by the Lords cannot join a government public B prime ministers are usually selected by MPs and members from their own political party if Lords cannot join a government it’s necessary between elections C prime ministers are usually selected by MPs prime ministers usually choose popular and and members from their own political party if skilled MPs to join their cabinet it’s necessary between elections D prime ministers are usually elected by the prime ministers usually choose popular and public skilled MPs to join their cabinet Your answer [1] 21 Reform UK believes that the UK’s first-past-the-post voting system is undemocratic. Choose one reason that supports this viewpoint. A electors in constituencies where the same party usually wins feel that their votes are wasted B the first-past-the-post system results in weak government C the first-past-the-post system is too complicated for most electors to understand D there is only one representative for each constituency in the first-past-the-post system Your answer [1] © OCR 2025
24 Study Table 24 and answer the question that follows. Table 24 Government spending – 2023 Row Government spending Examples of government spending (£ billions) 1 320. 2 230.7 Health 3 106.8 Education 4 55.5 Defence 5 42.4 Public order and safety including police and courts 6 16.2 Housing and community amenities 7 13.8 Leisure, culture and religion 8 13.7 Environmental protection Which category of government spending is missing from Row 1? A asylum and immigration B interest payments on government debt C social protection including welfare and pensions D transport including roads and railways Your answer [1] 25 What part does Black Rod play in the State opening of Parliament? A helps the monarch write their speech B summons MPs to the House of Lords to hear the monarch’s speech C organises security within the Palace of Westminster D supports the prime minister Your answer [1] © OCR 2025
26 What is the purpose of the King’s or Queen’s Speech to Parliament? A future government policy is set out by the monarch B Lords and Commons meet to discuss how best to support the Royal Family C Members of Parliament have the chance to ask the monarch questions D the monarch describes their ideas for new laws Your answer [1] 27 Which responsibility does the UK Government have across the whole of the UK? A defence B taxation C the legal system D transport Your answer [1] 28 How are local authority councillors chosen in England? A by interview with the council’s chief executive officer B by the council’s mayor C by the electorate D by their local MP Your answer [1] © OCR 2025 Turn over
Section C You should spend about 15 minutes on this section. 31 Which countries make up the UK? A England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland B England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic C England, Wales and Northern Ireland D England, Wales, Scotland and the Irish Republic Your answer [1] 32 Study the two statements. Choose option A, B, C or D to describe their accuracy. First statement: Community cohesion means neighbours living together with respect and cooperation. Second statement: Community cohesion is more likely where people experience equal opportunity. A both statements are false B both statements are true C the first statement is false, but the second statement is true D the first statement is true, but the second statement is false Your answer [1] 33 What is the main reason for migrants to come to the UK? A joining other family members B seeking asylum C studying or working D welfare benefits Your answer [1] © OCR 2025 Turn over
34 Which rights do asylum seekers have when arriving in the UK? P somewhere to live Q to have their claim for asylum decided fairly and accurately R employment opportunities A P, Q and R B P and Q C P and R D R only Your answer [1] 35 Study Source 35 and answer the question that follows. Source 35 Why Britain needs more migrants The Economist magazine used the headline above to argue against cutting immigration too far. It explained that the country would be poorer unless migration to the UK was encouraged. Headline from The Economist June 14 2022. Which of the facts would concern The Economist? P many more older people live in rural and coastal areas than urban areas Q the number of people aged 85+ will rise from 1.7 million in 2020 to 3.1 million by 2045 R the number of children a woman will have in her lifetime is 1. A P and R B Q and R C P, Q and R D R only Your answer [1] © OCR 2025
