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Advanced Practice Nursing in the Care of Older
Adults (3rd Edition, Kennedy-Malone) – Verified Test
Bank (Chapters 1–23, Complete PDF With
Questions, Answers & Rationales) 2025/
Graded A+|Confirmed Pass
. Mrs. Smith, 75 years old, reports that she is weak, has difficulty urinating, and is dehydrated. Although she is afebrile, the nurse conducts a thorough physical examination, including urinalysis and complete blood count (CBC). The total assessment is necessary because:
- All body systems interact, and symptoms could indicate a variety of diagnoses.
- The symptoms are vague and may be signs of aging.
- There may be other signs or symptoms more indicative of the condition.
- Mrs. Smith may not be reporting all significant information. - ANSWER - ANSWER : 1 Page: 2 Feedback
The clinician must be aware that all the systems interact and, in doing so, can increase the older person's vulnerability to illness/disease.
The nurse must not attribute symptoms only to the aging process.
There may be comorbidities accompanying this condition.
Assumptions of not reporting properly may not be true. A patient with renal disease has blood work drawn, and the results show an increase in serum creatinine. The nurse practitioner needs to know which of the following laboratory values before
ordering medications?
- CBC
- Culture and sensitivity of the urine
- Creatinine clearance
- Uric acid levels - ANSWER - ANSWER : 3 Page: 3 Feedback
A CBC will not evaluate kidney function for a patient with renal disease.
A culture and sensitivity test reflects the presence of an infection and the antibiotic to which the organism is sensitive.
The calculation of creatinine clearance provides an estimation of renal function.
Uric acid level is elevated in the presence of gout. Which of the following statements is true regarding diagnostic testing?
- A test is ordered for a specific purpose.
- A test is the most invasive available.
- There is no need to discuss results with the patient.
- If a test is needed, it should be ordered regardless of risk to the patient - ANSWER - ANSWER : 1 Page: 3
Symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis may be different depending on the age of the patient.
Younger patients may not experience constitutional symptoms such as fever, malaise, weight loss, and depression.
In late-onset rheumatoid arthritis, the joint involvement is more often in the larger joints. The nurse practitioner is examining an 85-year-old man with reports of abdominal pain, weakness, and loss of appetite. Which is the most likely condition to be tested for and ruled out?
- Neoplasms and carcinomas
- Partial seizure
- Sarcopenia
- Hirschsprung's disease. - ANSWER - ANSWER : 1 Page: 4 Feedback
Certain diseases, such as neoplasms and carcinomas, are more common in the elderly, and an understanding of the epidemiology is critical in the interpretation.
Partial seizure is more common in early old age.
Sarcopenia is more common in early old age.
Hirschsprung's disease is most common in infancy. . For individuals over 65 years old, the most common morbidities are related to:
- Heart disease, arthritis
- Respiratory problems, cancer
- Diabetes, stroke
- All of these are common morbidities - ANSWER - ANSWER : 4 Page: 5 Feedback
Heart disease is one of the common morbidities.
Cancer is common in the general population; however, specific types are more common in the older patient.
Diabetes is common in patients over 40 years of age.
Heart disease, cancer, and diabetes combined are the most common morbidities in older patients. A gerontological patient is being examined for a report of pain in the shoulder. The nurse practitioner completes a thorough systemic examination because:
- Older patients with one morbidity often express difficulties in general.
- Arthritis of the shoulder is accompanied by other neurological symptoms.
- Older patients with arthritis often experience pain in lower extremities.
- The patient may not report significant signs and symptoms - ANSWER - ANSWER : 1 Page: 5
Appendicitis is more common in younger patients than in older patients.
GIBD is manifested differently in a bimodal pattern. A 70-year-old man is seeing a nurse practitioner because he is feeling weak and dizzy. The nurse practitioner is discussing a care plan with him and makes which of the following statements? Select all that apply.
- I want to order a test for your heart to evaluate its function.
- I will perform a thorough examination of your functional abilities.
- I will order a blood sugar test to check for diabetes.
- Many older people feel this way. It is to be expected.
- I will assess you for the presence of other conditions. - ANSWER - ANSWER : 1, 2, 3, 5 Page: 2, 3 Feedback
A complete assessment will help differentiate signs of aging from disease.
All systems interact and can affect an existing condition.
Identifying underlying conditions will avoid undertreatment.
Attributing symptoms to aging can contribute to depression in an older person.
There are changes in the sympathetic response which contribute to the orthostasis and falls, as well as lack of hypoglycemic response.
The nurse practitioner is leading a class of seniors over age 65 years and is teaching about nutritional needs. One of the men asks why, even though he eats correctly according to the standards presented, he still feels weaker than he did 10 years ago. He also wonders why he gets more infections than he used to. Which of the following are helpful ANSWER s? Select all that apply.
- I suggest that you exercise a little more than you are currently doing.
- Some people experience a decrease in reserve energy.
- For some people, the immune system weakens.
- More viruses are being spread throughout the community.
- I suggest that you see your primary caregiver for extensive testing. - ANSWER - ANSWER : 2, 3, 5 Page: 2, 3 Feedback
Improved nutrition may not be the factor affecting health of elders.
Many factors can influence the health of elders, including lifestyle and medications.
Many factors can influence the health of elders, including changes in the immune system.
Viruses and other infections are not the only considerations for infections.
Biochemical individuality is important in detecting asymptomatic abnormalities in older adults. Significant homeostatic disturbances in the same individual may be detected through
Many factors can influence laboratory value interpretation in the elderly, including the physiological changes with aging, the prevalence of chronic disease, changes in nutritional and fluid intake, lifestyle (including activity), and the medications that are taken. An elderly couple is discussing health concerns with the nurse practitioner. The couple is concerned that each of their individual blood studies show different results. One set of test results shows a significant decrease in blood sugar, but the test results of the partner does not show an equal decrease. Their physician does not seem concerned, and the couple is wondering why. How is it best for the nurse practitioner to respond? Select all that apply.
- Studies show that each person's pattern of chemical make-up is different.
- There is no difference between one person's range of blood results and that of any other person.
- Each person's chemical make-up is the same as that of others of the same gender and age group.
- Many factors affect an individual's chemical make-up.
- Ranges of the values provided by the laboratory are correct for any ag - ANSWER - ANSWER : 1, 4 Page: 2, 3 Feedback
Individuals experience smaller variations in laboratory work than from the others in the same age group.
There are wider variations of laboratory results within a group of older people.
Laboratory values are determined by more than age and gender.
Laboratory values may vary as a result of nutrition, activity, and emotional status.
The reference values presented for the older adult cohort are not necessarily correct for the individual due to biochemical individuality.
. Adam, 70 years old, is admitted for possible myasthenia gravis (MG). The nurse practitioner knows that MG is commonly seen in women between 20 and 40 years old. Adam, however, is experiencing an ocular form of MG, has dysphonia, and does not have any thymus abnormalities. Adam asks why the nurse is concerned about MG since he is older and this is a "young person's disease." Which of the following are the best ANSWER s? Select all that apply.
- We need to assess for anything, just in case.
- Some diseases show up in two different age and gender groups.
- Older people often experience weakness, and we must rule out other conditions.
- Your insurance will cover this, and we want to rule out as much as possible.
- Signs and symptoms of illness are the same for each disease regardless of age. - ANSWER - ANSWER : 2, 3 Page: 5 Feedback
Ordering more tests than needed violates the principle of "Do no harm."
MG is bimodal and can be found in younger women, as well as in both men and women.
Knowledge of the bimodality of age onset of certain disease
If a change in treatment is appropriate, the least expensive alternative should be sought.
Significant disturbances in the same individual may be detected through serial laboratory tests.
The clinician must determine whether a value obtained reflects a normal aging change, a disease, or the potential for disease. Mr. Adams is 90 years old. In the last few months he appears unable to comply with the health-care plan developed by the nurse practitioner. The nurse practitioner considers which of the following reasons for noncompliance when updating his home care plan? Select all that apply.
- Polypharmacy
- Treatment burden
- Attending multiple appointments
- Affording complex drug regimens
- Cognitive ability only - ANSWER - ANSWER : 1, 2, 3, 4 Page: 5 Feedback
As a patient ages, this correlates with more medications having been ordered.
Patients with multimorbidity are known to have a treatment burden in terms of understanding and self-care management of their conditions.
Patients with multimorbidity are known to have a treatment burden in terms of understanding and self-care management of their conditions.
This burden entails affording complex drug regimens.
Though cognitive ability may be a factor, there is much more to consider when noncompliance is an issue.
