Aim 19: Cellular Respiration, Lecture notes of Biology

Download Aim 19: Cellular Respiration and more Lecture notes Biology in PDF only on Docsity! Aim 19: Cellular Respiration A) carbon dioxide B) oxygen atoms C) water molecules D) chemical bonds 1. During the process of cellular respiration, energy is released from A) ATP B) DNA C) sunlight D) starch 2. The energy used to obtain, transfer, and transport materials within an organism comes directly from A) a hormone B) starch C) nitrogen D) carbon dioxide 3. A student prepared a test tube containing yeast, glucose, and water. After 24 hours, the test tube was analyzed for the presence of several substances. What substance would the student expect to find if respiration occurred in the test tube? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 4. A biological process that occurs in both plants and animals is shown below. Which row in the chart below identifies the lettered substances in this process? Aim 19: Cellular Respiration A) DNA B) starch C) protein D) ATP 5. The diagram below represents a biochemical process. Which molecule is represented by X? A) shorter than bar X and placed to the left of bar X B) shorter than bar X and placed to the right of bar X C) taller than bar X and placed to the left of bar X D) taller than bar X and placed to the right of bar X 6. A student studied how the amount of oxygen affects ATP production in muscle cells. The data for amount X are shown in the graph below. If the student supplies the muscle cells with less oxygen in a second trial of the investigation, a bar placed on the graph to represent the results of this trial would most likely be A) ATP from a chloroplast carrying out photosynthesis B) oxygen from a mitochondrion carrying out photosynthesis C) glucose from a chloroplast carrying out respiration D) carbon dioxide from a mitochondrion carrying out respiration 7. The diagram below represents a cell organelle involved in the transfer of energy from organic compounds. The arrows in the diagram could represent the release of A) recycling light energy to be used in the process of photosynthesis B) releasing the stored energy of organic compounds by the process of respiration C) breaking down starch by the process of digestion D) copying coded information during the process of protein synthesis 8. The production of energy-rich ATP molecules is the direct result of A) in order to use the smaller molecules to plug the gaps in the cell membrane to slow diffusion B) to use the energy obtained to digest molecules produced by respiration that uses oxygen C) for energy or to reassemble the resulting materials to form different compounds D) to excrete smaller amounts of solid waste materials during vigorous exercise 9. Why would organisms break the bonds of organic compounds? A) arrow A, only B) arrow B, only C) arrow C, only D) arrows A, B, and C 10. The flow of energy through an ecosystem involves many energy transfers. The diagram below summarizes the transfer of energy that eventually powers muscle activity. What is the process of cellular respiration represented by? Aim 19: Cellular Respiration 20. Base your answer to the following question on the word equations below and on your knowledge of biology. The equations represent two biochemical processes that occur in living organisms. The letter X represents a molecule produced from process 1. Process 1: oxygen + glucose carbon dioxide + water + X Process 2: carbon dioxide + water oxygen + glucose Identify the molecule represented by letter X in process l. 21. State one reason that most foods must be digested before they can enter a cell. Base your answers to questions 22 and 23 on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. Two test tubes, A and B, were set up as shown in the diagram below. Bromthymol blue, which turns from blue to yellow in the presence of carbon dioxide, was added to the water at the bottom of each tube before the tubes were sealed. The tubes were maintained at the temperatures shown for six days. (Average room temperature is 20°C.) 22. Explain how the temperature difference could lead to the different results in tubes A and B after six days. 23. Identify the life process responsible for the change in tube A. Answer Key Cellular Respiration notes 1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. 30-33 (If the student's graph is incorrect, allow credit for an answer that is consistent with the student's graph.) 15. The change in number might be due to a decrease in available food or the buildup of waste products. 16. 17. See graph 18. – 19. – enzymes, – biological catalysts 20. ATP or adenosine triphosphate 21. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: — Food must be digested before it can enter a cell since certain food molecules are too large to pass through the cell membrane. — Only small molecules can pass through membrane pores. 22. Examples: — The shape of enzymes changes at high temperatures. — The rate at which the enzymes work is affected by the temperature. — Tube B is too hot. — The beans will not grow at 60° so they will not respire and will not produce CO2. 23. Examples: — cellular respiration — respiration