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PRE Pl R—H + Xp 09 a x + Hx Xa > 2x Fa) ch) 6) | R-H + XR + HX | an TT R + X—X—>RK + XK _ (Bq ydichabogenation 2 alkems SYp> R—-cH= (Hy + Hx ——> R— CH— CHs x x4 R-CH = cH, + Hoy [92 ——> R-cH, cH, BY _* (Coy bilepemation of alkenes p> 64 _t = a + Wrr[coly > a a By 1S (( By suaetion ata Hox QYp R-CH= CH, + HOX——> R — CH — CHe OH x 6. (( by rwadhon of %2/10 Xp CHy =CH —CHs + Kah” ——> cH, = cH — cH, —x i) Hy = CH — CH, + NBS ———-> cH, = cH — CHy — By : > (CH iailogre Tap D> R=¢ Sty + Hx —__s e—loen, ! > Mp aap cae yx, we, f er low temp, y \ x \ fo. se ae SP re CR a @ + Kaffe its, * Halloasmabion rho B hybogem inctopic tphect. TCH CDy (Rete) | \ ~ b= 0~ ty Ba] ccly —"—> R — By + Moy — cop n i) Sea GTS, Prsfecl apn ly ef bn emake tll, sacs ty fa with nae al _ a BREA EE + me + Rte + ye R. + Ba B41 ———> R-BH + Oy. Aye + Oe ——. Aagy | o Mi R- c— o+p—_s a > _sinteltein pando RF + Nal] Aectowe ——_s pT + Nae RA + Nar] Aeflom gp oy Nae! Mae > Neel > NiO : R-BH * Naz | freitong Se Rae Noy Q Tonte ame only not Ly rdluble in aeiting lsccunne it ir covaluit. All othe cue jonie ound not aoluble. ) only. wvolost wt aohuble in organic advent, j-e — oxdlene wae yn. a _O™ “aha — ae liad a o oF ay = CH — CHy ——— CH=CH — ey — 7 wet ei CH. = cH — 2— cH “Hs ———> tra = cH— eH, — Q— ScH = CH — cH, I A crs —y —CHg-L : 7 ayes de alo as 2 t~ ae | c = . We=en — cys —_, CHa = CH — cH, — 7 — pa - Oh =o — any eelyo one en ot . oho F i ce 7 Un = CH — cH, — y CHa + |] Naz/ hedtone . \ ) > m1 a > Q—cH—cH — a —d + Naz] Realong —s fl — CH=CH, — cH, — Z / BA—CH= CH— CH, —F + Nax/ fetliwe —> Q4—cH= cH, chy— I 7 19.9 Thir sunilion Jr wed btcane or (odenalion Sy sunenrible , Jk iy difficult cto prupare iodine prroduclar, By SWARTS Reaction Rody tye tig > RF + Agel R- BA + tye ov SR "a | mp RvTY MP us pe + fa T < ovby oiler flunside in poluble im Wild} ond oftwur ort prucipitatid . oo only MF Je flowmed. ; set of th dain Ss at flciy yy 7 eMownier ome vse. wat Jt to forny uno puoduaby : uc a ct \ chek 7 Cys Cy Cy" ne gees ae TH cH=tH~ CH, - S Ha By CHy- F a s Hdd ta \ CH= iia a-T AOF @ ————> @ By cH y= cH —CH,—F £ L q Bs Nueleophilicity MM prahie — PG Er UME a= . Fn Pprotio = a> a BH Ee SO, 92 Woe palloing sontlon —» Rcd + KF/ome ——__sR fF + Kee Apsecchis. Fr mort wucloophilis CHa By CHF they el We Lam aloo ue Ket] DME te saplack b12r falc kaa] DMP fon T but Hun iv ro mining of Kx] DMF. A { \ sith R-OW + KX—__s ng. HX leaning, atu HO i-e poutuadl psup ener home good Loan) aa) 7 TONING group Jy oH whith Jy mat good. Poucen ty With Rox to x Aa tht sanction, ro "fawidevd suastinn Lars kry HgP0 Pe R- OH ——=» py : - SKI + HsPo R-on 4, NR CH2-OH \ieeemaameai CH. aa 4 He Po 7 R-oH KEENE 8 — cHcOH = H O 20) eton/es vn —* . NR H a FOR PRIMARY ALCOHOLS ra RCH, — oH pe oy og ey D0 R Cbx j +r 0 aa : Koy, Be NL —_—_—_—————_—— ee Oe pny yes x —"t, ———== x Aj 2 < w rar Rake < [ror] [Hx] Tt iv ubstitilion nucleophile bimolecular (sna) Ml prumanay dbeohols undies nucleophile aubestation by SNo wiehonlen . Ts te inlotmedicls wo Stosromarmtsh . Rate 7 duudly proportional to vovadi Ts. Mant droridel ideal toon scent ae under Hal svaition ok ne faotist sali Seeen & Tati, abroddy do wat wndungn dab meclominy peimasuy wedge fat. 1 tow “woah oul ya Poe bocmeling, mn p vaxbon T, cvonding 9 Te T Hemer suite wanpenii fo aleolol appt to be primo bat deo nat unduigo tr widow . q HA Og tHe CH3 Hp, CHa CHeOH ——> CHyCHa CHa CH. OH, /*—> CHgtha CHatty—x Pigg tH on CH Ai: (Sore > tate nat undango SNo Wochamirny (( Se Paste aalvent > HL 7 4H > Hel > He Beaune HT far arongert vid 2 1° formed be ational wuelooriibe { Molvent. Prilie- im pouatue MECHANISM FOR 2&3 ALCOHOLS = ‘Ae & x ) Ro € OH + MX SS ete a> Be RT Ry—c— Ro Rs Ro x Thuy, wndurgo log SNy wuchowuiny lxcaung conbouition Jr wart. stable im 9 4% cleohal ovorall odo. \teitbuay y Stomdany > Pula | | a cats + 7__,-¢ 2 ¢ —+ © 4 aH x | (cimincition) ELimivelion ater ot higly Timpurolure Addition ocew ot Low Simprrotioe Jubstitatin oceutr of Cony. Fomyporaluse AW = ahs T as at luigh Soinp , bh
aq -NavH (basic nating). Aimilay lo 09. kono Kon. ecm Ome “Oe a 7 ; oACle ae nF * ellng ge asasd +NlaoH ~ WuRTz Reaction QR —XK+ No—sRR ©. R-AK +e —S PO + KO (tuduchion) 1@ RM +e x-—R—-R + xe (aubiti bitin ) Pool from alkanoty. Rul? + R-x——9ReR, _ SF \ . ZINS. ; (Pp BLAYLATION a ples - fal 7 CH= CH ——_, Reon CH=CH + NaNH,—>CH=c! Nats CH= C-CHy+ atm CH= C Nat + cHycHek——>cH=c— CH CHs oO NaS CO xgt + 2¢Hscl—>ecHg—c Sc — Cth, REACTION WITH NacN] Ken Reehaek 6 Nae > RH, SHaCHeX + NacN—scHycH, CN Y ASenaseal Gent oe ECHANISM _ x gd . = v8) 9 FA NH—> RC. in, ate VS CH3CHs ——» Auechnie arid a Hove’ —cHg — CHa — cooH —7 cg th, ant CH =a, BY—CHa— chy — By 28 CN cH cHa—CN VHe4 = QI CHytHs ——> HyN CH, CHa CH cH y— NH HOC — CHy—CH,— Coon _ Hal Nem cng CHy—en tals yy — oy, CHy— Ni CHy~— CooH OQ- a Prom aedtie arid Rome oP — N= 0 ——>R—cH,— 0 —N=0 >) O° ta Abvomaey nudivophitt CHy CHB + Nanoy ———_s, cHgeH, OND (ctoyl vious) nia cHy-ONO co. OO an Os REACTION WITH Agnes ° 0 co) R — chy <—in7 ——> Roch —N =O—> R- cH — P7 No en sino \ 0? x *t ("otkena R-O Not + Riayat a Re CHe — Ry . : The prupantibion of otherury from foodiumn obkeatle by sansfuim vith primary obkyt walide fr called vailliamoon's axyn-thur 6 el anata trp cs OHA” Chg cris oh CH 0 Cy CHs + CH=CH, + CHa CH CH, 07 Not + Clgcl ———9 cH cH, OCH, (lig product) Hemeg , Avesnd method should be ured. 7 @ CHa CH) O CHy CH, CHe CHs CHO Ni tip MAO NOt eWgcHs CH2cl ——> cHycH, o CHs CHa OHS + CHZCH,0H + CH=CH OY; med CH3CH2CH20” Nat cl tp + CHycHacl > CHyCH2 CHO CH, CH + CHSCs CHaOH + CHECH, “ p=E i i ' eS CH3CH, O—C — cH, mmo | ots CH, CH4—c — O7 Rat CP cu, 1 OT Nat + CHa CH > SHg—C — OCH, CHy > CHs CHs CH ons ~ CHs CHLO Ni \ ie : WP cts M,0 Na i d —, CH, CH, OH +CHa=e —CHs . Hore onli iF retuod qhovtel be une, ESF csc 0 ZS ~ ea —s ~ O-C . 7 \ Peoticas 7 aa lis CHACH.O-Nat io - ( y) (1 CH,ONat +. |] —— > NR sf / Vv S + - Not CHs = + conf d = ©) cHy—6 — cy : ts a i's SSP How prapane Dee . i on cH, ie “s ts 3 = CH + Ha (ococy —> cHs—g — CH. = Hs ashy’ cH, ° 3 : CHy—F— CH, + Phono ——> one Sits fo) CHs ~~ HO—CHy CHy chy cHy~el a 7 Q . arid . “sor _ REAC TON r KsH OC W R-cHy-A + gy ~———> h-cha— SH + Rx : (ncn) Poe lxomelai Twetane of g canbon sulle of sumtin ducnsanor aw Ts Te umstable dugto cHondi amd lucomoy difhiodt to form. — _ CHa — CO — CHo-X CHs-X CHa CHE X D> CHy i CHa —% S 4 i, Pa CHs cH, VS 2 Rate of. ssactiom CHs 4 = a cHEc «cu,— aA > CH=CH & CHa el cH — CH > CHa ch Rae of si Sw rose Sy I bot c= e i withanancing quoup Cund, Lemet tha 5 . carbon dis mask e- deficient” +0 z” Glock, He mart e defi cheut cascbon. Hence Subla of Snip sandhion t. ia} H 2° saan Th CH CH, CHo¢] HO™ 255 » i accagh a“ hl ee . (12ke out) ni Most vrovding Ts unatable AN a7" (veowded) CHa =CH — cH, — cll = 4 Sr recovers (Wall) Low tenella Ts sslalively Aboble (Pale) Ts Nou able er condi H H eas Homo 4 (ca ean Ho. oe nal | i , é i H” “Sy r H > 3 Anoitt e» lam aon : CHa, CH CHp— oh CH, =CH— cH, ~ cf cHEe — en, cH ) ) ; bond tremeth artes , weak bend beak onnily 20 st of JD tow bso Pit bond adfocunt Sabo nda, nop uid omd P orbital 4 coxbery unde na- SNo Lntoruct (delocalise) which Alabiliae tw Ts formed Ses (CH =cclgel > Cla =CH—cHy—e] > CHa CH, CH, ol (oe ‘le ie L Ly = Cy Cr" a Z chads on em debiciont Gy Bond aowath | ya = nj weak tab » 0 in ety do bunk. — GP Lhoy 39 ahuudvg dt I te planar. vo wand vconding Jy 2 (EY) jaunt double bond To canton vandungating. sip sancbion Henet s0fle mort or TS bs atahle. Sooo timo word thaw it. RSF cUatt OX AD, CHO CH whom wok dy HO,eyonred . CHaCH,O how “I affock “ASF Thom chem Wit o Newt prisy iw adfous fanaa alig SN Sbclion um pte rod on Ome hhemee Ts de de. aa gtd a—t> a oe H a ? an , a o a SY < GD lon” he — : f ao yor jm ~~ wo ~ = S y SNF Tp uate of sunsticn on leant obit, trom it ehouty 7 arredtllhat on SN2 Houalion phovs g oatal Mech y R-I > R-BH S Rea > RF : T” Jr lady Rooning qacoup amd c# bond in atrongort ond boner olifhioult 45 - cn a aaeee? Nuon = Se Ad b Hy CH, cH ch ,, CH= CH~ cf Ai . Roe ] Hel SO) OF Mat » Tad sell of founion of hitoymudiate fr indopndat of cone of wueQoophilie anol depundy only, on tone of sanctanbr. ae ea ) Tete oubetibahcn nuDeophibie wnimo) ; Yon py intend sede ak se a eamnanone cx _ Pasial Rect ston oxewr , Sy Rag ~ CHs-% —s eH® + xO > “Heth X —> chai® + x0 fH peak CH, — cH — ‘ i) x > 4 + x0 ~ a! a sree | ° Rake of saaéhioy 7 sso ao — oh, -c@ + 50 Or mort stable carbocation ia farmed, y Stable the frlormediate lomey the beat z Sagutra| De ee Ma CHs-CH=cH — el » CHa CHa CH el » Ha=CH— cH, 35251 SHe ney SNa & Si Sadho gy ea) Cou) Ts difforenbiak yuo Soe vont ne Comeept that the oH =e (5 CH= CH —cH, — oy + CH= CH—oH,— of —_ ots 1 th ( Hy CH, —O = cH , ee Howst it Joy squally fost om snp. 
