Physics Multiple Choice Questions and Answers: Mechanics, Heat, and Waves, Study notes of Physics

A comprehensive set of multiple-choice questions covering fundamental concepts in physics, including mechanics, heat, and waves. It provides a valuable resource for students to test their understanding of key principles and practice problem-solving skills. The questions are designed to assess knowledge of topics such as force, motion, energy, work, power, heat transfer, and wave properties.

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2023/2024

Uploaded on 02/21/2025

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Q:1) Which of the following is a vector quantity?
Paragraph:
Sol:
A:) kinetic energy
B:) force
C:) power
D:) work
Q:2) Which of the following is a derived units for force?
Paragraph:
Sol:
A:)
1
kgm
B:)
1
kgms
C:)
skgm2
D:)
2
kgms
Q:3) A force, F, acts in the
x
direction with a magnitude given by
2
axF
where
x
is in metres and
. Find the work done by this force as it acts on a particle which moves from
0x
to
mx 0.6
Paragraph:
Sol:
A:) 180 J
B:) 360 J
C:) 30 J
D:) 210 J
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pfd
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Q:1) Which of the following is a vector quantity? Paragraph: Sol: A:) kinetic energy B:) force C:) power D:) work Q:2) Which of the following is a derived units for force? Paragraph: Sol: A:)  1

kgm

B:) kgms ^1

C:) kgms

2 D:)  2

kgms

Q:3) A force, F, acts in the x direction with a magnitude given by F  ax^2 where x is in metres and

a  5 Nm ^2. Find the work done by this force as it acts on a particle which moves from

x  0 to

x  6. 0 m

Paragraph: Sol: A:) 180 J B:) 360 J C:) 30 J D:) 210 J

Q:4) A force, F, acts in the x direction with a magnitude given by

2

F  ax where x is in metres and

a  5 Nm ^2. If the particle has a mass of 1 kg and was moving with a velocity of 20 ms ^1 when it passed

x  0 , what is its velocity at x  6. 0 m

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) 13.

 1

ms

B:) 23.4 ms ^1

C:) 33.4 ms ^1

D:) 43.

 1 ms

Q:5) A hailstone with a mass of 10g falls a distance of 100 m to the ground which it hits with a

velocity of 30 m/ s. How much work has been done by air resistance? (Take g to be 9.8 ms ^2 )

Paragraph: Sol: A:) 1.6 J B:) 5.3 L C:) 8.3 J D:) 3.6 J

Q:6) A box moves 3 m horizontally when force F = 20 N is applied at angle

 135. What is

the work done on the box by F during the displacement?

Paragraph: Sol: A:) 70.7 J B:) – 70.7 J

C:) 32 .0N

D:) 124 .2N

Q:10) A uniform meter rule of mass 20 kg is pivoted at the 40 cm mark, and a weight of 15N is

hung at the 30 cm mark. What is the reaction at the pivot? (Take g to be 9.8 ms-^2 )

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) 211N

B:) 87N

C:) 37N

D:) 320.2N

Q:11) A force of 200N pulls a block of mass 50kg and overcomes a constant frictional force of 50N. What is the acceleration of the block? Paragraph: Sol:

A:) 2.8 ms ^2

B:) 3.0 ms ^2 C:) 3.3 ms ^2 D:) 4.0 ms ^2 Q:12) A car of mass 1000kg is accelerating at 3m/s2. If the resistance to the motion is 1000N, What is the force due to the engine? Paragraph: Sol: A:) 1000N

B:) 2000N

C:) 4000N

D:) 3000N

Q:13) When a force acts on an object, it produces acceleration which may be given as a=F/m where F is force on the object and m is the mass of the object. This is otherwise known as Paragraph: Sol: A:) First law of motion B:) Newton’s second law C:) Third law D:) All of the option Q:14) A ball is thrown vertically upwards. The quantity which remains the same is Paragraph: Sol: A:) displacement B:) speed C:) kinetic energy D:) acceleration Q:15) A particle in simple harmonic motion has a period of 0.4s. If the maximum speed attained during the motion is 0.3m/s, what is the amplitude of the motion? Paragraph: Sol: A:) 0.018m B:) 0.19m C:) 0.3m

D:) the length of the pendulum and the acceleration of gravity Q:19) Water has a higher specific heat capacity than iron. This means that Paragraph: Sol: A:) water is more dense than iron. B:) water is hotter than iron. C:) water heats more rapidly than iron. D:) water heats more slowly than iron. Q:20) In general, when a liquid is heated Paragraph: Sol: A:) it will neither expand nor contract. B:) it will expand at a greater rate than a solid. C:) it will expand at a lesser rate than a solid. D:) it will contract at a greater rate than a solid.

Q: 2 1) A boy of mass 50 kg running at 2 m/s, accelerates uniformly at 0.5 ms ^2 for a minute.

What is his work done within the interval?

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) 10,300 J

B:) 19,100 J

C:) 25 ,600 J

D:) 31 ,400 J

Q: 2 2) What are the dimensions of energy and force?

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) ML ^3 T , MLT^2

B:) MLT , MLT

 1

C:) ML^2 T ^2 , MLT ^2

D:) ML^2^ T ^2 , ML^2 T^2

Q: 2 3) Which of the following are the correct dimensions of density and pressure?

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) ML ^3 , ML ^1 T ^2

B:)

2 1 2

  

ML ML T

C:) ML ^2 T ^2 , ML ^3

D:) ML^3^ , ML ^1 T^2

Q: 2 4) Which of the following is equivalent to kg m-^1 s -^2?

Paragraph: Sol: A:) Ns ^1

B:) Pa

C:) J

D:) Js ^1

Paragraph: Sol: A:) momentum, velocity, force B:) acceleration, momentum, force C:) momentum, kinetic energy, force D:) momentum, velocity, displacement Q: 2 9) Dimensionally energy can be written as: Paragraph: Sol:

A:) ML^2 T ^2

B:)

 2

MLT

C:)

2  3

ML T

D:)

 2  1

ML T

Q:30) The _______________ of the particle is defined as the change in velocity divided by the

time interval during which that change occurs

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) Speed

B:) Average acceleration

C:) Displacement

D:) Average speed

Q: 3 1) Given hat the period of oscillation of a pendulum is given by T  kmx^ lygz where k is a constant.

Which of the following is correct? Paragraph:

Sol: A:)

l

m

T  K

B:) T  Km^3 gl

C:)

g

l

T  K

D:) TK m^2 gl Q: 3 2) Which of the following is not a fundamental unit of measurement in mechanics? Paragraph: Sol: A:) second B:) metre C:) volt D:) kilogram

Q:3 3 ) The position of a boy is given by X  4  5 t  3 t^2 m, the instantaneous velocity at t=3s is given

as? Paragraph: Sol: A:) 11m/s B:) 18m/s C:) 16m/s D:) 13m/s Q: 3 4) The position of a boy is given by 2

X  4  5 t  3 t m, the instantaneous acceleration at t=3s is

given as? Paragraph:

B:) 7 m/s C:) 8 m/s D:) 9 m/s

Q: 3 8) The position of a boy is given by X  4  5 t  3 t^2 m, what is his average acceleration between

t = 1 s and t = 3 s?

Paragraph:

Sol:

A:) 6 ms ^2

B:) 7 ms ^2

C:) 8 ms ^2

D:) 9

ms ^2

Q: 3 9) The displacement of a car as a function of time t is given as ( 3 2 1 )

2

S  t  t  m. find its

velocity at time t = 4 s

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) 12m/s

B:) 10 m/s

C:) 2 2m/s

D:) 0.33m/s

Q:40) The displacement of a car as a function of time t is given as ( 4 2 1 )

2

S  t  t  m. find its

acceleration at time t = 2 s

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) 6 ms ^2

B:) 7 ms ^2

C:) 8 ms ^2

D:) 9 ms ^2

Q: 4 1) Which of the following is an equation in Kinematics?

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) v = u + at

B:) F = ma

C:) w=F x d

D:) P.E. = mgh

Q: 4 2) A force of 5N makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal. What is the value of vertical

component of the force?

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) 5.0 N

B:) 7.5 N

C:) 2.5 N

D:) 4.3 N

Q: 4 3) Which of these is not correct about work?

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) work is a scalar quantity

B:) work done by the system is negative

C:) work done on the system is negative

D:) none of the options

Q: 4 4) Which of these is the correct definition for torque acting on a body?

C:) it is a product of work and velocity

D:) none of the options

Q: 4 8) A uniform beam of mass 2 kg and length 80 cm is pivoted at position 30 cm. At what

position must a body of mass 1 kg be hung on it in order to achieve static equilibrium?

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) 20 cm to the left of the pivot

B:) 40 cm to the left of the pivot

C:) 15 cm to the right of the pivot

D:) 30cm to the right of the pivot

Q: 4 9) A uniform meter rule is pivoted at point 50 cm. If a load of mass 10 kg is placed at point 15

cm on the meter rule, what load will balance it at 70 cm mark on the meter rule?

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) 7.5 cm

B:) 1 7.5 cm

C:) 15 .5 cm

D:) 35.5 cm

Q:50) The centripetal acceleration in a circular motion is given by

Paragraph: Sol:

A:) a  r ^2

B:)

2

r

v

a 

C:) A and B

D:) none of the options

Q:51) Which of the following is not an instrument for measuring mass? Paragraph: Sol: A:) Chemical balance B:) spring balance C:) ballistic balance D:) Vernier balance Q:52) Which of the following is the instrument used for measuring inertial mass? Paragraph: Sol: A:) Chemical balance B:) spring balance C:) ballistic balance D:) Vernier balance Q:53) Which of the following is not an example of fundamental quantities? Paragraph: Sol: A:) Force B:) Temperature C:) Mass D:) Time Q:54) Which of the following is not an example of fundamental quantities? Paragraph: Sol: A:) electric current

Q:58) A Lagos commercial bus is driving at a speed of 219 ft. per minute. Express this speed in meter per second. Paragraph: Sol: A:) 2. 35 ms ^1 B:) 2. 31 ms ^1 C:) 1. 75 ms ^1 D:) 1. 11 ms ^1 Q:59) A Lagos commercial bus is driving at a speed of 219 ft. per minute. Express this speed in km per hour. Paragraph: Sol: A:) 4. 01 kmh ^1 B:) 8. 10 kmh ^1 C:) 4. 10 kmh ^1 D:) 8. 01 kmh ^1 Q:60) A Lagos commercial bus is driving at a speed of 219 ft. per minute. What is this speed in light-year per year? Paragraph: Sol:

A:) 2. 71  10 ^9 ly / y

B:) 3. 71 10 ly / y

 9

C:) 4. 71  10 ^9 ly / y

D:) 5. 71  10 ^9 ly / y

Q:61) The distance from the north pole to the equator is 10 million meters. If 5 miles=8 km and 1mile= 5280 ft, what is the distance from the south pole to the equator in feet? Paragraph: Sol:

A:) 5. 03  107 ft

B:) 1. 01  107 ft

C:) 8. 20  107 ft

D:) 3. 30  107 ft

Q:62) A body is released from rest and allowed to fall freely from a given height under gravity. The kinetic energy at its halfway point is………. Paragraph: Sol: A:) a little above half of its initial energy B:) a little below half of its initial energy C:) a half of its initial energy D:) a little above its initial energy

Q:63) If Z  A ^3 and the percentage error in A is 4%, calculate the percentage error in Z.

Paragraph: Sol: A:) 4% B:) 8% C:) 12% D:) 16% Q:64) Which of the following has the same unit as energy?