PHP – Personal Home Page PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor (Lecture 35-37)C# Programming
Language(Lecture 31-34) VU
Alternative syntax for control statements
PHP offers an alternative syntax for some of its control structures; namely, if, while, for,
foreach, and switch. In each case, the basic form of the alternate syntax is to change the
opening brace to a colon (:) and the closing brace to endif;, endwhile;, endfor;,
endforeach;, or endswitch;, respectively. An example is shown below:
<?php
if ($a == 5):
echo "a equals 5";
echo "...";
elseif ($a == 6):
echo "a equals 6";
echo "!!!";
else: echo "a is neither 5 nor 6";
endif;
?>
User defined functions
Just like all programming languages, one can define functions in PHP as shown in the
following example:
<?php
function foo($arg_1, $arg_2, /* ..., */ $arg_n)
{
echo "Example function.\n";
return $retval;
}
?>
PHP also allows functions to be defined inside functions. It may be noted that C and its
descendents do not support this feature but descendants of Algol generally support it. The
following example shows this concept:
<?php
function foo() {
function bar() {
echo "I don't exist until foo() is called.\n";
}
}
/* We can't call bar() yet since it doesn't exist. */
foo();
/* Now we can call bar(), foo()'s processesing has made it
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