ANAL FISTULA important notes, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Medical Sciences

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ANAL FISTULA * Definition: A chronic tract lined by granulation tissue , connecting usually the anal canal or rarely the rectum with the peri-anal skin . * Aetiology: 1- Neglected ano-rectal abscess. The liability of any abscess in this region to end in a fistula is due to: a. Presence of fatty tissue around the anus with weak capacity for healing. b. Spasm of internal anal sphincter — impairment of proper drainage. c. The internal opening in the anal canal acts as a constant source of infection. 2- Specific pathology: T.B, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, cancer rectum. * Pathology: = Composition: 1- A track: It is lined by infected granulation tissues and surrounded by fibrosis. 2- External opening: Present on the perianal skin. The farther the external opening from the anal orifice the higher the fistula. 3- Internal opening: Present on the m.m. of the anal canal or rectum (rare). The hight of this opening determine the type of the fistula. " Most fistulae originate & have its internal ring in the anal crypts at the level of dentate line & communicate to intersphincteric abscess .