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Lymphatic System: Anatomy and Function, Exams of Anatomy

Nevada State CollegeAnatomy

Answers to questions about the structure and function of the lymphatic system, including the roles of lymphatic capillaries, collecting vessels, lymphatic trunks, lymphatic ducts, and various lymphatic organs such as the thoracic duct, cisterna chyli, lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils. It also covers the functions of different types of lymphocytes, including t cells, b cells, and natural killer cells.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 02/18/2024

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Anat&Phy 337 Unit 1 Module 8:
Lymphatic System Questions And
Answers
Lymphatic Capillaries - correct answer vessels where interstitial fluid
enters the lymphatic system to become lymph; located in every tissue;
interlaced among arterioles and venules in CT; only places that don't
have them are CNS, bone, teeth, and cornea
Collecting Lymphatic Vessels - correct answer vessels that collect tissue
fluid from loose CT and return it to the blood stream (veins);
accompany blood vessels; similar to veins in terms of 3-tunic structure
and presence of one-way valves
Lymphatic Trunks - correct answer larger lymphatic vessels that collect
lymph from collecting vessels
Lymphatic Ducts - correct answer ducts that empty lymph into veins of
the neck
Right Lymphatic Duct - correct answer lymphatic duct that drains lymph
from the right side of the body, right side of the head, thorax, and right
upper limb; duct leads to right subclavian vein
Thoracic Duct - correct answer lymphatic duct that drains lymph from
the left side of the body and the remaining portions of the body; duct
leads to left subclavian vein: begins in cisterna chyli
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Lymphatic System Questions And

Answers

Lymphatic Capillaries - correct answer vessels where interstitial fluid enters the lymphatic system to become lymph; located in every tissue; interlaced among arterioles and venules in CT; only places that don't have them are CNS, bone, teeth, and cornea Collecting Lymphatic Vessels - correct answer vessels that collect tissue fluid from loose CT and return it to the blood stream (veins); accompany blood vessels; similar to veins in terms of 3-tunic structure and presence of one-way valves Lymphatic Trunks - correct answer larger lymphatic vessels that collect lymph from collecting vessels Lymphatic Ducts - correct answer ducts that empty lymph into veins of the neck Right Lymphatic Duct - correct answer lymphatic duct that drains lymph from the right side of the body, right side of the head, thorax, and right upper limb; duct leads to right subclavian vein Thoracic Duct - correct answer lymphatic duct that drains lymph from the left side of the body and the remaining portions of the body; duct leads to left subclavian vein: begins in cisterna chyli

Lymphatic System Questions And

Answers

Cisterna Chyli - correct answer sac-like chamber that receives lymph from the lower abdomen, pelvis, and lower limbs by way of the left and right lumbar trunks and intestinal trunk; thoracic duct begins beneath the diaphragm in here Lymph - correct answer interstitial fluid once it has entered lymphatic vessels; contains a liquid matrix and WBCs such as lymphocytes and macrophages; drains into blood vessels, delivering molecules to the blood Lymphedema - correct answer swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues Lymphatic Cells (Lymphocytes) - correct answer agranular WBCs that make up 20-30% of all WBCs (second most common); only formed element that arises from lymphoid stem cells in bone marrow; essential for immune response because includes natural killer cells, B cells, and T cells; high levels mean viral infection or cancer; low levels mean chronic illness, immunosuppression, HIV, or drug therapy with steroids T Cells - correct answer lymphocytes that provide cellular-level immunity by physically attacking foreign or diseased cells or secreting soluble factors that communicate with other cells; mature in thymus;

Lymphatic System Questions And

Answers

pathogens from lymph; dendritic cells and macrophages internalize and kill pathogens here; site of adaptive immune response which mediated by T cells, B cells, and accessory cells for the adaptive immune system Afferent Lymphatic Vessels - correct answer vessels that provide major routes into the lymph node Efferent Lymphatic Vessels - correct answer vessels that leave the lymph nodes Thymus - correct answer primary lymphatic organ that is bilobed and found in the space between the sternum and aorta; held together by CT; where T cells mature Spleen - correct answer secondary lymphatic organ that is extensively vascularized and located in the ULQ; has macrophages and dendritic cells to remove microbes and damaged cells; location of immune responses to blood-borne pathogens; divided by trabeculae of CT and consists of red pulp and white pulp; enlargement can occur during mononucleosis Red Pulp - correct answer area of spleen consisting mostly of RBCs and reticular fibers with fixed macrophages and some lymphocytes;

Lymphatic System Questions And

Answers

functions as a blood filtration system using the nonspecific immune response White Pulp - correct answer area of spleen where the splenic artery splits into several arterioles and eventually sinusoids; surrounds a central arteriole and consist of germinal centers of dividing B cells surrounded by T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells; where adaptive T and B cell responses are mounted Lymphatic Nodules - correct answer nodules that consist of a dense cluster of lymphocyte without a surrounding fibrous capsule; located in respiratory and digestive systems, routinely exposed to environmental pathogens; include tonsils and MALT Tonsils - correct answer lymphoid nodules located along the pharynx's inner surface and are important in developing immunity to oral pathogens; do not have a complete capsule and the epithelial layer invaginates deeply into the interior to form tonsillar crypts; help children's bodies recognize, destroy, and develop immunity to common pathogens so they can be protected later on Mucosa-Associated Lymphatic Tissue (MALT) - correct answer aggregate of lymphoid follicles directly associated with the mucous