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Anatomical Language and Body Regions, Summaries of Anatomy

The University of ManchesterAnatomy

An overview of anatomical terminology and directional terms used to describe the human body. It covers topics such as body regions, anatomical terms, body planes and sections, and directional terms. Labeled figures and activities to help the reader understand and apply these concepts. It would be useful for students studying anatomy, physiology, or related fields in a university setting, as it covers foundational knowledge that is essential for understanding the structure and function of the human body.

Typology: Summaries

2023/2024

Uploaded on 08/01/2024

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Anatomical Language and
Terminology
Anatomical Language
Body Regions and Anatomical Terms
Cranial: The area of the head that contains the brain.
Facial: The area of the head that includes the face.
Cervical: The area of the neck.
Acromial: The area at the highest point of the shoulder.
Axillary: The area of the armpit.
Brachial: The area between the shoulder and elbow.
Antecubital: The area on the anterior surface of the elbow region.
Antebrachial: The area between the elbow and wrist.
Carpal: The area of the wrist.
Digital: The area of the fingers or toes.
Palmar: The area of the palm of the hand.
Femoral: The area between the hip and knee.
Patellar: The area of the anterior surface of the knee.
Crural: The area of the anterior surface of the leg.
Tarsal: The area of the ankle.
Digital: The area of the fingers or toes.
Frontal: The area of the forehead.
Orbital: The area of the eye.
Otic: The area of the ear.
Buccal: The area of the cheek.
Nasal: The area of the nose.
Oral: The area of the mouth.
Mental: The area of the chin.
Sternal: The area of the breastbone.
Mammary: The area of the breast.
Umbilical: The area of the navel.
Coxal: The area of the hip.
Inguinal: The area of the groin where the thigh attaches to the pelvic
region.
Manual: The area of the hand.
Pubic: The area of the genital region.
Pedal: The area of the foot.
Occipital: The area of the inferior back of the head.
Scapular: The area of the shoulder blades.
Vertebral: The area of the spinal column.
Olecranal: The area of the posterior surface of the elbow.
Gluteal: The area of the buttocks.
Popliteal: The area of the posterior surface of the knee.
Sural: The area of the calf.
Fibular: The area of the lateral side of the leg.
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Anatomical Language and

Terminology

Anatomical Language

Body Regions and Anatomical Terms

Cranial : The area of the head that contains the brain. Facial : The area of the head that includes the face. Cervical : The area of the neck. Acromial : The area at the highest point of the shoulder. Axillary : The area of the armpit. Brachial : The area between the shoulder and elbow. Antecubital : The area on the anterior surface of the elbow region. Antebrachial : The area between the elbow and wrist. Carpal : The area of the wrist. Digital : The area of the fingers or toes. Palmar : The area of the palm of the hand. Femoral : The area between the hip and knee. Patellar : The area of the anterior surface of the knee. Crural : The area of the anterior surface of the leg. Tarsal : The area of the ankle. Digital : The area of the fingers or toes. Frontal : The area of the forehead. Orbital : The area of the eye. Otic : The area of the ear. Buccal : The area of the cheek. Nasal : The area of the nose. Oral : The area of the mouth. Mental : The area of the chin. Sternal : The area of the breastbone. Mammary : The area of the breast. Umbilical : The area of the navel. Coxal : The area of the hip. Inguinal : The area of the groin where the thigh attaches to the pelvic region. Manual : The area of the hand. Pubic : The area of the genital region. Pedal : The area of the foot. Occipital : The area of the inferior back of the head. Scapular : The area of the shoulder blades. Vertebral : The area of the spinal column. Olecranal : The area of the posterior surface of the elbow. Gluteal : The area of the buttocks. Popliteal : The area of the posterior surface of the knee. Sural : The area of the calf. Fibular : The area of the lateral side of the leg.

Plantar : The area of the sole of the foot. Lumbar : The area of the lower back or loin. Calcaneal : The area of the heel.

Directional Terms

Superior : Toward the head or upper part of the body. Posterior or Dorsal : Toward the back or behind. Anterior or Ventral : Toward the front or belly. Proximal : Closer to the trunk or point of attachment. Distal : Farther from the trunk or point of attachment. Inferior : Toward the feet or lower part of the body. Medial : Toward the midline of the body. Lateral : Away from the midline of the body. Ipsilateral : On the same side of the body. Contralateral : On the opposite side of the body. Superficial : Closer to the surface of the body. Deep : Farther from the surface of the body.

Body Planes and Sections

Frontal Plane : Divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior sections. Oblique Plane : Divides the body or organ into unequal right and left sections. Transverse Plane : Divides the body or organ into superior and inferior sections. Parasagittal Plane : Divides the body into right and left halves, but not exactly in the middle. Midsagittal Plane : Divides the body into equal right and left halves. Longitudinal Plane : Divides the body or organ lengthwise. Cross-Section : A slice or section of the body or organ perpendicular to its long axis.

Reviewing Your Knowledge

A. Body Regions

Femoral: The area between the groin and knee. Brachial: The area between the shoulder and elbow. Antebrachial: The area between the elbow and wrist. Crural: The area between the knee and ankle. Thoracic: The area of the trunk between the neck and diaphragm. Abdominal: The area of the trunk between the diaphragm and hip bones. Pelvic: The area of the trunk inferior to the hip bones. Posterior trunk: The area located between the neck and buttocks. Acromial: The curved area where the upper limb attaches to the upper border of the trunk. Inguinal: The area on the anterior surface where the lower limb attaches to the pelvis.

Cranial: Pertaining to the area that includes the bones enclosing the brain. Frontal: Pertaining to the forehead. Vertebral: Pertaining to the spinal column. Occipital: Pertaining to the inferior back of the head. Crural: Pertaining to the anterior surface of the leg. Lumbar: Pertaining to the area of the lower back or loin. Pelvic: Pertaining to the trunk below the abdomen. Scapular: Pertaining to the area of the back that contains the shoulder blades. Olecranal: Pertaining to the posterior surface of the elbow. Brachial: Pertaining to the arm. Thoracic/Trunk: Two terms pertaining to the chest.

C. Body Planes and Sections

Oblique Plane: Divides the body or organ into unequal right and left sections. Frontal Plane: Divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior sections. Transverse Plane: Divides the body or organ into superior and inferior sections. Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into right and left halves. Frontal and Transverse Planes: When passed through the body, would result in two sections, with each section containing a piece of the heart and a piece of each lung.

D. Directional Terms

The clavicle is superior to the ribs. The ribs are lateral to the sternum. The humerus is proximal to the radius. The radius is medial to the humerus. The femur is distal to the humerus. The right humerus and the right radius are ipsilateral. The pelvic girdle is inferior to the ribs. The sternum is anterior to the vertebral column. The scapula is posterior to the clavicle.