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imaging
naked eye
Anatomy The study of structure Physiology The study of function Inspection Simply looking at the body's appearance Feeling a structure with the hands, such Palpation as palpating a swollen lymph node or taking a pulse listening to the natural sounds made by the body, such as heart and lung sounds Examiner taps on the body, feels for ab- Percussion normal resistance and listens to the emit- ted sound for signs of abnormalities such as pockets of fluid or air Carefully cutting and separating tissues to reveal their relationships Cadaver A dead human body The study of multiple species in order to Comparative Anatomy
Exploratory Surgery
examine similarities and differences and analyze evolutionary trends Opening the body and taking a look in- side to see what was wrong and what could be done about it. Any breach of the body cavities is risky, however, and most exploratory surgery has now been replaced by medical imaging techniques Methods of viewing the inside of the body without surgery
Radiology Branch of medicine concerned with
Gross Anatomy Structure that can be seen with the
Microscopic anatomy. Take a tissue sam- Histology ple, stain it and review it under a micro- scope
Auscultation
Dissection
Medical Imaging
The microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease The study of the structure and function of individual cells Refers to the fine details, down to the Ultrastructure
Comparative Physiology
Anatomy is the structure and physiol- ogy is the function. They support ea- chother b/c when you study a structure, you should know what it does and why it is possible.
molecular level, which are revealed by an electron microscope The study of how different species have solved problems of life such as water balance, respiration and reproduction
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? How do these two sci- ences support each other?
Cell Theory Theory that all life is composed of cells. refers less to observational procedures than to certain habits of disciplined cre- Scientific method
Inductive Method
Hypothetico-deductive Method
Falsifiability
ativity, careful observation, logical think- ing, and honest analysis of one's obser- vations and conclusions. A process of making numerous obser- vations until one feels confident in draw- ing generalizations and predictions from them Most physiological knowledge was ob- tained by this type of scientific method. Start by asking a question and formulat- ing a hypothesis that is consistent with what is already known and capable of being tested and possibly falsified by ev- idence. If we claim that something is scientifically true, we must be able to specify what evidence it would take to prove it wrong.
Cytology
Histopathology
atoms
body
ment to which Homo sapiens were bio- logically adapted Organism A single individual A group of organs with a unique collec- tive function A structure composted of two or more Organ
Tissue
tissue types that work together to carry out a particular function A mass of similar cells and cell products that forms a discrete region of an organ and preforms a specific function The smallest units of an organism that carries out its individual functions Microscopic structures in a cell that carry out its individual functions
molecule a particle composed of at least two
the smallest particles with unique chem- ical identities. The theory that a large, complex sys- Reductionism
Holism
organization, cellular composition, me- tabolism, excretion, responsiveness
1.6. Finish the slide above and define those words
tem such as the human body can be understood by studying its simpler com- ponents The complementary theory that there are "emergent properties" of the whole or- ganism that cannot be predicted form the properties of its separate parts the collection of properties that help to distinguish living from nonliving things:
Receptor A structure that senses a change n the
Control Center
Organ System
atom
Cells
Organelles
A mechanism that processes this forma- tion, relates it to the other available in- formation and "makes a decision" about what the appropriate response should be
Effector
Eponyms
The cell or organ that carries out the final corrective action Terms coined from the names of people
