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a sample of 50 questions from Marie's anatomy book
Typology: Exams
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Sample Questions from Chapter 1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,11,12 for Exam 4 (final exam). You may not find the answer key at the end of the document. 25 Questions from this will be appear in exam 4.
Multiple Choice Question; Choose the best answer
The body cavities that protect the nervous system are located in the ________ cavity. A) ventral B) cranial C) dorsal D) vertebral E) thoracic
You are asked to take a person's heart rate at the popliteal pulse point. You will look for this pulse ________. A) on the palmar side of the hand B) in the distal end of the lower leg C) on the posterior side of the knee D) at the posterior side of the wrist
Which of the following statements is the most correct regarding homeostatic imbalance? A) It is considered the cause of most diseases. B) Positive feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed. C) Negative feedback mechanisms are functioning normally. D) The internal environment is becoming more stable.
When a baby suckles at its mother's breast the stimulus at the breast is sent to the mother's brain (a region called the hypothalamus). The brain responds by releasing hormones to stimulate the production and the ejection of milk from the breast. This helps the newborn to receive nourishment and encourages more suckling. This example is best described as a ________. A) negative feedback B) necessary life function C) loss of homeostasis D) positive feedback
What structural level is represented by the coiling of the protein chain backbone into an alpha helix? A) tertiary structure B) secondary structure C) primary structure D) quaternary structure
Which of the following does NOT describe enzymes? A) Enzymes work by raising the energy of activation. B) Some enzymes are purely protein. C) Some enzymes are protein plus a cofactor. D) Each enzyme is chemically specific.
A high fever causes an enzyme to lose its three dimensional structure and function. Which bonds are broken when a protein denatures? A) non-polar covalent bonds B) polar covalent bonds C) ionic bonds D) hydrogen bonds
What happens in redox reactions? A) the electron acceptor is oxidized B) the organic substance that loses hydrogen is usually reduced C) both decomposition and electron exchange occur D) the reaction is uniformly reversible
The electron microscope has revealed that one of the components within the cell consists of pinwheel array of 9 triplets of microtubules arranged to form a hollow tube. This structure is a ________. A) centrosome B) ribosome C) centriole D) chromosome
If the nucleotide or base sequence of the DNA strand used as a template for messenger RNA synthesis is ACGTT, then what would be the sequence of bases in the corresponding mRNA? A) ACGTT B) GUACC C) UGCAA D) TGCAA
If cells are placed in a hypertonic solution containing a solute to which the membrane is impermeable, what could happen? A) The cells will lose water and shrink. B) The cells will show no change due to diffusion of both solute and solvent. C) The cells will swell and ultimately burst. D) The cells will shrink at first, but will later reach equilibrium with the surrounding solution and return to their original condition.
Which of the following is not a factor that binds cells together? A) special membrane junctions B) glycoproteins in the glycocalyx C) glycolipids in the glycocalyx D) wavy contours of the membranes of adjacent cells
How is hyaline cartilage different from elastic cartilage or fibrocartilage? A) It is more vascularized. B) Fibers are not normally visible. C) It allows great flexibility. D) It contains more nuclei.
Bones are covered and lined by a protective tissue called periosteum. The inner (osteogenic) layer consists primarily of ________. A) osteogenic cells B) chondrocytes and osteocytes C) dense irregular connective tissue D) cartilage and compact bone
Choose the structures that most directly provide nutrients and remove wastes from osteocytes in compact bone. A) nutrient foramens B) perforating (Volkmann's) canals C) canaliculi D) central canals
Choose the best location for obtaining a red bone marrow sample from a patient. A) hip bone B) medullary cavity of femur C) head of humerus D) frontal bone
In humans, the effect of the hormone calcitonin is to ________. A) increase blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoblasts B) increase blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclasts C) temporarily decrease blood calcium levels when administered in large doses D) decrease mitosis of chondrocytes at the epiphyseal plate
Synovial fluid is present in joint cavities of freely movable joints. Which of the following statements is true about this fluid? A) It contains hyaluronic acid. B) It contains hydrochloric acid. C) It contains lactic acid. D) It contains enzymes only.
The ligaments that protect the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles and limit the movement of the femur anteriorly and posteriorly are called ________. A) anterior ligaments B) cruciate ligaments C) tibial collateral ligaments D) patellar ligaments
Compared to the shoulder, displacements of the hip joints are ________. A) rare because of the ligament reinforcement B) common due to the weight bearing the hip endures C) rare because the rotator cuff stabilizes the hip joint D) common in all people who are overweight
Football players often sustain lateral blows to the extended knee. Which of the following is (are) damaged as a result? A) tibial collateral ligament, medial meniscus, and anterior cruciate ligament B) arcuate popliteal and the posterior cruciate ligaments C) suprapatellar ligament D) oblique popliteal and extracapsular ligaments
Which of the following is true about smooth muscle? A) Certain smooth muscle cells can actually divide to increase their numbers. B) Smooth muscle has well-developed T tubules at the site of invagination. C) Smooth muscle, in contrast to skeletal muscle, cannot synthesize or secrete any connective tissue elements. D) Smooth muscle cannot stretch as much as skeletal muscle.
What structure in skeletal muscle cells functions in calcium storage? A) intermediate filament network B) sarcoplasmic reticulum C) mitochondria D) myofibrillar network
Muscle tone is ________. A) the condition of athletes after intensive training B) a state of sustained partial contraction C) the ability of a muscle to efficiently cause skeletal movements D) the feeling of well-being following exercise
What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles? A) Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin binding sites on the actin molecules. B) Tropomyosin is the chemical that activates the myosin heads. C) Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the actin binding sites on the myosin molecules. D) Tropomyosin is the receptor for the motor neuron neurotransmitter.
Bacteria in the blood can be prevented entry to the fluids surrounding the brain. Which cells are most responsible for preventing bacteria from entering the fluids of the brain? A) satellite cells B) astrocytes C) Schwann cells D) oligodendrocytes
Like all cells, the neurons' internal organization dictates its function. Neurons have relatively many mitochondria, an extensive network of rough endoplasmic reticulum and many clusters of ribosomes. These cellular features indicate all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) neurons produce many proteins B) neurons must meet a high demand for ATP C) neurons have a relatively high consumption of oxygen D) neurons have stable, relatively unchanging internal environments
True or False Questions
Commissural fibers connect the cerebrum to the diencephalon.
Without some sort of negative feedback mechanism, it would be impossible to keep our body chemistry in balance.
The epigastric region is superior to the umbilical region.
The role of brown fat is to warm the body; whereas, the role of white fat is to store nutrients.
Tendons and ligaments are composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue.
Smooth muscles relax when intracellular Ca2+ levels drop but may not cease contractions.
The effect of a neurotransmitter on the muscle cell membrane is to modify its ion permeability properties temporarily.
A stimulus traveling toward a synapse appears to open calcium ion channels at the presynaptic end, which in turn promotes fusion of synaptic vesicles to the axonal membrane.
Axon diameter and degree of myelination determine nerve impulse conduction velocity.
Peristalsis is characteristic of smooth muscle.