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AP Computer Science Principles Unit 2 Questions and Answers
IP - -Internet Protocol for how data and information
is sent between devices
The Internet - -A global network system composed
of computers and devices that are all connected to each
other
End-to-End Architecture - -A design principle in
setting up a network. The principle states that, whenever
possible, communications protocol operations should be
defined to occur at the end-points of a communications
system, or as close as possible to the resource being
controlled.
Devices - -A machine that has a specific purpose or
function, capable of communicating with other devices
Network - -A group of computer systems that are all
linked through communication systems
DNS - -Domain Name System. Retrieves IP
addresses per request. Converts alphabetical names into
IP addresses
Browser - -A software program that people use to
access the Internet
Web server - -A computer that awaits and responds
to requests for data
IPv4 vs. IPv6 - -IPv4 can contain 2^32 IP addresses
while IPv6 can contain 2^128. Switch to IPv6 is necessary
because of the growing demand of IP addresses
HTTP/HTTPS - -The protocol used by the World
Wide Web. It describes how messages are formatted and
interchanged, and how web serves respond to
commands. The language computers use to
communicate. HTTPS is a communications protocol for
secure communication over a computer network which is
widely used on the Internet. (S stands for secure)
SMTP - -Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. Protocol for
online mail transmission
IETF - -Internet Engineering Task Force. Develops
and promotes voluntary internet standards and protocols,
in particular, the standards that comprise the internet
protocol suite
Allows for scalability - -Hierarchy
Redundancy - -Fault tolerance. The mechanism of
extra components that are not necessary to functioning, in
case of failure of components
Routing - -The process of moving data from the
sender to the receiver
Scalability - -The capability of a system, network, or
process to handle a growing amount of work
Protocol - -The set of rules governing the exchange
of data between devices.
Interface - -Allows the user to communicate and use
the computer or program
Packet switching - -Breaking large pieces of
information down into packets.
TCP/IP - -Transmission Control Protocol- provides
reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream
of packets on the Internet. Tightly linked with IP.
SSL/TLS - -Secure Sockets Layer, the standard
technology for keeping an internet connection secure and
safeguarding any sensitive data that is being sent between
two systems. TLS (Transport Layer Security) is just an
updated, more secure, version of SSL. Makes sure device
is secured, padlock icon
Bandwidth - -Transmission capacity measured by bit
rate. High bandwidth= good
