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APEA- Heme Patho actual solution.pdf
Typology: Exams
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The primary organ responsible for the production of ITP platelet antibodies is the: spleen. liver. kidney. pancreas. - ans-spleen Which one of the following is NOT involved in hemostasis? Vasoconstriction Activation of platelets Formation of blood clots Destruction of collagen fibers - ans-Destruction of collagen fibers
Which one of the following is a type of megaloblastic anemia? Hemolytic anemia Sideroblastic anemia Pernicious anemia Iron deficiency anemia - ans-Pernicious anemia The component of the blood that carries antibodies and nutrients to tissues and carries away waste is: thrombocytes. plasma. erythrocytes. leukocytes - ans-plasma. Which one of the following is a disorder that results in the destruction of platelets? Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura Myelodysplasia Acute leukemia
Cytokines Histamines - ans-Cytokines Thrombocytopenia is characterized by: decreased iron supply. decreased production of red blood cells. too many circulating platelets. insufficient circulating platelets. - ans-insufficient circulating platelets. The plasma protein that binds to and transports iron is known as: ferritin. reticulocyte. transferrin. globulin. - ans-transferrin. A vital function of platelets is to: carry oxygen to the tissues and remove carbon dioxide from them. regulate acid-base balance and immune responses.
protect the body against harmful bacteria and infection. form hemostatic plugs in injured blood vessels. - ans-form hemostatic plugs in injured blood vessels. The most common cause of mortality in patients with ITP is: gastrointestinal bleeding. hepatic encephalopathy. intracranial hemorrhage. coronary artery disease. - ans-intracranial hemorrhage The extrinsic pathway of the clotting cascade is triggered by: polysaccharide. collagen fibers. nucleic acid. tissue factor. - ans-tissue factor. Which structure produces lymphocytes and guards the body against airborne and ingested pathogens? The thymus
Which clinical finding is associated with hyperbilirubinemia? Pallor Jaundice Ecchymosis Edema - ans-Jaundice Which one of the following is the first immunoglobulin produced during an immune response? IgA IgE IgG IgM - ans-IgM B lymphocytes are produced in the: thymus. liver. bone marrow. lymph system. - ans-bone marrow.
A hereditary type of hemolytic anemia that is caused impaired enzyme function is known as: thalassemia. glucose- 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase. sickle cell anemia. aplastic anemia. - ans-glucose- 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase. What is the average lifespan of a red cell? 7 days 30 days 60 days 120 days - ans-120 days The immunoglobulin that plays a crucial role in the immune function of the mucous membranes is: IgA. IgE. IgG. IgM. - ans-IgA.
IgM. - ans-IgE. The cells that are generated in the thymus and are instrumental in developing cellular immunity are: phagocytic cells. T cells. B cells. natural killer cells. - ans-T cells. A type of anemia that is characterized by the production of defective hemoglobin is known as: pernicious anemia. glucose- 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase. sickle cell anemia. aplastic anemia. - ans-sickle cell anemia. Most immediate (type I), allergic reactions are mediated by the production of: IgG antibodies. complement cells.
IgE antibodies. mast cells. - ans-IgE antibodies Which anemia develops as a result of folic acid deficiency? Macrocytic Microcytic Normocytic Hypochromic - ans-Macrocytic What is the initial intervention for the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia? Heliotherapy Exchange transfusion Phototherapy Lactulose - ans-Phototherapy What is the name of the protein that forms fibers that trap blood? Fibrin Prothrombin Thrombin
Hyperemic tissues prompt cells to clot and sickle. Repeated episodes of sickling cause the cells to become irreversibly sickled. A direct correlation exists between the number of irreversibly sickled cells and the frequency of ischemic episodes. - ans-Repeated episodes of sickling cause the cells to become irreversibly sickled. How long is the half-life of lead in the blood? 10 days 20 days 30 days 40 days - ans-30 days Erythropoiesis is primarily triggered by: granulocytosis. new stem cell production. hypoxemia. low hematocrit. - ans-hypoxemia. The pathway involved in the clotting cascade and is triggered by blood coming in contact with collagen fibers is:
the intrinsic pathway. the extrinsic pathway. the common pathway. the tissue factor pathway. - ans-the intrinsic pathway. The immunoglobulin (Ig) that functions as the major antibacterial and antiviral antibody is: IgA. IgM. IgG. IgE. - ans-IgG. Which hereditary disease leads to a hypercoagulable state? Hemophilia Factor V Leiden Iron deficiency anemia Thrombocytopenia - ans-Factor V Leiden The intrinsic pathway in the clotting cascade involves the blood coming in contact with: polysaccharide.
heme iron. ferrous iron. ferritin iron. - ans-heme iron. What is the final enzyme of the clotting cascade that produces fibrin? Thrombin Phospholipid Calcium Factor V - ans-Thrombin A type of anemia caused by damage to stem cells in the bone marrow is known as: thalassemia. megaloblastic anemia. hemolytic anemia. aplastic anemia. - ans-aplastic anemia. Which of the following is true about beta thalassemia? Beta thalassemia causes a hyperchromic anemia.
Beta thalassemia also causes an iron deficiency anemia. Beta thalassemia may cause bony deformities of the face and skull. Beta thalassemia does not result in severe anemia requiring blood transfusions. - ans-Beta thalassemia also causes an iron deficiency anemia. Which pathway of the clotting cascade involves a tissue factor that is released by damaged cells? Activation pathway Intrinsic pathway Extrinsic pathway Common pathway - ans-Extrinsic pathway Which one of the following does the coagulation cascade involve? Fibrinogen activates prothrombin. Fibrin converts to fibrinogen. Prothrombin becomes thrombin. Fibrin creates thrombin. - ans-Prothrombin becomes thrombin.
